I-Media Bitrate Calculator
Bala ama-bitrate afanele amaleveli ekhwalithi ahlukene nezinkundla. Ilungele abadali bevidiyo, abasakazi, nezingcweti zokuqukethwe abafuna ukukhulisa ikhwalithi kuyilapho bethuthukisa usayizi wefayela nomkhawulokudonsa.
Bala I-Bitrate Yakho Elungile
Gcwalisa imininingwane engezansi ukuze uthole ama-bitrate anconyiwe emidiya yakho. Isibali sethu sicabangela ukulungiswa, izinga lozimele, uhlobo lokuqukethwe, kanye nenkundla eqondiwe ukuze inikeze izincomo ezifanele ze-bitrate.
Kungani Usebenzisa Isibali Sethu Se-Bitrate
Ikhwalithi Elungile Nebhalansi Kasayizi
Thola ibhalansi ephelele phakathi kwekhwalithi yokubuka nosayizi wefayela ngezincomo zethu ezihlakaniphile ze-bitrate ezisekelwe ekuhlaziyeni okuphelele.
- Ukulungiselelwa okuqondene nenkundla
- Izibalo eziqaphela okuqukethwe
- Izinketho eziningi zekhwalithi
Ukusekelwa Kwe-Codec Okuphelele
Thola izincomo ezithile zamakhodekhi esimanje okuhlanganisa i-H.264, H.265/HEVC, VP9, ne-AV1, ngayinye enezilungiselelo ezithuthukisiwe.
- Ukulungiswa kwe-bitrate okuqondene ne-codec
- Usekelo lwekhodekhi yesizukulwane esilandelayo
- Ukusethwa kusengaphambili kwekhodekhi kochwepheshe
Ukulethwa Kweplatifomu-Optimized
Qinisekisa ukuthi okuqukethwe kwakho kubukeka kukuhle kakhulu endaweni ngayinye enezincomo ze-bitrate ezenzelwe wena ze-YouTube, Twitch, Facebook, nokunye.
- Amathiphu wombhalo wenkundla othize
- Kwenzelwe i-algorithm yesikhulumi ngasinye
- Kubuyekezwe ngezimfuneko zakamuva zenkundla
Ukuqonda i-Media Bitrates
Iyini i-Bitrate futhi Kungani Ibalulekile?
I-Bitrate inani ledatha ecutshungulwayo ngeyunithi ngayinye yesikhathi, ngokuvamile ikalwa ngamabhithi ngomzuzwana (bps), amakhilobhithi ngesekhondi (Kbps), noma ama-megabits ngesekhondi (Mbps). Ngamagama alula, ikhombisa ukuthi ingakanani idatha enikezelwe ukumela ividiyo yakho noma okuqukethwe komsindo.
Ama-bitrate aphezulu ngokuvamile asho ikhwalithi engcono ngoba idatha eyengeziwe isetshenziselwa ukugcina ulwazi lwemidiya, okuholela emininingwaneni eyengeziwe nokucaca. Kodwa-ke, ama-bitrate aphezulu nawo aholela kumasayizi amafayili amakhulu futhi adinga umkhawulokudonsa owengeziwe wokusakaza. Ukuthola i-bitrate elungile kubalulekile ekulinganiseni ikhwalithi nokucatshangelwa okungokoqobo njengosayizi wefayela, isikhathi sokulayisha/ukulanda, nokusebenza kokusakaza.
I-Bitrate yevidiyo
Ilawula ikhwalithi ebonakalayo yevidiyo yakho. Iphansi kakhulu, futhi uzobona ama-artifact angama-blocky, ukufiphala, nokulahlekelwa imininingwane. Iphezulu kakhulu, futhi umosha isikhala sesitoreji ngaphandle kokuthuthukiswa okubonakalayo.
I-Bitrate yomsindo
Inquma ikhwalithi yomsindo. Ama-bitrate omsindo aphansi angabangela umsindo omncane, ukulahlekelwa ububanzi obuguqukayo, nomsindo ongemuva. Umsindo ngokuvamile udinga idatha encane kakhulu kunevidiyo.
Ukuthola Ibhalansi
Ubuciko bokuthuthukisa i-bitrate ukuthola indawo emnandi lapho ikhwalithi ikhuliswa khona kuyilapho usayizi wefayela nezidingo zomkhawulokudonsa zigcinwa zinengqondo kubabukeli bakho.
Izinto Ezithinta I-Bitrate Elungile
Izinto eziningi zithonya ukuthi iyiphi i-bitrate ezokhiqiza imiphumela engcono kakhulu yemidiya yakho ethile. Isibali sethu sicabangela lezi zici ukuze sinikeze izincomo ezinembe kakhulu:
Isixazululo
Ukulungiswa okuphezulu (4K, 1440p, 1080p) kuqukethe amaphikseli engeziwe futhi kudinga ama-bitrate aphakeme ukuze kugcinwe ikhwalithi. Ividiyo ye-4K idinga idatha eningi kakhulu kunevidiyo engu-720p yokuqukethwe okufanayo.
