IiFoto zoMtshato kunye neeFomathi zeVidiyo: Gqibezela iSikhokelo
Jonga esona sikhokelo sokufota emtshatweni kunye neefomati zevidiyo zosuku lwakho olukhethekileyo. Ukusuka kwiRAW ukuya kwiJPEG, 4K ukuya kwi-Super 8, fumana indlela yokugcina iinkumbulo zakho ngendlela egqibeleleyo.
Ukuqonda iiFomathi zeMidiya yomtshato
Usuku lwakho lomtshato sesinye seziganeko ezibalulekileyo ebomini bakho, kwaye ukubamba loo maxesha axabisekileyo ngefomathi efanelekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba ahlala ecacile kwaye efikeleleka kwizizukulwana ezizayo. Kwixesha lanamhlanje ledijithali, zininzi iifomati kunye neefomathi zevidiyo, nganye inezinto eziluncedo ezahlukeneyo ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo.
Esi sikhokelo sibanzi siphonononga zonke iifomati eziphambili zomtshato kunye neefomathi zevidiyo, sikunceda wenze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokuba iinkumbulo zakho ziya kugcinwa njani. Nokuba uceba umtshato wakho, udibana nabafoti, okanye ukhangela eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokugcina imithombo yeendaba yomtshato ekhoyo, ukuqonda ezi fomati kubalulekile ekugcineni umgangatho kunye nobomi obude beenkumbulo zomtshato wakho.
Ukusuka kwisisombululo kunye noxinzelelo ukuya kwiimfuno zokuhambelana kunye nokugcinwa, siza kugubungela yonke into oyifunayo malunga nokufota ngomtshato kunye neefomathi zevidiyo ngo-2025 nangaphaya. Masiqinisekise ukuba iinkumbulo zakho zomtshato zihlala zidlamkile kwaye zifikeleleka kumashumi eminyaka ukusukela ngoku njengoko zinjalo namhlanje.
Iifomathi zeFoto yoMtshato zicacisiwe
Iifomathi zeFayile yokuFoto ebalulekileyo
Abafoti bomtshato basebenzisa iifomathi ezahlukeneyo zefayile ukubamba, ukuhlela, kunye nokuzisa iinkumbulo zakho ezixabisekileyo. Ukuqonda ezi fomati kukunceda wenze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nephakheji yakho yokufota yomtshato.
Ubume beRAW
Iifayile ze-RAW azicinezelwanga, idatha engalungiswanga ngokuthe ngqo kwisensom yekhamera yakho. Banikezela ngomgangatho ophezulu kunye nokuguquguquka okuphezulu kohlengahlengiso emva kokulungiswa.
- Ubuphezulu bomgangatho womfanekiso ngaphandle kokulahleka koxinzelelo
- Ukuguquguquka okukhulu kokulungelelanisa ukuvezwa, ibhalansi emhlophe, kunye nombala
- Uluhlu oluphezulu oluguquguqukayo lugcina iinkcukacha kwiimbalasane kunye nezithunzi
- Ifomathi yobungqina bexesha elizayo bokuprintwa kwakhona okanye ukusetyenzwa kwakhona kwiminyaka kamva
Iifomati eziqhelekileyo zeRAW ziquka iCanon’s CR3/CR2, NEF kaNikon, i-ARW yakwaSony, kunye ne-Adobe’s DNG. Ngelixa ubukhulu becala (20-40MB ngomfanekiso), iifayile zeRAW zikumgangatho wegolide wokugcina iinkumbulo zomtshato.
Ifomathi yeJPEG
I-JPEG (Iqela leeNgcali zeeFoto eziDityanisiweyo) yeyona fomati ixhaphakileyo yokuhanjiswa kweefoto zomtshato, inika umgangatho olungileyo kunye neesayizi ezincinci zeefayile ngokucinezela.
- Ukuhambelana ngokubanzi kuzo zonke izixhobo kunye namaqonga
- Ubungakanani befayile encinci (2-10MB) yenza ukwabelana kunye nokugcinwa kube lula
- Abafoti abachwephesha bazisa iiJPEG ezikumgangatho ophezulu
- Ifanelekile ekwabelweni kwe-intanethi, ukuprintwa, kunye nee-albhamu zedijithali
Ngelixa iiJPEGs zisebenzisa uxinezeleko olulahlekileyo (enye idatha yomfanekiso ilahlwe ngokusisigxina), abafoti bomtshato abachwepheshile bahambisa iiJPEG ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezigcina intembeko ebalaseleyo yokujonga nokuprinta.
Ubume be-TIFF
I-TIFF (iFomathi yeFayile yoMfanekiso ephawulweyo) ibonelela ngomgangatho ongalahlekiyo kunye nokuguquguquka okupheleleyo kokuhlela, iyenza ilungele iifoto zomtshato ezifuna ukucocwa kwakhona okubalulekileyo okanye ushicilelo lwefomathi enkulu.
- Uxinzelelo olungenalahleko lugcina yonke idatha yomfanekiso
- Igqwesileyo yokugcina iifoto zomtshato ezibalulekileyo
- Ixhasa iileya zokuhamba komsebenzi onzima wokuhlela
- Ilungele umgangatho we-albhamu kunye noshicilelo lwefomathi enkulu
Iifayile ze-TIFF zikhulu kakhulu kuneeJPEGs (40-80MB ngomfanekiso ngamnye) kodwa zibonelela ngomgangatho ophezulu weefoto zomtshato eziza kwandiswa okanye zihlelwe kakhulu.
HEIF/HEIC ifomathi
I-HEIF (I-High Efficiency Image Format) yifomathi entsha enikezela ngekhwalithi efana ne-JPEG kwisiqingatha sobukhulu befayile, isetyenziswa ngakumbi ziikhamera zanamhlanje kunye nee-smartphones zokufota umtshato.
