I-Media Bitrate Calculator
Bala iibitrate ezizezona zilungileyo zamanqanaba omgangatho kunye namaqonga. Ifanelekile kubenzi bevidiyo, abasasazi, kunye neengcali zomxholo abafuna ukonyusa umgangatho ngelixa ulungiselela ubungakanani befayile kunye ne-bandwidth.
Bala iBitrate yakho eNgcono
Gcwalisa iinkcukacha ezingezantsi ukuze ufumane iibitrate ezicetyiswayo kwimidiya yakho. Ikhaltyhuleyitha yethu iqwalasela isisombululo, ireyithi yefreyimu, uhlobo lomxholo, kunye neqonga ekujoliswe kulo ukubonelela ngezona ngcebiso ze-bitrate.
Kutheni Usebenzisa iKhatyhuleyitha yethu yeBitrate
UMgangatho oLungileyo kunye noBubungakanani Balance
Fumana ibhalansi egqibeleleyo phakathi komgangatho wokubonwayo kunye nobungakanani befayile kunye neengcebiso zethu ezikrelekrele ze-bitrate ezisekelwe kuhlalutyo olubanzi.
- Iplatform-specific optimizations
- Ubalo lolwazi lomxholo
- Iinketho ezininzi zomgangatho
Inkxaso yeCodec eBanzi
Fumana iingcebiso ezithile kwiikhowudi zanamhlanje ezibandakanya i-H.264, H.265/HEVC, VP9, kunye ne-AV1, nganye inesetingi eziphuculweyo.
- Ulungelelaniso lwe-bitrate echanekileyo
- Inkxaso ye-codec elandelayo
- Ukusetwa kwangaphambili kwecodec
Unikezelo lwe-Platform-Optimized
Qinisekisa ukuba umxholo wakho ubonakala ungcono kakhulu kwiqonga ngalinye ngeengcebiso ze-bitrate ezenziwe ngokufanelekileyo zeYouTube, iTwitch, i-Facebook, kunye nokunye.
- Iingcebiso zokukhowuda kwiqonga elithile
- Ilungiselelwe i-algorithm yeqonga ngalinye
- Ihlaziywe ngeemfuno zeqonga zamva nje
Ukuqonda iMedia Bitrates
Yintoni iBitrate kwaye kutheni ibalulekile?
I-Bitrate sisixa sedatha esetyenziwe ngeyunithi yexesha, ngokuqhelekileyo ilinganiswa ngeebits ngesekhondi (bps), iikhilobhithi ngesekhondi (Kbps), okanye i-megabits ngesekhondi (Mbps). Ngamagama alula, ibonisa ukuba ingakanani idatha enikezelweyo ukumela ividiyo yakho okanye umxholo womsindo.
I-bitrate ephezulu ithetha umgangatho ongcono kuba idatha eninzi isetyenziselwa ukugcina ulwazi lweendaba, okukhokelela kwiinkcukacha kunye nokucaca. Nangona kunjalo, ii-bitrate eziphezulu zikhokelela kubungakanani beefayile ezinkulu kwaye zifuna i-bandwidth engaphezulu yokusasazwa. Ukufumana eyona bitrate ilungileyo kubalulekile ekulinganiseni umgangatho kunye neengqwalasela ezisebenzayo ezifana nobukhulu befayile, ixesha lokulayisha / lokukhuphela, kunye nokusebenza kostrimisho.
I-Bitrate yevidiyo
Ilawula umgangatho wokubonwa kwevidiyo yakho. Iphantsi kakhulu, kwaye uza kubona izinto zakudala ezibhlokile, ukufiphala, kunye nelahleko yeenkcukacha. Iphezulu kakhulu, kwaye uchitha indawo yokugcina ngaphandle kophuculo olubonakalayo.
I-Bitrate yomsindo
Imisela umgangatho wesandi. Iibitrate zeaudio ezisezantsi zinokukhokelela kwisandi esincinci, ukulahleka koluhlu oluguqukayo, kunye nengxolo yangasemva. Umsindo ufuna idatha encinci kunevidiyo.