Ukukalwa kwe fulemu
Amavidiyo aku-60fps adinga cishe u-1.5x we-bitrate yamavidiyo angu-30fps ukuze agcine ikhwalithi efanayo, njengoba kukhona ozimele abaningi abaphindwe kabili okufakwa ikhodi ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Inkimbinkimbi Yokuqukethwe
Okuqukethwe okuhamba ngokushesha okunemininingwane eminingi (ezemidlalo, izigcawu zesenzo) kudinga ama-bitrate aphezulu kunokuqukethwe okumile (izingxoxo, izethulo) ukuze kugwenywe ama-artifact anyakazayo nokugcina kucaca.
Ukusebenza Kwe-Codec
Amakhodekhi amasha afana ne-H.265/HEVC ne-AV1 angafinyelela ikhwalithi efanayo ngama-bitrate aphansi uma kuqhathaniswa namakhodekhi amadala njenge-H.264, ngokuvamile edinga idatha engaphansi ngo-30-50%.
Indlela Yokudiliva
Izinkundla zokusakaza zingase zidlulise amakhodi okuqukethwe kwakho, ngakho ukunikeza umthombo wekhwalithi ephezulu kubalulekile. Okulandiwe kungazuza kuma-bitrate aphezulu njengoba izithiyo zomkhawulokudonsa zithinta kuphela ukulanda kokuqala.
I-Target Platform
Amapulatifomu ahlukene anezidingo ezahlukene kanye nezindlela zokucubungula. I-YouTube, Twitch, Netflix, kanye nezinkundla zokuxhumana ngayinye inezilungiselelo zayo ezilungile.
Amayunithi we-Bitrate nokuguqulwa
Ukuqonda amayunithi e-bitrate nokuthi ahlobana kanjani nosayizi wefayela kubalulekile ekuhleleni kwemidiya okusebenzayo:
| Iyunithi | Uphawu | Inani | Ngokuvamile Isetshenziselwa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amabhithi ngomzuzwana | bps | Iyunithi yesisekelo | Imininingwane yobuchwepheshe |
| Amakhilobhi ngomzuzwana | Kbps | 1,000 bps | Umbhalo wekhodi womsindo, ividiyo enemiphumela ephansi |
| Amamegabhithi ngomzuzwana | Mbps | 1,000,000 bps | Umbhalo wekhodi wevidiyo ojwayelekile |
| Gigabits ngomzuzwana | Gbps | 1,000,000,000 bps | Ividiyo engacindezelwanga, ukusakaza bukhoma okuphezulu |
I-Bitrate ekuguquleni kosayizi wefayela
Ukuze ulinganisele usayizi wefayela kusuka ku-bitrate, sebenzisa le fomula:
Isibonelo, ividiyo yemizuzu engu-10 ku-5 Mbps ingaba cishe:
Ama-Bitrate anconyiwe Nge-Platform
Izinkundla ezihlukene zinezidingo nezincomo ezihlukene zokulethwa kwamavidiyo asezingeni eliphezulu. Nasi ukuqhathanisa okuphelele kokusakazwa okukhulu nezinkundla zokuxhumana:
Ama-Bitrate anconyiwe e-YouTube
I-YouTube idala ngokuzenzakalela izinguqulo eziningi zevidiyo yakho ngamaleveli ekhwalithi ahlukene, kodwa ukulayisha nge-bitrate ephezulu kuqinisekisa ikhwalithi engcono kakhulu yababukeli.
| Isixazululo | Isilinganiso Sozimele Esijwayelekile (24-30 FPS) | Izinga Lozimele Eliphezulu (48-60 FPS) | I-Codec Enconyiwe |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2160p (4K) | 35-45 Mbps | 53-68 Mbps | H.264, VP9, AV1 |
| 1440p (2K) | 16-24 Mbps | 24-36 Mbps | H.264, VP9 |
| 1080p (I-HD egcwele) | 8-12 Mbps | 12-18 Mbps | H.264 |
| 720p (HD) | 5-7.5 Mbps | 7.5-11 Mbps | H.264 |
| 480p (SD) | 2.5-4 Mbps | 4-6 Mbps | H.264 |
| 360p | 1-1.5 Mbps | 1.5-2.25 Mbps | H.264 |
Amathiphu okuthuthukisa i-YouTube
- I-YouTube yenza eyakho i-transcoding, ngakho ukuhlinzeka ngefayela lomthombo wekhwalithi ephezulu kubalulekile.
- Ngokuqukethwe kwe-HDR, sebenzisa isikhala sombala se-BT.2020 nokujula okungu-10-bit noma ngaphezulu.
- I-YouTube incoma ukusebenzisa i-H.264 High Profile ukuze uthole okuqukethwe okujwayelekile kanye ne-VP9 ukuze uthole ukulungiswa okuphezulu.