- Umlinganiselo ongcono womgangatho ukuya kubungakanani kuneJPEG
- Ixhasa ubunzulu bombala we-16-bit kwimibala etyebileyo
- Isetyenziswa zizixhobo ze-Apple kunye neefowuni ezintsha ze-Android
- Umgangatho osakhulayo wokugcinwa kweefoto ngokufanelekileyo
Ngelixa i-HEIF ibonelela ngezibonelelo, ukuhambelana kuhlala kuqwalaselwa. Uninzi lwabafoti bomtshato ngoku bahambisa ngeJPEG okanye RAW +JPEG ukuqinisekisa ukufikeleleka jikelele.
iPNG ifomathi
I-PNG (Portable Network Graphics) inikezela ngoxinzelelo olungenalahleko kunye nenkxaso yokungafihli, iyenza ibe ntle kakhulu kwiifoto zomtshato ezifuna imvelaphi ecacileyo okanye imizobo yewebhu.
- Uxinzelelo olungenalahleko lugcina umgangatho womfanekiso
- Ixhasa ukungafihli kokwaleka kunye noyilo lwedijithali
- Ifanelekile kwiiwebhusayithi zomtshato kunye nemizobo yedijithali
- Ingcono kwimifanekiso ebhaliweyo okanye imigca ebukhali
Ngelixa ingasetyenziswanga ukuhambisa iigalari zomtshato ezigcweleyo, iPNG igqwesile kwiiwebhusayithi zomtshato, amakhadi okubulela, kunye nezibhengezo zedijithali ezithathwe kwiifoto zakho zomtshato.
Isisombululo sokufota kunye neSikhokelo sobungakanani
Ukuqonda isisombululo somfanekiso kunye nobukhulu buqinisekisa ukuba iifoto zakho zomtshato zinokuboniswa ngokufanelekileyo, kwabelwana ngazo, kwaye ziprintwe kubungakanani obahlukeneyo ngelixa ugcina umgangatho.
Isisombululo esisemgangathweni (8-12 Megapixels)
Ifanelekile ukwabelana ngemidiya yoluntu, ukujonga idijithali, kunye nokuprinta ukuya kwi-8 × 10 intshi. Uninzi lwee-smartphones kunye neekhamera zenqanaba lokungena zibamba kolu luhlu lwesisombululo, olwaneleyo kwiifoto zondwendwe zomtshato eziqhelekileyo.
Ubungakanani befayile buqala ukusuka kwi-1-5MB ngomfanekiso weJPEG. Ngelixa zanele iinjongo zemihla ngemihla, ukufotwa komtshato kobuchwephesha ngokuqhelekileyo kuyasidlula esi sigqibo ukuze kuvunyelwe ukunqunyulwa kunye noshicilelo olukhulu.
Isisombululo esiphezulu (16-24 Megapixels)
Uninzi lwabafoti bomtshato abaqeqeshiweyo bahambisa imifanekiso kolu luhlu lwesisombululo, lulungele ukuprinta ukuya kuthi ga kwi-intshi ye-16 × 20 kunye nee-albhamu zomtshato. Esi sisombululo sinika iinkcukacha ezigqwesileyo ngelixa ugcina ubungakanani beefayile ezilawulekayo.
Iifayile ziqhele ukuqala kwi-5-15MB ngomfanekiso weJPEG. Esi sigqibo sibonelela ngolungelelwaniso olugqwesileyo phakathi komgangatho kunye nokusebenza kuninzi lweenjongo zokufota ngomtshato, okuvumela ukulima okuphakathi kunye nokwandiswa.
Isisombululo esiPhezulu kakhulu (30-50+ Megapixels)
Isetyenziswa ngabafoti bomtshato abakwisiphelo esiphezulu kwiinkcukacha eziphezulu, ukuguquguquka okubanzi kokusikwa, kunye noshicilelo lwefomathi enkulu. Ezi zisombululo zinokuvelisa ukwandiswa komgangatho wegalari kunye nobukhulu obuseludongeni beprinta ngokucaca okukhethekileyo.
Iifayile ngokuqhelekileyo ziqala kwi-15-40MB ngomfanekiso weJPEG, kunye neefayile ze-RAW ezifikelela kwi-50-100MB nganye. Ngelixa unikezela ngekhwalithi ephezulu, ezi fayile ezinkulu zifuna indawo yokugcina ebalulekileyo kunye neekhompyuter ezinamandla kakhulu zokuhlela.
Iingcebiso zobungakanani boshicilelo
Ngowona mgangatho ulungileyo wokuprintwa kwefoto yomtshato, qwalasela ezi zikhokelo zesisombululo zincinci:
- 4×6″ ushicilelo: 2 megapixels (1600×1200 ipixels)
- 8×10″ ushicilelo: 5 megapixels (2400×3000 ipixels)
- 11×14″ iprints: 10 megapixels (3300×4200 pixels)
- 16×20″ ushicilelo: 20 megapixels (4800×6000 pixels)
- 20×30″ ushicilelo: 30+ megapixels (6000×9000 ipixels)
- Iziboniso ezinkulu zodonga: 50+ megapixels
Iifomathi zeVidiyo yoMtshato kunye neMigangatho
Iifomathi zeFayile zeVidiyo yoMtshato
Ifomathi yefayile yevidiyo imisela ukuhambelana, umgangatho, kunye nobukhulu bomdlalo wakho womtshato. Ifomathi nganye ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo.
Ubume beMP4
IMP4 yeyona fomati isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiividiyo zomtshato, ibonelela ngomgangatho ogqwesileyo wokulinganisa ubungakanani kunye nokuhambelana kwendalo kwizixhobo kunye namaqonga.