Ukufumana Ulungelelwaniso
Ubugcisa bokuphucula i-bitrate kukufumana indawo emnandi apho umgangatho unyuswa kakhulu ngelixa ubungakanani befayile kunye neemfuno ze-bandwidth zigcinwa zifanelekile kubaphulaphuli bakho.
Izinto ezichaphazela iBitrate eNgcono
Izinto ezininzi zinempembelelo yeyiphi i-bitrate eya kuvelisa ezona ziphumo zilungileyo kwimidiya yakho ethile. Ikhaltyhuleyitha yethu ithathela ingqalelo ezi zinto ukuze inike ezona ngcebiso zichanekileyo:
Isigqibo
Izisombululo eziphezulu (4K, 1440p, 1080p) zineepikseli ezininzi kwaye zifuna i-bitrate ephezulu ukugcina umgangatho. Ividiyo ye-4K idinga idatha eninzi kakhulu kunevidiyo ye-720p yomxholo ofanayo.
Umgangatho wefreyimu
Iividiyo kwi-60fps zifuna malunga ne-1.5x ye-bitrate yeevidiyo ze-30fps ukugcina umgangatho ofanayo, njengoko kukho iifreyimu ezininzi eziphindwe kabini zokufakwa kwikhowudi ngexesha elifanayo.
Ukuntsonkotha komxholo
Umxholo ohamba ngokukhawuleza oneenkcukacha ezininzi (imidlalo, imiboniso yentshukumo) ifuna i-bitrate ephezulu kunomxholo omileyo (udliwano-ndlebe, umboniso) ukunqanda izinto ezishukumayo kunye nokugcina ukucaca.
UFanelo lweKhodekhi
I-codecs entsha efana ne-H.265 / HEVC kunye ne-AV1 inokufezekisa umgangatho ofanayo kwi-bitrate ephantsi xa kuthelekiswa ne-codecs endala njenge-H.264, ehlala ifuna i-30-50% yedatha encinci.
Indlela yokuhanjiswa
Amaqonga okusasaza anokudlulisa umxholo wakho, ke ukubonelela ngomthombo okumgangatho ophezulu kubalulekile. Ukukhuphela kunokuxhamla kwi-bitrate ephezulu kuba imiqobo ye-bandwidth ichaphazela kuphela ukhuphelo lokuqala.
Iqonga ekujoliswe kulo
Amaqonga ahlukeneyo aneemfuno ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zokucubungula. IYouTube, iTwitch, iNetflix, kunye neqonga leendaba zosasazo zentlalo nganye inesetingi zayo ezifanelekileyo.
Iiyunithi ze-Bitrate kunye noguqulo
Ukuqonda iiyunithi ze-bitrate kunye nendlela ezinxibelelana ngayo nobungakanani befayile kubalulekile kucwangciso olusebenzayo lwemidiya:
| Iyunithi | Uphawu | Ixabiso | Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amasuntswana ngomzuzwana | bps | Iyunithi yesiseko | Iinkcukacha zobugcisa |
| Iikhilobhithi ngesekhondi | Kbps | 1,000 bps | Ukufakwa kwekhowudi yomsindo, ividiyo esezantsi |
| Iimegabhithi ngesekhondi | Mbps | 1,000,000 bps | Ukufakwa kweekhowudi kwividiyo eqhelekileyo |
| Iigigabhithi ngesekhondi | Gbps | 1,000,000,000 bps | Ividiyo engaxinzelelwanga, ukusasazwa okuphezulu |
I-Bitrate kuGuqulo loBubungakanani beFayile
Ukuqikelela ubungakanani befayile kwi-bitrate, sebenzisa le fomula:
Umzekelo, ividiyo yemizuzu eli-10 kwi-5 Mbps inokuba malunga:
Iibitrate ezicetyiswayo ngePlatform
Amaqonga ahlukeneyo aneemfuno ezahlukeneyo kunye neengcebiso zokuhanjiswa kwevidiyo ngokufanelekileyo. Nalu uthelekiso olubanzi losasazo olukhulu kunye namaqonga eendaba ezentlalo:
Iibitrate ezicetyiswayo zikaYouTube
I-YouTube yenza ngokuzenzekelayo iinguqulelo ezininzi zevidiyo yakho kumanqanaba omgangatho owahlukileyo, kodwa ukulayisha ngebitrate ephezulu kuqinisekisa owona mgangatho ubalaseleyo kubabukeli.