- Umsindo kufanele ube yi-AAC-LC ku-128 kbps yesitiriyo noma u-384 kbps wokuzungeza okungu-5.1.
- I-YouTube icubungula amavidiyo ngokuphumelelayo uma isebenzisa izikhawu zozimele abangukhiye bemizuzwana emi-2.
Ama-Bitrate anconyiwe we-Twitch
I-Twitch inemikhawulo ethile ye-bitrate yamaleveli ozakwethu ahlukene. Lezi zincomo zisiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusakaza kwakho kuzinzile futhi kufinyeleleka ezibukelini ezinezivinini ezihlukene zokuxhuma.
| Isixazululo | 30 FPS | 60 FPS | Amanothi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1080p | 4.5-6 Mbps | 6-8 Mbps | Inconyelwe Ozakwethu/Izinkampani Eziphethwe |
| 720p | 3-4.5 Mbps | 4.5-6 Mbps | Inconyelwe abasakazi abaningi |
| 480p | 1.5-3 Mbps | 3-4.5 Mbps | Ngomkhawulokudonsa wokulayisha okhawulelwe |
Amathiphu okuthuthukisa i-Twitch
- I-Twitch inekhephu eqinile engu-8 Mbps ngokunganaki isimo sakho somlingani.
- Umsindo kufanele ube yi-AAC ku-128-160 kbps ukuze uthole ikhwalithi ephezulu nokuhambisana.
- Sebenzisa iphrofayela “Eyinhloko” yombhalo wekhodi we-H.264 ngokusetha kwangaphambili kwe-CPU “okumaphakathi” kuya “okusheshayo” ukuze uthole ibhalansi enhle.
- Uma ungeyena Uzakwethu noma Inxusa, cabanga ukusakaza bukhoma ku-720p60 ukuze uthole ukuzizwela kwesibukeli esingcono kakhulu.
- Cabangela umkhawulokudonsa wezibukeli zakho – akuwona wonke umuntu ongabuka ukusakazwa kwe-bitrate ephezulu ngaphandle kokubhafa.
Ama-Bitrate anconyiwe e-Facebook
I-Facebook Live ne-Facebook Video inezincomo ezihlukene zokuqinisekisa ukuthi okuqukethwe kwakho kufinyelela izithameli eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka kuyilapho ugcina ikhwalithi enhle.
| Isixazululo | Ukusakaza bukhoma | Ukulayishwa Kwevidiyo | Amanothi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1080p | 4-6 Mbps | 8-12 Mbps | Ubukhulu bokulungiswa kwe-FB Live |
| 720p | 2.5-4 Mbps | 4-8 Mbps | Inconyelwe abasebenzisi abaningi |
| 480p | 1-2.5 Mbps | 2-4 Mbps | Okomkhawulokudonsa olinganiselwe |
| 360p | 0.5-1 Mbps | 1-2 Mbps | Inketho yeselula |
Amathiphu Okuthuthukisa I-Facebook
- I-Facebook incoma umkhawulo we-bitrate ongu-4 Mbps ekusakazeni bukhoma okujwayelekile.
- Kumavidiyo alayishiwe, i-Facebook yamukela amafayela afika ku-10 Gbps futhi izowadlulisela amakhodi.
- I-Facebook yenza kangcono nge-codec ye-H.264, Iphrofayili Ephezulu, nezikhawu zozimele abangukhiye bemizuzwana emi-2.
- Umsindo kufanele ube yi-AAC kokuthi 96-128 kbps bukhoma futhi 128-256 kbps ukuze ulayishwe.
- I-Facebook izofaka ikhodi kabusha okuqukethwe kwakho, ngakho-ke kuhle ukuhlinzeka ngefayela lomthombo lekhwalithi ephezulu.
Ama-Bitrate anconyiwe we-Vimeo
I-Vimeo yaziwa ngevidiyo yekhwalithi ephezulu futhi inikeza izincomo ezithile ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwakho lokuqukethwe nekhwalithi okuhlosiwe.
| Isixazululo | Ikhwalithi Ejwayelekile | Ikhwalithi ye-Premium | I-Codec Enconyiwe |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-4K (2160p) | 30-60 Mbps | 40-80 Mbps | H.264, i-ProRes |
| 2K (1440p) | 16-24 Mbps | 20-30 Mbps | H.264, i-ProRes |
| 1080p | 10-20 Mbps | 15-25 Mbps | H.264 |
| 720p | 5-10 Mbps | 8-12 Mbps | H.264 |
| I-SD (480p) | 3-5 Mbps | 5-8 Mbps | H.264 |
Amathiphu okuthuthukisa i-Vimeo
- I-Vimeo yamukela ama-bitrate aphezulu kunezinkundla eziningi, okuvumela ukulayishwa kwekhwalithi yobuchwepheshe.