- Umgangatho woshishino wokuhanjiswa kweevidiyo zedijithali
- Uxinzelelo olugqwesileyo olunomgangatho omncinci welahleko
- Ixhasa ii-codecs ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya i-H.264 kunye ne-H.265 / HEVC
- Iyahambelana nazo zonke izixhobo zale mihla kunye namaqonga
I-MP4 isebenzisa i-codec ye-H.264 yoxinzelelo, ehambisa umgangatho obalaseleyo kwiisayizi zefayile ezifanelekileyo. Uninzi lweevidiyo zomtshato zihambisa iividiyo zokugqibela ngefomathi yeMP4 ukuze zijongwe ngokulula kunye nokwabelana.
Ubume be-MOV
I-MOV yifomati ye-Apple’s QuickTime, edla ngokusetyenziswa ngabachwephesha beevidiyo zomtshato abadubula kwiiCanon DSLRs okanye izixhobo zeApple.
- Ifomathi yomgangatho ophezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluhle
- Ifomati yemveli yeekhamera ezininzi zobuchwephesha
- Igqwesileyo yokuhlela kunye nemveliso yasemva
- Ukuhambelana komthungo kunye nezixhobo ze-Apple
Ngelixa iifayile ze-MOV zisebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kwiinkqubo zeMac, zinokufuna isoftwe eyongezelelweyo okanye uguqulelo lwabasebenzisi abathile beWindows. Uninzi lwabathwebuli bevidiyo babamba kwi-MOV kodwa bazise iimveliso zokugqibela kwiifomathi zendalo iphela njengeMP4.
Ubume beMKV
I-MKV (Ividiyo kaMatroska) yifomathi yesikhongozeli esivulelekileyo esinokubamba iividiyo ezininzi, iaudio, kunye neengoma ezingezantsi kwifayile enye, enikezela ukuguquguquka kweevidiyo zomtshato ezinzima.
- Ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kunye neengoma ezininzi zeaudio / ezingezantsi
- Ixhasa zonke iikhowudi zevidiyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu
- Ifanelekile kwiividiyo zomtshato zeelwimi ezininzi
- Ifomati yemithombo evulekileyo engenazithintelo zelayisensi
Ngelixa unikezela ngezibonelelo zobugcisa, i-MKV inokuhambelana okulinganiselweyo kuneMP4. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kuhlelo lwangaphakathi okanye iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zokuhanjiswa endaweni yokuhanjiswa kwevidiyo yomtshato eqhelekileyo.
Ubume beAVI
I-AVI (I-Audio Video Interleave) yifomathi endala kaMicrosoft esasetyenziswa ngabanye abathwebuli bevidiyo bomtshato, ngakumbi xa usebenza ngeenkqubo ezithile zokuhlela ezisekwe kwiWindows.
- Iyahambelana ngokubanzi neenkqubo zeWindows
- Ixhasa ividiyo engaxinzelelwanga kumgangatho ophezulu
- Ulwakhiwo olulula luyenza ithembeke ekudlalweni kwakhona
- Isebenza kunye nesoftware yokudlala ividiyo endala
Iifayile ze-AVI zithande ukuba nkulu kuneefomati zangoku njengeMP4 xa zikumgangatho olinganayo. Ngelixa isaxhaswa, i-AVI ngokuthe ngcembe ithatyathelwa indawo ziifomathi ezisebenzayo zokuhanjiswa kwevidiyo yomtshato.
Ubume beProRes
I-Apple ProRes yi-codec yobuchwephesha esetyenziswa ngokukodwa ngexesha lokuhlela kunye nesigaba sokuvelisa emva kweevidiyo zomtshato, ezinikezela umgangatho ophezulu kunye nobukhulu beefayile ezifanelekileyo.
- Umgangatho wobuchwephesha wokuhlelwa
- Amanqanaba oxinzelelo amaninzi akhoyo
- Ukuveliswa kombala okugqwesileyo kunye neenkcukacha
- Umgangatho weshishini wemveliso yasemva
Iifayile zeProRes ziqhelekile ukuba zikhulu kakhulu kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu ziingcali ngexesha lokuhlela endaweni yokuhanjiswa kokugqibela kubathengi. Umzobi wevidiyo yomtshato wakho unokusebenza kwiiProRes kodwa uya kuhambisa ividiyo yakho yokugqibela ngeMP4 okanye ifomathi efanayo.
ImiGangatho yokuSombulula iVidiyo yoMtshato
Isisombululo sevidiyo simisela ukucaca kunye neenkcukacha zemifanekiso yomtshato wakho. Izisombululo eziphezulu zinika iinkcukacha ezithe kratya kodwa zifuna indawo yokugcina kunye namandla okusebenza.
IHD epheleleyo (1080p)
Isisombululo esipheleleyo se-HD (i-1920 × 1080 pixels) ibe ngumgangatho weevidiyo zomtshato iminyaka emininzi. Inika ukucaca okugqwesileyo ngelixa igcina ubungakanani beefayile ezifanelekileyo, iyenza ifikeleleke kuninzi lwezibini ezitshatileyo.
Ividiyo yemizuzu emi-3 ukuya kweyesi-5 egqamisa yomtshato kwi-1080p inokuba yi-300-500MB ngobukhulu xa icinezelwe ngokufanelekileyo, ngelixa ukurekhoda okugcweleyo kusenokuba yi-1-2GB. Esi sigqibo sisebenza kakuhle kwiiTV ezininzi, iikhompyuter, kunye nezixhobo eziphathwayo.
I-4K Ultra HD
Isisombululo se-4K (i-3840 × 2160 pixels) inikezela ngokuphindwe kane iinkcukacha ze-Full HD, ithatha iinkcukacha ezintsonkothileyo zosuku lwakho lomtshato ngokucaca okumangalisayo. Uninzi lweevidiyo zomtshato ezichwephesha ngoku zibonelela nge-4K njengomgangatho okanye ukhetho lweprimiyamu.
