Ukuqonda ubunzulu beBit kwiAudio

Yintoni Ubunzulu beBit kwiAudio?

Ubunzulu be-Bit, eyaziwa ngokuba ubunzulu besampulu okanye ubude begama, ibhekisa kwinani lamasuntswana asetyenziselwa ukumela isampulu yomsindo nganye kwifayile yedijithali. Yicinge njengesisombululo somsindo wakho – kanye njengokuba isisombululo somfanekiso simisela ukucaca okubonakalayo, ubunzulu besuntswana bumisela uluhlu oluguquguqukayo kunye nomgangatho womsindo wakho wedijithali. Isuntswana ngalinye libonelela malunga nee-decibel ezi-6 zoluhlu oluguquguqukayo, ngoko ke i-16-bit yomsindo ibonelela malunga ne-96 dB yoluhlu, ngelixa i-24-bit audio ibonelela malunga ne-144 dB. Ubunzulu obuncinci buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umlinganiso wesignali ukuya kwingxolo kunye nokuthembeka okupheleleyo kokurekhodwa kweaudio. Ubunzulu obuphezulu bunokubamba iiyantlukwano ezifihlakeleyo zomthamo kunye nethoni, okukhokelela ekuveliseni okugudileyo, okuneenkcukacha ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, ubunzulu obuphezulu besuntswana bukwathetha ubungakanani beefayile ezinkulu kunye neemfuno ezongeziweyo zokusetyenzwa. Ukuqonda ubunzulu obuncinci kubalulekile kuye nabani na osebenza ngeaudio yedijithali, nokuba uyarekhoda, uyahlela, okanye uzama ukufezekisa olona mgangatho ulungileyo wesandi kwiiprojekthi zakho.

Ubunzulu beBit obuqhelekileyo bomsindo buchazwe

Ezona nzulu ziqhele ukudibana nazo kwi-audio yedijithali ziyi-16-bit, i-24-bit, kunye ne-32-bit, nganye isebenza ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezicelo. I-16-bit audio ngumgangatho womgangatho weCD kunye neefomati ezininzi zeaudio zabathengi. Inika uluhlu olwaneleyo oluguquguqukayo kwiimeko ezininzi zokumamela kwaye igcina ubungakanani beefayile bulawuleka. Obu bunzulu bunokumela ama-65,536 amanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-amplitude, nto leyo eguqulela kuluhlu oluguquguqukayo lwethiyori malunga ne-96 dB. I-24-bit audio ibe ngumgangatho wobugcisa wokurekhoda kunye nokuxuba. Ngaphezulu kwe-16 yezigidi zemigangatho yeamplitude enokwenzeka, ibonelela ngakumbi ngegumbi lentloko kunye neenkcukacha kune-16-bit audio. Oku kuchaneka okongeziweyo kubaluleke kakhulu ngexesha lokurekhoda kunye nenkqubo yokuhlela, apho iileya ezininzi zokucubungula zinokuqokelela iimpazamo zokusondeza. Iaudio ye-32-bit, ngokwesiqhelo ikwifomathi yeendawo ezidadayo, ibonelela ngegumbi lentloko elingasikelwanga mda kwaye isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizitishi zokusebenzela zedijithali zobuchule bokusebenza kwangaphakathi, nangona kunqabile ukuba kufuneke kwiifomati zemveliso yokugqibela.

• I-16-bit: Umgangatho weCD, uluhlu oluguquguqukayo lwe-96 dB, ubungakanani beefayile ezincinci
• I-24-bit: Umgangatho wobuchwephesha, uluhlu oluguquguqukayo lwe-144 dB, lungcono ukuhlela
• I-32-bit float: Ukuchaneka okuphezulu, i-headroom engenamda, ukulungiswa kobugcisa

Ubunzulu beBit buwuchaphazela njani uMgangatho womsindo

Impembelelo yobunzulu besandi kumgangatho wesandi ibonakala kakhulu kwiipaseji ezizolileyo nangexesha lotshintsho oluguquguqukayo. Ubunzulu obusezantsi bunokwazisa ingxolo yobungakanani, ethi ivakale njengemyolo efihlakeleyo okanye igrittiness, ngakumbi kumacandelo azolileyo oshicilelo. Lo mgangatho wengxolo unxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nobunzulu besuntswana – isuntswana ngalinye elongezelelweyo linciphisa ngokufanelekileyo inqanaba lengxolo. Ngokwesiqhelo, oku kuthetha ukuba ushicilelo lwe-24-bit lunokubamba izandi ezithambileyo ngaphandle kokuba zigqunywe yingxolo yedijithali. Ubunzulu beBit bukwachaphazela ukuchaneka kokwenziwa komsindo wedijithali. Xa usebenzisa iziphumo, ulungelelanisa amanqanaba, okanye wenze nayiphi na i-manipulation yedijithali, izibalo ezibandakanyekayo zingabangela amaxabiso awela phakathi kwamanqanaba akhoyo okulinganisa. Ubunzulu be-bit obuphezulu bubonelela ngokuchaneka ngakumbi kula maxabiso aphakathi, ukunciphisa iimpazamo ezongezelekayo ezinokuthoba umgangatho weaudio ngekhonkco lemveliso. Kungenxa yoko le nto iinjineli zeaudio ezichwepheshile zihlala zirekhoda kwaye zihlele kwi-24-bit, nokuba ifomathi yokuhanjiswa kokugqibela iya kuba yi-16-bit.