- Ukuze uthole imiphumela ehamba phambili, sebenzisa i-H.264 enephrofayili Ephezulu noma i-ProRes 422 ngokuqukethwe kwe-4K.
- I-Vimeo yamukela futhi igcine ukujula kombala okungu-10-bit kokuqukethwe kwe-HDR.
- Umsindo kufanele ube yi-AAC ku-320 kbps yesitiriyo noma ufike ku-512 kbps ngomsindo ozungezayo.
- Ama-akhawunti e-Vimeo Plus, e-Pro, naweBhizinisi anemikhawulo ehlukene yokulayisha nezinketho zekhwalithi.
Ama-Bitrate anconyiwe e-Instagram
I-Instagram inezidingo ezithile zamafomethi wevidiyo ahlukene okuhlanganisa Izindaba, Reels, IGTV, nokuthunyelwe okujwayelekile.
| Ifomethi | Isixazululo | I-Bitrate Enconyiwe | Ubude obukhulu |
|---|---|---|---|
| Izindaba ze-Instagram | 1080×1920 (9:16) | 3-5 Mbps | imizuzwana engu-15 |
| Okuphakelayo kwe-Instagram | 1080×1080 (1:1) | 5-8 Mbps | 60 imizuzwana |
| I-Instagram Reels | 1080×1920 (9:16) | 5-8 Mbps | 30 imizuzwana |
| IGTV | 1080×1920 (9:16) | 8-10 Mbps | Imizuzu engama-60 |
Amathiphu okuthuthukisa i-Instagram
- I-Instagram icindezela kakhulu amavidiyo, ngakho ukuqala ngomthombo wekhwalithi ephezulu kusiza ukulondoloza imininingwane.
- Sebenzisa i-codec ye-H.264 bese usetha isikhawu sozimele ongukhiye sibe njalo ngamasekhondi angu-1-2.
- Umsindo kufanele ube yi-AAC ku-128 kbps ngekhwalithi ephezulu ngemuva kokucubungula kwe-Instagram.
- Ezindabeni nama-Reels, ifomethi ethi 9:16 eqondile isebenza kahle kakhulu nge- letterboxing encane.
- I-Instagram ithanda amavidiyo agqamile, anempilo anokugqama okuhle ukuze kuhlanganyele kangcono.
Ama-Bitrate anconyiwe we-TikTok
I-TikTok yenzelwe ukubukwa kweselula ngezidingo ezithile zefomethi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi okuqukethwe kwakho kubukeka kukuhle endaweni yesikhulumi.
| Isixazululo | I-Aspect ratio | I-Bitrate Enconyiwe | Ubude obukhulu |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1080×1920 | 9:16 (Kuqondile) | 8-12 Mbps | 3 amaminithi (okujwayelekile) |
| 1080×1920 | 9:16 (Kuqondile) | 10-15 Mbps | Imizuzu eyi-10 (inwetshiwe) |
| 1080×1080 | 1:1 (Isikwele) | 6-10 Mbps | 3 amaminithi |
| 1920×1080 | 16:9 (Evundlile) | 8-12 Mbps | 3 amaminithi |
TikTok Amathiphu Okuthuthukisa
- I-TikTok yenza kahle kakhulu ngezithombe ezikhanyayo, ezicacile ezilungiselelwe ukubukwa kweselula.
- Ifomethi yevidiyo eqondile engu-9:16 inikeza umuzwa ongcono kakhulu wokubuka endaweni yesikhulumi.
- Umbhalo wekhodi we-H.264 one-bitrate ephezulu kusiza ukulondoloza ikhwalithi ngokuminyanisa kwe-TikTok.
- Umsindo ubaluleke kakhulu ku-TikTok – sebenzisa umsindo ocacile ku-128-256 kbps.
- I-algorithm ye-TikTok ithanda amavidiyo anekhwalithi enhle yobuchwepheshe nokubonakala okucacile.
Indlela Yokusebenzisa I-Bitrate Calculator
Faka Imininingwane Yakho Yemidiya
Qala ngokukhetha ukulungiswa okufunayo, izinga lozimele, uhlobo lokuqukethwe, nengxenyekazi eqondiwe. Lawa mapharamitha abalulekile asisiza ukuthi sinqume ibanga elilungile le-bitrate lezidingo zakho ezithile. Nembe ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uthole izincomo ezinembe kakhulu.
Cacisa Imingcele Yezobuchwepheshe
Khetha ikhodekhi yevidiyo oyikhethayo (H.264, H.265/HEVC, VP9, AV1) nezilungiselelo zekhwalithi yomsindo. Abasebenzisi abathuthukile bangaphinda bacacise amapharamitha engeziwe njengohlobo lokuqukethwe kwe-HDR nezintandokazi zokuthuthukisa ukuze uthole izibalo ezinembe kakhudlwana.