Iividiyo zomtshato ze-4K zifuna indawo yokugcina ngaphezulu-ngokuqhelekileyo i-2-3GB yevidiyo yemizuzu emi-5 eqaqambileyo kunye ne-8-15GB yomsitho opheleleyo. Isisombululo esongezelelweyo sinika ukuguquguquka okukhulu kokunqampuna kunye nobungqina bexesha elizayo iinkumbulo zakho zomtshato njengoko imiboniso ye-4K iya ixhaphake.
I-8K Ultra HD
Isisombululo se-8K (iipikseli ezingama-7680 × 4320) simele umda osikiweyo wevidiyo yomtshato, ukuthabatha iinkcukacha ezikhethekileyo kunye nokuvumela ukulima okugqithisileyo kunye nokuhlengahlengiswa kwimveliso yasemva ngaphandle kokuphulukana nomgangatho.
Ngelixa i-8K ibonelela ngomgangatho omangalisayo, idala iifayile ezinkulu kakhulu (imizuzu emi-5 ebalaseleyo inokuba yi-10-15GB) kwaye ifuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokurekhodwa nokujongwa. Okwangoku ibonelelwa ikakhulu ngabathwebuli bevidiyo bomtshato abakwisiphelo esiphezulu, i-8K iya ifikeleleka ngakumbi njengoko iteknoloji ihambela phambili.
I-HD esemgangathweni (720p)
I-Standard HD (i-1280×720 pixels) yifomathi endala esenokusetyenziselwa imijelo yomtshato ephilayo okanye ukhetho olukhawulezayo lokwabelana, kodwa ijongwa ngokubanzi ngezantsi kwemigangatho yangoku yokugqunywa kwevidiyo yomtshato.
Ngelixa i-720p ivelisa iifayile ezincinci ekulula ukwabelana ngazo (ividiyo yemizuzu emi-5 inokuba yi-100-200MB kuphela), umgangatho osezantsi obonakalayo wenza ukuba ingalungeli kakhulu ukugcina iinkumbulo zomtshato ezibalulekileyo xa kuthelekiswa ne-Full HD okanye iinketho ze-4K.
Iifomathi zeVidiyo zoMtshato ezikhethekileyo
Ngaphaya kweefomathi eziqhelekileyo zedijithali, iifomathi ezininzi zevidiyo ezikhethekileyo zibonelela ngeempawu zobuhle ezizodwa kwiinkumbulo zomtshato.
Super 8mm ifilimu
Ifilim yeSuper 8mm ibonelela ngobuhle obungathandekiyo, obudala obufumana ukuvuselelwa kwividiyo yomtshato, inika inkangeleko engapheliyo, yothando.
- I-aesthetic ye-vintage eyinyani ayinakuphinda iphindwe ngokugqibeleleyo ngezihluzi
- Ukufudumala, inkangeleko ekhonkoni idala imifanekiso eshukumayo, engaphelelwa lixesha
- Ifilimu idla ngokufakwa ekhompyutheni ukuze ijongwe kunye nokwabelana
- Ihlala idityaniswa nevidiyo yedijithali yokugubungela umxube
Ngelixa zibiza kakhulu kwaye zinqongophele ixesha kunokurekhoda kwedijithali, ifilimu ye-Super 8mm ibonelela ngenkangeleko eyahlukileyo ethi izibini ezininzi zikhethe ukuqaqambisa iireli okanye njengezalisa kugutyulo lwedijithali.
360 ° ividiyo
Ividiyo ye-360 ° ibamba umtshato wakho wonke kuzo zonke ii-engile ngaxeshanye, ivumela ababukeli ukuba bajonge kulo naliphi na icala ngexesha lokudlala ukuze bafumane amava antywilayo.
- Ibamba indawo yonke, hayi nje into ephambi kwekhamera
- Ilungele ukuzimasa okoko kwiindwendwe ezingakwazanga ukubakho
- Ngokuqhelekileyo ijongwa kwii-smartphones, ii-headset ze-VR, okanye ii-web player ezisebenzisanayo
- Yenza inkumbulo enzulu yosuku lwakho lomtshato
Iividiyo zomtshato ze-360 ° zihanjiswa ngokwesiqhelo njengeefayile zeMP4 ezinemethadatha ekhethekileyo eyenza amava okujonga okusebenzisanayo. Zinokwabelwana ngazo kwiiplatifti ezifana neYouTube kunye ne-Facebook ezixhasa ukudlala kwe-360 °.
Ividiyo ethe nkqo
Ividiyo ethe nkqo (9:16 umyinge we-aspect ratio) ifomathiwe ngokukodwa ukuba ijongwe ngokufanelekileyo kwii-smartphones kunye namaqonga eendaba ezentlalo anje ngamabali e-Instagram, TikTok, kunye ne-Snapchat.
- Ilungele ukwabelana ngemidiya yoluntu yeembalasane zomtshato
- Ilungiselelwe indlela abantu abaninzi abazibamba ngayo iifowuni zabo
- Idla ngokuyilwa njengeqabane lemifanekiso yemveli ethe tye
- Inikwa ngokwandayo ngabathwebuli bevidiyo bomtshato njengebhonasi
Uninzi lweevidiyo zomtshato ngoku zibonelela ngohlelo lwevidiyo oluthe nkqo ngokukodwa ekwabelwana ngalo kumajelo eendaba ezentlalo, okuvumela izibini ukuba zibe nokwabelana ngokulula ngezinto ezintle, ezifomathwe ngokufanelekileyo kumaqonga apho abahlobo kunye nosapho basebenza kakhulu.
Ividiyo eSlow Motion
Imifanekiso eshukumayo ecothayo (ethathwe kwi-60-240 yefreyimu ngomzuzwana) yenza okumangalisayo, amaxesha ovakalelo ngokucothisa amagqabantshintshi omtshato afana nokuncamisa kokuqala, umdaniso wokuqala, okanye amaxesha okubhiyoza.