Ukukhetha ubunzulu beBit obuLungileyo kwiimfuno zakho

Ukukhetha ubunzulu bentwana obufanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho yosetyenziso, imiqobo yokugcina, kunye neemfuno zomgangatho. Ukuphulaphula okuqhelekileyo kunye nezicelo ezininzi zabathengi, i-16-bit audio inika umgangatho obalaseleyo ngelixa ugcina ubungakanani beefayile ezifanelekileyo. Iinkonzo zokusasaza, ukhuphelo lwedijithali, kunye neenkqubo ezininzi zokudlala zilungiselelwe i-16-bit audio, iyenza ibe lukhetho olusebenzayo lokusasaza kunye nokuphulaphula yonke imihla. Ukurekhoda, ukuhlela, kunye nomsebenzi weaudio oqeqeshiweyo, i-24-bit iyacetyiswa ngokubanzi. I-headroom eyongezelelweyo ivumela ukuqhubela phambili okunamandla ngaphandle kokuthotywa komgangatho, kunye nomgangatho ophantsi wengxolo ubonelela ngokurekhodwa okucocekileyo kwemithombo ezolileyo. Xa usebenza ngeemaleko ezininzi zeaudio okanye ezintsonkothileyo zokuqhuba, ukuqala nge-24-bit yemithombo yomthombo ikunika ukuguquguquka ngakumbi ukugcina umgangatho kuyo yonke inkqubo yemveliso. Qwalasela umthamo wakho wokugcina, amandla okusebenza, kunye nefomathi ecetyiweyo yokugqibela xa usenza esi sigqibo.

• Ukurekhoda / Ukuveliswa: Sebenzisa i-24-bit ukwenzela ukuguquguquka okukhulu kunye nomgangatho
• Ukusasazwa / Ukusasaza: I-16-bit isemgangathweni kwaye yanele kubaphulaphuli abaninzi
• Uvimba: I-24-bit igcina ulwazi oluphezulu ukuze lusetyenziswe kwixesha elizayo

Uguqulo lobunzulu beBit kunye nokuDibanisa

Xa uguqula ukusuka phezulu ukuya kubunzulu obusezantsi, ubuchule obufanelekileyo bubalulekile ukugcina umgangatho weaudio. Ukucutha nje amasuntswana ongezelelweyo kunokwazisa ukugqwetheka okukrakra kunye nezinto zakudala. I-Dithering yinkqubo eyongeza inani elincinci lengxolo engahleliweyo kumqondiso ngaphambi kokunciphisa ubunzulu, okunceda ukugqwetheka kobungakanani bemaski kunye nokugcina iinkcukacha ezikwinqanaba elisezantsi ezinokuthi zilahleke. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-dithering algorithms, nganye ineempawu ezahlukeneyo. I-triangular PDF dithering isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye ibonelela ngebhalansi elungileyo yokufihla ingxolo kunye nokulula. Ii-algorithms ezintsonkothileyo ezinje ngokubunjwa kwengxolo zinokutyhala ingxolo eyongeziweyo kudederhu lweefrikhwensi apho ukuva komntu kubuthathaka, kuphuculwe ngakumbi umgangatho obonwayo woguqulo. Uninzi lwesoftware yeaudio yobuchwephesha ibandakanya iinketho zodidi oluphezulu, kwaye kubalulekile ukufaka idithering kube kanye kuphela kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokuguqula ukunqanda ukuqokelela ingxolo engeyomfuneko.

Iifomathi zeFayile kunye nokuHambana nobunzulu beBit

Iifomathi ezahlukeneyo zefayile yeaudio zixhasa ubunzulu obahlukeneyo, kwaye ukuqonda le mida kubalulekile ekugcineni umgangatho ngokuqhutywa komsindo wakho. Iifomathi ezinganyanzeliswanga njenge-WAV kunye ne-AIFF inokusingatha i-16-bit, i-24-bit, kunye ne-32-bit yomsindo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngumgangatho. Ezi fomati zilungele umsebenzi wobungcali apho ukugcina yonke isuntswana lomgangatho kubalulekile. I-FLAC, ifomathi yocinezelo engalahlekiyo, ixhasa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-24-bit audio kwaye inokunciphisa kakhulu ubungakanani beefayile ngelixa igcina lonke ulwazi oluvakalayo. Iifomati zoxinzelelo ezilahlekileyo ezifana neMP3 kunye ne-AAC zisebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezenza ubunzulu bungabalulekanga, njengoko zisebenzisa ikhowudi yokuqonda elahla ulwazi oluthathwa ngokuba aluvakala kangako. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqala ngesixhobo somthombo wobunzulu obuphezulu kusenokubangela isandi esingcono seefayile ezicinezelekileyo, njengoko i-encoder inolwazi oluthe kratya lokusebenzela ngexesha lenkqubo yocinezelo. Xa usebenza ngeefomathi ezininzi, kubalulekile ukugcina obona nzulu bunzulu bokusebenza ngokuqhutywa komsebenzi wakho wemveliso kwaye unciphise kuphela kwinqanaba lokugqibela lonikezelo.

• Ingaxinzelelwanga (WAV/AIFF): Xhasa bonke ubunzulu obuqhelekileyo bebit
• I-Lossless compressed (FLAC): Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-24-bit enobungakanani beefayile ezincinci
• Ilahleko ixinzelelwe (MP3/AAC): Ubunzulu beBit bungaphantsi kokubaluleka ngenxa yekhowudi yokuqonda