Bala I-Bitrate Elungile
Chofoza inkinobho ethi “Bala I-Bitrate Ekahle” ukuze ukhiqize izincomo eziqondene nawe. I-algorithm yethu ihlaziya wonke amapharamitha futhi inikeza amanani e-bitrate abalwe ngokwesayensi abhalansisa ikhwalithi nosayizi wefayela wokuqukethwe kwakho okuthile.
Buyekeza Izincomo
Hlola imiphumela enemininingwane, okuhlanganisa ama-bitrate anconyiwe evidiyo nomsindo, osayizi bamafayela abalinganiselwe, namathiphu obuchwepheshe aqondene nenkundla ethile. Sinikeza izinketho eziningi zekhwalithi ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha lokho okusebenza kangcono esimweni sakho esithile.
Sebenzisa Izilungiselelo Kusofthiwe Yakho
Sebenzisa izincomo zethu lapho ulungisa isofthiwe yakho yokufaka ikhodi (i-OBS, i-Premiere Pro, i-DaVinci Resolve, ibhuleki lesandla, njll.). Sebenzisa i-bitrate ephakanyisiwe, izilungiselelo zekhodekhi, neminye imingcele ukuze uzuze ikhwalithi ephezulu yokuqukethwe kwakho kwemidiya.
imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Iyiphi i-bitrate efanelekile yevidiyo ye-1080p?
Kuvidiyo engu-1080p (1920×1080) ngo-30fps, i-bitrate ekahle ngokuvamile isukela ku-8-12 Mbps kokuqukethwe okujwayelekile kusetshenziswa umbhalo wekhodi we-H.264. Ukuze uthole okuqukethwe okunamandla njengezemidlalo noma izigcawu zesenzo, ungase udinge u-12-15 Mbps. Uma usebenzisa i-60fps, khulisa lawa manani cishe ngo-50%. Amakhodekhi asebenza kahle kakhulu njenge-H.265/HEVC noma i-AV1 angafinyelela ikhwalithi efanayo ngama-bitrate aphansi angu-30-50%. Izidingo zakho ezithile zingase zihluke ngokuya ngobunkimbinkimbi bokuqukethwe kanye nenkundla okuqondiswe kuyo.
I-bitrate iwuthinta kanjani usayizi wefayela?
I-Bitrate inquma ngokuqondile usayizi wefayela kusetshenziswa ifomula elula: Usayizi Wefayela (MB) = I-Bitrate (Mbps) × Ubude (amasekhondi) ÷ 8. Isibonelo, ividiyo eyimizuzu engu-10 efakwe ikhodi ku-10 Mbps izoholela kufayela elilinganiselwa ku-750 MB ngosayizi (10 Mbps × 600 amasekhondi ÷ 8). Ama-bitrate aphezulu aholela kumafayela amakhulu kodwa futhi ngokuvamile athuthukisa ikhwalithi. Ukuthola ibhalansi elungile kuncike ezidingweni zakho zekhwalithi kanye nemikhawulo yokugcina/umkhawulokudonsa.
Kungani ukusakaza-bukhoma kudinga ama-bitrate ahlukile kunokulandiwe?
Ukusakaza-bukhoma nokuqukethwe okulandekayo kunezidingo ezihlukile ze-bitrate ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yemikhawulo yomkhawulokudonsa. Ukusakaza-bukhoma kudinga ukulethwa kwesikhathi sangempela, ngakho-ke i-bitrate kufanele iqhubeke nokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi kwesibukeli ukuze kugwenywe ukubhafa. Izinkundla eziningi zokusakaza zincoma ama-bitrate aphansi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufinyeleleka kubabukeli abaningi. Okuqukethwe okulandiwe, nokho, akuvinjwa ukulethwa kwesikhathi sangempela, okuvumela ama-bitrate aphezulu nekhwalithi. Ukwengeza, izinkundla zokusakaza-bukhoma zivame ukwenza i-transcoding yazo ukuze zenze amaleveli ekhwalithi amaningi, ngakho ukunikeza ifayela lomthombo wekhwalithi ephezulu kubalulekile ngisho noma umsebenzisi wokugcina engase asakaze nge-bitrate ephansi.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kombhalo wekhodi we-CBR, VBR, kanye ne-CRF?
Lezi izindlela ezihlukene zokulawula izinga ezinquma ukuthi i-bitrate yabiwa kanjani:
- I-CBR (I-Constant Bit Rate): Igcina i-bitrate efanayo kuyo yonke ividiyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani. Lokhu kulungele ukusakaza lapho ukuhambisana komkhawulokudonsa kubalulekile kodwa kungase kungasebenzi kahle kokuqukethwe okuguquguqukayo.
- I-VBR (I-Variable Bit Rate): Inikeza ama-bitrate aphezulu kuzigcawu eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nama-bitrate aphansi kuzigcawu ezilula. Lokhu kukhiqiza ikhwalithi engcono ngesilinganiso esifanayo se-bitrate uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CBR, okuyenza ilungele okuqukethwe okulandiwe.