- Yenza okumangalisayo, imiboniso bhanyabhanya ukuziva ngamaxesha ovakalelo
- Ifuna iikhamera ezikhethekileyo ezikwaziyo ukuba neereyithi eziphezulu zesakhelo
- Ngokuqhelekileyo zidityaniswe nesantya esiqhelekileyo sevidiyo kuhlelo lokugqibela
- Ityhila iinkcukacha ezintle ezingabonakali ngesantya esiqhelekileyo
Imifanekiso eshukumayo ecothayo ihlala idityaniswa kwividiyo yakho yomtshato ephambili kunokuba ihanjiswe njengefomathi eyahlukileyo. Isantya esiphezulu sokubanjwa kwesakhelo sivumela ukudlala ngokutyibilikayo xa kuthotywa ngexesha lokuhlela.
Ukuhanjiswa kwemidiya yomtshato kunye noKhetho lokuGcina
Iifoto kunye neeVideos zoMtshato zihanjiswa njani
Abafoti bomtshato banamhlanje kunye nabathwebuli bevidiyo banikezela ngeendlela ezininzi zokuhambisa iinkumbulo zakho ezixabisekileyo, nganye ineengenelo ezahlukeneyo zokufikelela, ukwabelana kunye nokugcinwa kogcino.
Igalari ekwi-Intanethi kunye noKhuphelo lweDijithali
Uninzi lwabafoti kunye nabathwebuli bevidiyo ngoku bahambisa imidiya yomtshato ngeegalari ezikhuselweyo ze-intanethi ezivumela ukujongwa ngokulula, ukwabelana kunye nokukhuphela.
- Ukufikelela ngoko nangoko ngaphandle kokulinda imidiya ebonakalayo
- Ukwabelana ngokulula nabahlobo kunye nosapho ngekhonkco okanye igama eliyimfihlo
- Khuphela iinketho zeefayile ezinesisombululo esiphezulu
- Ihlala ibandakanya ushicilelo oluthe ngqo kunye neenketho zokuodola imveliso
Iigalari ezikwi-Intanethi zihlala zifikeleleka kangangeenyanga ezi-6-12, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukukhuphela nokugcina iifayile zakho phambi kokuba igalari iphelelwe lixesha. Uninzi lweegalari zixhasa ukukhutshelwa komntu ngamnye kunye nesixa esikhulu semidiya yakho yomtshato.
Idrayivu ye-USB kunye neMidiya yoMzimba
Ukuhanjiswa ngokwasemzimbeni ngee-USB ezilungiselelweyo okanye ii-hard drives eziphathwayo zibonelela ngogcino olubambekayo oluqulathe ingqokelela yakho yomtshato epheleleyo kwisisombululo esiphezulu.
- Ukugcinwa kwezinto eziphathekayo rhoqo kwiipakethe eziqhelekileyo
- Ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle koqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi
- Umthamo ophezulu weefayile ze-RAW kunye nevidiyo ye-4K
- Isipho esihonjisiweyo sogcino olusisigxina
Ngelixa imidiya ebonakalayo ibonelela ngokugcinwa okumnandi, iidrive ze-USB kunye nee-hard drives zinokusilela ekuhambeni kwexesha, ke ugcino olongezelelweyo lusacetyiswa. Uninzi lwezibini ezitshatileyo ziyakuxabisa ukuba nazo zombini ukuhanjiswa kwe-intanethi kunye nokhetho lwemithombo yeendaba.
Ii-Apps eziphathwayo kunye neeAlbham ezihlakaniphile
Abanye abafoti bomtshato kunye nabathwebuli bevidiyo banikezela ngee -apps ezizinikezelweyo zeselfowuni okanye amava e-albhamu ahlakaniphile enzelwe ukubukela imidiya yakho yomtshato kwii-smartphones kunye neetafile.
- Ilungiselelwe amava okujongwa ngeselula
- Iimpawu ezisebenzayo ezifana nokumakisha okuthandayo kunye nokuphawula
- Ukwabelana ngokulula kwemidiya yoluntu ngqo kwi-app
- Ihlala ibandakanya iimpawu zomboniso wesilayidi nomculo
Ii-apps eziphathwayo zibonelela ngendlela efanelekileyo yokuhlala uneenkumbulo zomtshato wakho, kodwa awuthathi ndawo ukhutshelwe isisombululo esipheleleyo. Zijongwa ngcono njengendlela yokuhambisa ehambelanayo yokujonga nje kunye nokwabelana.
IDVD kunye neBlu-ray
Ngelixa kunqabile ngoku, ezinye izibini zisacela iiDVD okanye ii-Blu-ray discs zeevidiyo zomtshato, ngakumbi ngokwabelana nezalamane ezikhulileyo ezinokungakhululeki ngokuhambisa idijithali.
- Ifomathi eqhelekileyo kuzo zonke izizukulwana
- Akukho intanethi ifunekayo ukuze ujongwe
- Iimenyu eziqhelekileyo kunye nokukhangela kwisahluko
- Iikopi ezininzi zinokwabelana ngokulula nosapho
I-DVD inikezela ngomgangatho wenkcazo esemgangathweni kuphela, ngelixa i-Blu-ray ixhasa i-Full HD (1080p). Akukho nanye ifomathi exhasa isisombululo se-4K, ngoko ke abathwebuli bevidiyo bahlala bebonelela ngoku kunye nokuhanjiswa kwedijithali kwizibini ezifuna olona mgangatho uphezulu.
Iingcebiso zokuGcinwa kwexesha elide
Ukugcina ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuxhasa imidiya yakho yomtshato kuqinisekisa ukuba ezi nkumbulo ezingenakubuyiselwa zihlala zifikeleleka kumashumi eminyaka ezayo, nanjengoko itekhnoloji itshintsha.
Isicwangciso se-3-2-1 se-Backup
Ukuze ukhuseleke ngokugqibeleleyo iinkumbulo zomtshato wakho, landela umthetho ogcina i-3-2-1: gcina iikopi ezi-3 zeefayile zakho, kwiindidi ezi-2 ezahlukeneyo zemidiya, kunye nekopi enye egcinwe ngaphandle kwendawo okanye efini.