- I-CRF (I-Constant Rate Factor): Igcina ikhwalithi engashintshi kune-bitrate, ivumela isifaki khodi ukuthi sisebenzise noma iyiphi i-bitrate edingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ileveli yekhwalithi eshiwo. Lokhu kulungele ukugcinwa kwengobo yomlando kanye nezimo lapho ikhwalithi ibekwa phambili ngaphezu kokuqagela kosayizi wefayela.
Ngokusakazwayo, i-CBR noma i-VBR ene-capped ngokuvamile iyanconywa. Kumavidiyo alandiwe, i-VBR noma i-CRF ngokuvamile inikeza ukusebenza kahle kwekhwalithi engcono.
Anjani amakhodekhi amasha afana ne-H.265/HEVC ne-AV1 uma eqhathaniswa ne-H.264?
Amakhodekhi amasha anikeza ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo kokusebenza kahle ngaphezu kwe-H.264 esetshenziswa kabanzi:
- I-H.265/HEVC: Ifinyelela ikhwalithi efanayo ne-H.264 cishe ngama-bitrate aphansi angu-40-50%, kodwa idinga amandla okucubungula engeziwe ukuze ibethelwe futhi iqoshwe. Isekelwa kabanzi kumadivayisi amasha futhi ilungele okuqukethwe kwe-4K.
- I-AV1: Isebenza kahle nakakhulu kune-HEVC, ihlinzeka ngekhwalithi efanayo kuma-bitrate aphansi angu-20-30% kune-HEVC (noma ngo-50-60% ngaphansi kune-H.264). Kodwa-ke, ukufakwa kwekhodi kwe-AV1 okwamanje kusebenzisa kakhulu iphrosesa, nakuba ukusekelwa kwe-decoder kukhula ngokushesha.
- I-VP9: Iqhudelana ne-Google ku-HEVC, enikeza intuthuko efanayo yokusebenza kahle ngaphezu kwe-H.264 ngosekelo olungcono lwesiphequluli kune-HEVC kodwa ukusheshisa okuncane kwehadiwe.
Lapho ukhetha ikhodekhi, cabanga ukusebenzisana namadivayisi/izinkundla oziqondise, imikhawulo yesikhathi sombhalo wekhodi, kanye nezidingo zekhwalithi/usayizi. I-H.264 isalokhu iyinketho ehambisana kakhulu, kuyilapho amakhodekhi amasha enikeza ukusebenza kahle okungcono ngezindleko zokuhambisana noma isivinini sombhalo wekhodi.
Yini ebaluleke kakhulu ngekhwalithi: ukulungiswa noma i-bitrate?
Kokubili ukulungiswa kanye ne-bitrate kunomthelela omkhulu kwikhwalithi yevidiyo, kodwa ukubaluleka kwakho kuyehluka kuye ngomongo:
Isixazululo inquma inani lamaphikseli kufreyimu ngayinye, ithinta amandla nemininingwane ebukhali. Kodwa-ke, uma i-bitrate iphansi kakhulu ukuthi ingalungiswa, uzobona ama-artifacts okucindezelayo anganaki izinzuzo zokulungiswa okuphezulu.
I-Bitrate inquma ukuthi ingakanani idatha esetshenziselwa ukufaka ikhodi umzuzwana ngamunye wevidiyo, okuthinta ngokuqondile ukuthi imininingwane nokunyakaza kungagcinwa kanjani. I-bitrate ephezulu ekulungisweni okuphansi ngokuvamile ibonakala ingcono kunokulungiswa okuphezulu okune-bitrate enganele.
Indlela elungile ukulinganisa kokubili ngokuya ngokuqukethwe kwakho. Ukuze uthole izigcawu ezinemininingwane, eziyinkimbinkimbi, beka phambili i-bitrate eyanele yokulungiswa kwakho okukhethile. Ngokuqukethwe okulula njengamaphrezentheshini noma ukugqwayiza, ukulungiswa kungase kubaluleke kakhulu kune-bitrate ephezulu kakhulu. Isibali sethu sincoma izilungiselelo ezilinganiselayo ezithuthukisa zombili izici zohlobo lwakho lokuqukethwe oluthile.
Imiqondo ye-Bitrate Ethuthukisiwe
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwengqondo
Amakhodekhi evidiyo esimanje asebenzisa amamodeli e-psychovisual ukuze athuthukise ikhwalithi ecatshangwayo ngokunikeza idatha eyengeziwe ezintweni ezibalulekile ezibonakalayo kuyilapho ecindezela imininingwane engabonakali kancane. Ukuqonda le migomo kungakusiza wenze izinqumo ezingcono zombhalo wekhodi:
I-Perceptual Masking
Isistimu yokubuka yomuntu ayizweli kakhulu emsindweni ezindaweni ezihamba phambili noma ezindaweni ezinokwakheka okuphezulu. Ama-codec asebenzisa lokhu ngokusebenzisa ukucindezela okwengeziwe kulezi zindawo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwekhwalithi okuphawulekayo.