- Ikopi yokuqala: I-hard drive yangaphandle okanye ikhompyuter yakho
- Ikopi yesibini: Indawo eyahlukileyo yomzimba (i-USB drive)
- Ikopi yesithathu: Inkonzo yokugcina ifu
Esi sicwangciso sikhusela ekungaphumeleli kwe-hardware, ukucima ngengozi, umonakalo womzimba, kunye neminye imiba enokuthi ikhokelele kwiinkumbulo ezilahlekileyo.
Iinketho zokuGcinwa kwamafu
Ugcino lwamafu lubonelela ngenkxaso ethembekileyo, efikelelekayo kwimidiya yakho yomtshato ekhuselweyo kwiintlekele zasekhaya kunye nokusilela kwehardware.
- I-Google Drive / Iifoto: Igqwesileyo kwiifoto, ezidityaniswe ne-Android
- I-Dropbox: Ilungele zombini iifoto kunye neevidiyo
- iCloud: Ayinamthungo ngezixhobo zeApple
- Iinkonzo ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-Backblaze okanye iCarbonite
Kwiividiyo zomtshato (ingakumbi i-4K), qinisekisa imigaqo-nkqubo yenkonzo kwimida yobungakanani befayile kunye noxinzelelo lwevidiyo, njengoko ezinye iinkonzo zicinezela iividiyo, ukunciphisa umgangatho.
IMedia yoGcino lwePhysical
Ugcino oluphathekayo lubonelela ngenkxaso ebambekayo engaxhomekekanga kwiinkonzo zorhumo okanye ukufikelela kwi-intanethi.
- hard drive zangaphandle: Umthamo ophezulu, uyafikeleleka
- I-Solid state drives (SSDs): Ngokukhawuleza, ixesha elide, kodwa ixabiso
- I-Archival-grade optical discs: iminyaka eyi-50 + yokuphila
- Ukugcinwa okuqhotyoshelwe kwinethiwekhi (NAS): Isisombululo seseva yasekhaya
Imidiya ebonakalayo kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo elawulwa yimozulu kude nemagnethi, ukufuma, kunye nobushushu obugqithisileyo. Buyisela yonke imithombo yogcino lwenyama rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-5-7 ukunqanda ukulahleka kwedatha ekuthotyweni.
Shicilela izinto ozithandayo
Mhlawumbi ngokuphikisanayo, ukuprinta iifoto zakho zomtshato ozithandayo kunika enye yezona ndlela zizinzileyo kunye neteknoloji-ezimeleyo yokugcinwa.
- Iialbham zomtshato zobuchwephesha ezinoshicilelo olukumgangatho we-archival
- Ushicilelo olukwibakala logcino lwazi lwefreyimu okanye ugcino
- Iibhokisi zeefoto ezinezixhobo zokugcina ezingena-asidi
- Sebenzisa iilebhu zobungcali zoshicilelo oluhlala ixesha elide
Ushicilelo olukwizinga eliphezulu lunokuhlala iminyaka eyi-100+ xa lugcinwe ngokufanelekileyo, luhlala luphuma kwimidiya yokugcina yedijithali. Bakwabonelela ngoqhagamshelo olubambekayo kwiinkumbulo zakho ukuba iifayile zedijithali zizodwa azikwazi ukuhambelana.
Uthelekiso lweFomathi kunye neSikhokelo soKhetho
Ukukhetha iiFomathi zokuFota eziLungileyo
Xa uxoxa ngokhetho kunye nomfoti wakho womtshato, qwalasela ezi ngcebiso zefomathi ezisekelwe kwiimfuno zakho ezithile kunye nezinto eziphambili.
Igqibelele kuMgangatho oPhezulu kunye nokuguquguquka
Kwizibini ezifuna owona mgangatho uphezulu unokwenzeka kunye nokuguquguquka okukhulu okuhlela:
- Ifomathi yokuqala: Iifayile zeRAW
- Ifomathi yesibini: IiJPEGs ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu
- Isisombululo: Esona sikhoyo siphezulu (ngokuqhelekileyo 24MP+)
- Imfuneko yokugcina: 500GB-1TB yomtshato opheleleyo
Olu khetho lubonelela ngesona sisombululo sobungqina bexesha elizayo, sivumela ukuhlelwa okubanzi kunye noshicilelo lwefomati enkulu ngoku nakwixesha elizayo. Iifayile zeRAW zifuna isoftware ekhethekileyo efana neAdobe Lightroom okanye Capture One ukujonga kwaye uhlele.
Ibhalansi egqwesileyo yoMgangatho kunye nokuLula
Kwizibini ezifuna umgangatho obalaseleyo ngokuphathwa ngokulula kunye nokwabelana:
- Ifomathi esisiseko: IiJPEGs ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu (300dpi)
- Ifomathi yesibini: Web-optimized JPEGs ukwenzela ukwabelana
- Isisombululo: 16-24MP ngokuqhelekileyo yanele
- Imfuneko yokugcina: 15-30GB yomtshato opheleleyo
Olu khetho lubonelela ngomgangatho ogqwesileyo wee-albhamu kunye noshicilelo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-16×20 intshi ngelixa kulula ukuyibona, ukwabelana, kunye nokugcina. Uninzi lwabafoti lubandakanya oku njengephakheji yabo yokuhambisa eqhelekileyo.
Eyona ilungileyo kwimidiya yoluntu kunye nokwabelana ngeDijithali
Kwizibini ezijongene nokwabelana nge-intanethi kunye nomboniso wedijithali:
- Ifomathi yokuqala: IiJPEGs zeWeb-optimized (1-2MB nganye)
- Isisombululo: 2000-3000 pixels kwelona cala lide
- Ezongezelelweyo: Iinguqulelo ezisikwe kwisikwere se-Instagram
- Imfuneko yokugcina: 2-5GB yomtshato opheleleyo
Ngelixa ilungele ukwabelana, le fomati iyodwa inqanda iinketho zoshicilelo lwexesha elizayo kunye noguqulo lokuhlela. Uninzi lwabafoti lubandakanya iikopi eziphuculweyo zewebhu ecaleni kweefayile ezinesisombululo esiphezulu kunokuba kuphela kwendlela yokuhambisa.
Ukukhetha iiFomathi zeVidiyo eziLungileyo
Xa uxoxa ngeenketho kunye nomdwebi wevidiyo womtshato wakho, qwalasela ezi ngcebiso zefomathi ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zakho kunye nezinto eziphambili.
Igqibelele kuMgangatho oPhezulu kunye nobungqina bexesha elizayo
Kwizibini ezifuna owona mgangatho uphezulu kunye neefilimu zomtshato ezinobungqina bexesha elizayo:
- Isisombululo: 4K Ultra HD (3840×2160)
- Ifomathi yefayile: MP4 enekhowudi ye-H.265/HEVC
- Umlinganiselo weBit: Phezulu (50-100 Mbps)
- Imfuneko yokugcina: 10-30GB yefilimu eqaqambileyo
Olu khetho lubonelela ngeenkcukacha ezothusayo kwaye luvumela ukwakheka ngokutsha, ukunqampuna, kunye noguqulo lwexesha elizayo njengoko imigangatho iguquka. Ngelixa ifuna indawo yokugcina engaphezulu, imifanekiso ye-4K ihambisa umgangatho okhethekileyo oya kuhlala unomtsalane kwiminyaka ezayo.
Eyona Ibhalansi yoMgangatho kunye nokuYabelana
Kwizibini ezifuna umgangatho obalaseleyo ngokuhambelana okubanzi:
- Isisombululo: IHD epheleleyo (1920×1080)
- Ifomathi yefayile: MP4 enekhowudi ye-H.264
- Umlinganiselo weBit: Phakathi-Phakamileyo (15-30 Mbps)
- Imfuneko yokugcina: 3-8GB yefilimu eqaqambileyo
Olu khetho lubonelela ngomgangatho ogqwesileyo obonakala ulungile kwiiTV ezininzi kunye nezixhobo ngelixa ugcina ukuhambelana okubanzi. I-HD epheleleyo enexabiso elincinci elihle isazisa iifilimu ezintle zomtshato ngelixa kulula ukwabelana kunye nokugcina.
Eyona ilungileyo kwimidiya yoluntu kunye nokwabelana
Kumaqabane agxile ekwabelaneni ngokulula kumaqonga amaninzi:
- Iifomati ezininzi: Ukuthe tye, nkqo (9:16), kunye nesikwere
- Isisombululo: I-HD epheleleyo okanye i-720p (iqonga lilungiselelwe)
- Ifomathi yefayile: MP4 ene-codec ye-H.264, elungiselelwe
- Ukuhanjiswa: Amakhonkco okulayisha ngokuthe ngqo kwiqonga ngalinye
Olu khetho lubonelela ngeenguqulelo ezilungiselelwe iqonga lomtshato wakho we-Instagram, TikTok, Facebook, kunye nezinye iinethiwekhi zentlalo. Uninzi lwabathwebuli bevidiyo banikezela ezi zinto njengezinto ezongezelelweyo ezinokuhanjiswa ecaleni kweefomathi ezisemgangathweni kunokuba ibe yodwa ukhetho.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Ngaba ndingacela iifoto ze-RAW kumfoti womtshato wam?
Ngelixa iifayile ze-RAW zibonelela ngomgangatho ophezulu kunye nokuguquguquka kokuhlela, uninzi lwabafoti abazibandakanyi kwiipakethe eziqhelekileyo ngezizathu ezininzi: zifuna isoftware ekhethekileyo ukuze ijonge kwaye ihlele, ithathe indawo yokugcina ebalulekileyo, kwaye imele umsebenzi ongagqitywanga. Ukuba unamava ngokuhlelwa kweefoto okanye ufuna oovimba bobungqina bexesha elizayo, xoxa ngokuhanjiswa kwefayile ye-RAW kunye nomfoti wakho—edla ngokufumaneka njengokhetho lweprimiyamu. Kungenjalo, iiJPEGs ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu zanele iimfuno zezibini ezininzi.
Ngaba ividiyo ye-4K ixabisa iindleko ezongezelelweyo zevidiyo yomtshato?
Ividiyo ye-4K iya ixabisa utyalo-mali lwevidiyo yomtshato. Ibamba iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu kune-Full HD, evumela ukunqanyulwa kunye nokuhlengahlengiswa ngaphandle kokulahleka komgangatho. Njengoko imiboniso ye-4K ixhaphake ngakumbi ezindlini, ukuba nomtshato wakho kwi-4K kuqinisekisa ukuba kukhangeleka kunomtsalane kwizikrini zangoku. Umahluko wamaxabiso wehlile kwiminyaka yakutshanje njengoko i-4K iba sisixhobo esiqhelekileyo seevidiyo ezichwepheshile. Kwiminyhadala eyenzeka kanye ebomini njengemitshato, isisombululo esiphezulu sinceda ubungqina beenkumbulo zakho kumashumi eminyaka ezayo.
Zingaphi iifoto zomtshato endifanele ndilindele ukuzifumana?
Inani leefoto zomtshato ezizisiweyo liyahluka ngokubanzi ngokuxhomekeke kwiiyure zokugubungela, inani labafoti, kunye nesitayile sokufota. Ngomtshato wosuku olupheleleyo (iiyure ze-8-10) kunye nomfoti omnye, lindela i-400-800 imifanekiso ehleliweyo. Ngomfoti wesibini, oku kuhlala kunyuka ukuya kwiifoto ezingama-600-1000+. Abafoti besitayile soxwebhu badla ngokuzisa imifanekiso emininzi kunaleyo banendlela yobugcisa egcinwe ngaphezulu. Endaweni yokujonga ubuninzi kuphela, xoxa nomfoti wakho ukubala kwabo okuqhelekileyo kunye nendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba isitayile sabo siyahambelana nolindelo lwakho.