I-Luma vs. Chroma Resolution
Abantu bazwela kakhulu ekukhanyeni (luma) ukwehluka kombala (chroma). Amakhodekhi amaningi asebenzisa i-chroma subsampling (4:2:0) ukuze unciphise ukucaca kombala kuyilapho kugcinwa ukugqama okugcwele, ukwehlisa ngokumangazayo i-bitrate ngomthelela omncane wokubona.
Ukuthuthukisa Isilinganiso-Ukuhlanekezela
Izifaki khodi ezithuthukisiwe zenza izinkulungwane zezinqumo mayelana nendlela yokwaba amabhithi ngokubala umthelela obonakalayo uma uqhathaniswa nezindleko ze-bitrate. Lawa ma-algorithms athuthuke kakhulu ezizukulwaneni zakamuva ze-codec, okuvumela ikhwalithi engcono nge-bitrate efanayo.
Umbhalo Wekhodi Oqaphela Okuqukethwe
Izixazululo zesimanje zombhalo wekhodi zihlaziya okuqukethwe kwakho ukuze ulungise ngokuguqukayo i-bitrate ngokusekelwe ebunkingeni. Izigcawu ezilula zithola izingcezu ezimbalwa kuyilapho izigcawu eziyinkimbinkimbi zithola okwengeziwe, okuholela kukhwalithi ecatshangwayo engaguquki ene-bitrate emaphakathi ephansi.
Amapharamitha Wombhalo Wekhodi Athuthukile
Ngale kwezilungiselelo eziyisisekelo ze-bitrate, lezi zinhlaka ezithuthukisiwe zingaba nomthelela omkhulu kukhwalithi yakho yombhalo wekhodi nokusebenza kahle:
| Ipharamitha | Incazelo | Izilungiselelo Ezinconyiwe |
|---|---|---|
| Ileveli Yephrofayela | Ichaza izingqinamba eziyinkimbinkimbi namasethi wesici asetshenziswa i-codec | H.264: Iphrofayili Ephezulu yekhwalithi ehamba phambili, Eyinhloko yokuhambisana I-HEVC: I-Main 10 ye-HDR, Eyinhloko yezinga |
| Amafreyimu ereferensi | Inombolo yozimele isishumeki esingabhekisela kuso lapho siminyanisa | 3-5 yokusakaza, 5-8 yekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu |
| B-ozimele | Ozimele ababikezelwe be-Bidirectional ababhekisela kubo bobabili ozimele abadlule nabazayo | 2-3 kokuqukethwe okujwayelekile, 3-5 kwefilimu |
| Bheka-phambili | Kukude kangakanani isifaki khodi sihlaziya ukuze senze izinqumo | 40-100 ozimele bombhalo wekhodi we-VBR, amanani aphezulu athuthukisa ikhwalithi |
| I-Adaptive Quantization | Iyahluka u-quantization ngokususela ekubalulekeni kokubuka | Nika amandla futhi usethe kokuthi “okuzenzakalelayo” noma okulinganayo kusishumeki sakho |
| Shuna | Setha ngaphambilini ukulungiselelwa okuthuthukisa umbhalo wekhodi wezinhlobo ezithile zokuqukethwe | “Ifilimu” yamamuvi, “Apopayi” opopayi, “Okusanhlamvu” okonga ifilimu okusanhlamvu |
Nakuba lezi zilungiselelo ezithuthukisiwe zingathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi, zivame ukwandisa isikhathi sombhalo wekhodi. Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu, hlola okuqukethwe kwakho okuthile ngezinhlanganisela ezihlukile zepharamitha. Izifaki khodi eziningi zifaka phakathi okusethiwe ngaphambili njengokuthi “kancane kancane” noma “okuhamba kancane” okusebenzisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukulungiselelwa okuphelele.
Umthelela We-Bitrate Kukhwalithi Yemidiya Nokulethwa
Esimeni semidiya yedijithali, i-bitrate ima njengento ebalulekile enquma kokubili ikhwalithi ebonakalayo/yomsindo yokuqukethwe kwakho kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zokulethwa kwakho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumdali wokuqukethwe, uchwepheshe wokusakaza-bukhoma, noma umthandi wemidiya, ukuqonda indima ye-bitrate kubalulekile ekukhiqizeni okuqukethwe okufanele.
I-Bitrate, ikalwa ngamabhithi ngomzuzwana (bps), imelela inani ledatha ecutshunguliwe noma edluliselwe ngeyunithi ngayinye yesikhathi. Kokuqukethwe kwevidiyo, ama-bitrate aphezulu ngokuvamile aphumela kukhwalithi engcono yokubonwayo ngoba idatha eyengeziwe iyatholakala ukuze imele imininingwane, ulwazi lombala, nokunyakaza. Kodwa-ke, ama-bitrate aphezulu aphinde aholele kosayizi bamafayela amakhulu kanye nezidingo ezikhulayo zomkhawulokudonsa, okudala ukuhwebelana okuyisisekelo phakathi kwekhwalithi nokusebenza kahle kwezinsiza.