Ividiyo yam yomtshato kufuneka ibe yede kangakanani?
Iividiyo zomtshato ziza ngobude obahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwefilimu. Imiboniso bhanyabhanya ebalaseleyo idla ngokuqhuba imizuzu emi-3 ukuya kweli-10 kwaye ibambe eyona nto iphambili yosuku kwi-cinematic, ifomathi ekwabelwana ngayo. Iifilimu ezifakiweyo ziqhuba imizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30 ngokugubungela ngokupheleleyo amaxesha abalulekileyo. Ukuhlelwa koxwebhu kunokuba yimizuzu engama-60-90+, kuquka umsitho kunye neentetho ngokupheleleyo. Izibini ezininzi zikhetha iipakethi ezibandakanya ubude bevidiyo ezininzi-ifilimu emfutshane ebonisa ukwabelana kunye noguqulelo olude lokujonga umntu. Xoxa ngezinto ozikhethayo kunye nomzobi wevidiyo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba imveliso yokugqibela iyahlangabezana nolindelo lwakho.
Kufuneka ndigcine ixesha elingakanani iigalari ze-intanethi phambi kokukhuphela?
Uninzi lwabafoti babonelela ngokufikelela kwigalari ye-intanethi kwiinyanga ze-6-12, nangona imigaqo-nkqubo iyahluka ngokubanzi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba awuphulukani nokufikelela kwimifanekiso yomtshato wakho, khuphela zonke iifayile ezinesisombululo esiphezulu ngokukhawuleza emva kokufumana ikhonkco lakho legalari-ngokufanelekileyo kwinyanga yokuqala. Musa ukuthembela kuphela kwigalari ye-intanethi yokugcina ixesha elide, njengoko ezi zijongwe njengeendlela zokuhambisa nokwabelana endaweni yogcino olusisigxina. Emva kokukhuphela, yenza i-backup ngokukhawuleza iifoto zakho zomtshato ngokulandela i-3-2-1 isicwangciso sokugcina ukukhusela ezi nkumbulo ezingenakubuyiselwa.
Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwe-H.264 kunye ne-H.265 yeekhowudi zevidiyo?
I-H.264 kunye ne-H.265 (HEVC) yimigangatho yoxinzelelo lwevidiyo echaphazela ubungakanani befayile kunye nomgangatho. I-H.264 ngumgangatho ohambelana ngokubanzi osetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa kweevidiyo ezininzi, oxhaswa phantse zizo zonke izixhobo kunye namaqonga. I-H.265 / HEVC yintsha, inikezela malunga ne-50% yoxinzelelo olungcono-ithetha umgangatho ofanayo kwisiqingatha sobukhulu befayile, okanye umgangatho ongcono kwisayizi efanayo. Nangona kunjalo, i-H.265 idinga amandla angaphezulu okusebenza kwaye inokuhambelana okulinganiselweyo kunye nezixhobo ezindala. Kwiividiyo zomtshato, i-H.264 iqinisekisa ukuhambelana okudlalwayo okubanzi, ngelixa i-H.265 ingcono kumxholo we-4K apho ukunciphisa ubungakanani befayile buxabisekile.
Ngaba kufuneka ndibe nomfoti wesibini okanye umzobi wevidiyo emtshatweni wam?
Umfoti wesibini okanye umfoti wevidiyo uphucula kakhulu ukhuselo lomtshato ngokubamba ii-engile ezininzi, iindawo, kunye neembono ngaxeshanye. Ukufota, umdubuli wesibini unokuthatha amalungiselelo omyeni ngelixa umfoti ophambili ekunye nomtshakazi, okanye impendulo yeendwendwe ngexesha lomsitho. Kwividiyo, ii-engile ezininzi zenza umsitho kunye neentetho zibe namandla ngakumbi ngelixa uqinisekisa ukuba akukho nto iphoswayo. Ukuba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakho luvumela, ingcali yesibini ibaluleke kakhulu kwimitshato emikhulu (iindwendwe ezili-100+), iindawo ezineendawo ezininzi, okanye amaxesha axinzelelweyo apho amaxesha abalulekileyo ayenzeka ngaxeshanye.
Ndingazigcina njani iifoto zomtshato kunye neevidiyo zezizukulwana ezizayo?
Ukugcinwa kwexesha elide ngokwenene leenkumbulo zomtshato, sebenzisa indlela enemigangatho emininzi: gcina inkqubo yokugcina i-3-2-1 (iikopi ezi-3 kwiindidi ezi-2 ezahlukeneyo zeendaba kunye ne-1 ngaphandle kwendawo); fuduka iifayile kwimidiya entsha yokugcina yonke iminyaka eyi-5-7 njengoko iteknoloji iguquka; printa iifoto ezibalulekileyo kwiphepha le-archival kunye nevenkile kwii-albhamu ezingenayo i-asidi; qwalasela iinkonzo zogcino-mpepha ezisebenza ngogcino lwedijithali lwexesha elide; kwaye ngamaxesha athile uqinisekise zonke iikopi ezigcinayo zihlala zifikeleleka kwaye zingonakaliswa. Iifomathi zedijithali ziyatshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngoko ke uguqulo lwefomathi ngamaxesha athile lunokuba yimfuneko ukugcina ukufikeleleka njengoko itekhnoloji iguquka.
Gcina iinkumbulo zakho zomtshato ngendlela egqibeleleyo
Xoxa ngezi ndlela zokhetho kunye nomfoti wakho womtshato kunye nomzobi wevidiyo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba iinkumbulo zakho ezixabisekileyo zibanjiwe kwaye zigcinwe kanye njengoko unombono wakho.