Ibhalansi Yosayizi Wekhwalithi
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-bitrate nekhwalithi ecatshangwayo akuwona umugqa. Ukuphinda kabili i-bitrate akusho ukuthi kuyiphinda kabili ikhwalithi ecatshangwayo. Yilapho umqondo “wophahla lwekhwalithi” ubaluleka khona – iphuzu lapho ukwandisa i-bitrate kukhiqiza inzuzo enciphayo ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi ebonakalayo. I-Media Bitrate Calculator yethu isiza ukukhomba lobu bubanzi obufanelekile lapho ikhwalithi ikhuliswa ngaphandle kokumosha izinsiza.
Izinhlobo zokuqukethwe ezihlukene zinezidingo ze-bitrate ezihluke kakhulu. Okuqukethwe okumile okunyakazayo okuncane (njengezingxoxo noma izethulo) kungafinyelela ikhwalithi enhle kakhulu ngama-bitrate aphansi kakhulu. Ngokuphambene, okuqukethwe okuyinkimbinkimbi, okusheshayo okunemidwebo enemininingwane (njengemicimbi yezemidlalo noma ukulandelana kwesenzo) kudinga ama-bitrate aphezulu kakhulu ukuze kugcinwe izinga elifanayo elicatshangwayo. Ukuqonda inkimbinkimbi yokuqukethwe kwakho kubalulekile ekwabeni kahle i-bitrate.
Ukuthuthukisa Inkundla
Inkundla yokusabalalisa ngayinye isebenzisa amapayipi okucubungula ahlukile namasu okucindezela. I-YouTube, i-Twitch, i-Facebook, nezinye izinsizakalo ngayinye isebenzisa izindlela zayo zokudlulisa amakhodi nokudiliva, okusho ukuthi ama-bitrate omthombo alungile ayahluka ngokweplatifomu. Isibonelo, isincomo se-YouTube sokuqukethwe kwe-4K (35-45 Mbps ye-30fps) siyahluka esilinganisweni esiphezulu esivunyelwe sika-Twitch se-bitrate esingu-8 Mbps. Isibali sethu sinikeza izincomo eziqondene nenkundla ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okuqukethwe kwakho kusebenza kahle kakhulu kusevisi oyikhethile.
Ikhodekhi yombhalo wekhodi iphinda ibe nomthelela omkhulu ku-bitrate edingekayo. Amakhodekhi amasha afana ne-H.265/HEVC ne-AV1 afinyelela ikhwalithi elinganayo ngama-bitrate aphansi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-H.264. Isibonelo, i-H.265 ngokuvamile idinga idatha engaphansi ngo-40-50% kune-H.264 yekhwalithi efanayo yokubuka. Uma uqondise izinkundla ezisekela lawa makhodekhi athuthukile, ungagcina ikhwalithi ephezulu ngenkathi wehlisa kakhulu usayizi wefayela kanye nezidingo zomkhawulokudonsa.
Amathrendi Azayo Ekuthuthukiseni I-Bitrate
Isimo sobuchwepheshe bemidiya siyaqhubeka nokuvela ngombhalo wekhodi othuthukisiwe wokufunda ngomshini ozuza ukuvelela. Lezi zindlela eziqhutshwa yi-AI zihlaziya izici zokuqukethwe ukuze kusetshenziswe amasu okucindezela alungile ngamandla. Umbhalo wekhodi ovumelana nokuqukethwe uvumela ukusetshenziswa okusebenza kahle nakakhulu kwe-bitrate ngokunikeza idatha eyengeziwe kuzigcawu eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ngaphansi kozimele abalula, okuholela kukhwalithi ecatshangwayo engaguquki ene-bitrate emaphakathi ephansi.
Kubadali bokuqukethwe, ukuthola i-bitrate elungile akuseyona indaba yokulandela izincomo ezijwayelekile kodwa ukuqonda izidingo ezithile zokuqukethwe kwakho, izinkundla okuhlosiwe, kanye nemikhawulo yezithameli. I-Media Bitrate Calculator yethu yenza lula le nqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yokwenza izinqumo ngokunikeza izincomo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, ezisuselwe ngokwesayensi ngokusekelwe kumingcele yakho ethile.
Njengoba isivinini se-inthanethi sikhula emhlabeni jikelele, ama-bitrate aphezulu afinyeleleka kalula ekusakazeni. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kahle kusalokhu kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi kubabukeli beselula nezifunda ezinomkhawulokudonsa olinganiselwe. Amasu okuqukethwe aphumelela kakhulu abhalansisa izimfuneko zekhwalithi nokucatshangelwa kokufinyeleleka, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okuqukethwe kwakho kufinyelela izethameli ezibanzi ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokuyekethisa kuthonya lokubukwayo.