| Isigqibo | Inqanaba leSakhelo esiMgangatho (24-30 FPS) | Inqanaba leSakhelo esiPhezulu (48-60 FPS) | ICodec ecetyiswayo |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2160p (4K) | 35-45 Mbps | 53-68 Mbps | H.264, VP9, AV1 |
| 1440p (2K) | 16-24 Mbps | 24-36 Mbps | H.264, VP9 |
| 1080p (iHD epheleleyo) | 8-12 Mbps | 12-18 Mbps | H.264 |
| 720p (HD) | 5-7.5 Mbps | 7.5-11 Mbps | H.264 |
| 480p (SD) | 2.5-4 Mbps | 4-6 Mbps | H.264 |
| 360p | 1-1.5 Mbps | 1.5-2.25 Mbps | H.264 |
Iingcebiso zokuSebenza zikaYouTube
- I-YouTube yenza eyayo i-transcoding, ke ukubonelela ngefayile yomthombo okumgangatho ophezulu kubalulekile.
- Ngomxholo we-HDR, sebenzisa i-BT.2020 indawo yombala kunye ne-10-bit okanye ngaphezulu kwe-bit ubunzulu.
- UYouTube ucebisa ukuba usebenzise iH.264 iProfayile ePhezulu yomxholo osemgangathweni kunye neVP9 yezisombululo eziphezulu.
- Umsindo kufuneka ube yi-AAC-LC kwi-128 kbps ye-stereo okanye i-384 kbps ye-5.1 ejikeleze.
- UYouTube uqhuba iividiyo ngokufanelekileyo xa usebenzisa imizuzwana emi-2 yamathuba angundoqo weframe.
I-Bitrate ecetyiswayo ye-Twitch
I-Twitch inemida ethile ye-bitrate kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo amaqabane. Ezi ngcebiso zinceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba umjelo wakho uzinzile kwaye uyafikeleleka kubabukeli abanezantya ezahlukeneyo zoqhagamshelwano.
| Isigqibo | 30 FPS | 60 FPS | Amanqaku |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1080p | 4.5-6 Mbps | 6-8 Mbps | Icetyiselwe Amaqabane / Amalungu |
| 720p | 3-4.5 Mbps | 4.5-6 Mbps | Icetyiselwe uninzi lwabasasazi |
| 480p | 1.5-3 Mbps | 3-4.5 Mbps | Kwi-bandwidth elinganiselweyo yokulayisha |
Iingcebiso zokuSebenza kweTwitch
- I-Twitch ine-cap enzima ye-8 Mbps kungakhathaliseki isimo sakho seqabane.
- Umsindo kufuneka ube yi-AAC kwi-128-160 kbps yomgangatho ophezulu kunye nokuhambelana.
- Sebenzisa i-“Main” iprofayili ye-H.264 encoding ene-“medium” ukuya “faster” preset ye-CPU ukwenzela ukulungelelana okulungileyo.
- Ukuba awungoMlingane okanye iNxulumano, cinga ngokusasaza ku-720p60 ukuze ufumane amava abalaseleyo ombukeli.
- Qwalasela i-bandwidth yababukeli bakho – ayinguye wonke umntu onokubukela imijelo ye-bitrate ephezulu ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
IiBitrate ezicetyiswayo kuFacebook
Ividiyo kaFacebook Live kunye neFacebook zineengcebiso ezahlukeneyo zokuqinisekisa ukuba umxholo wakho ufikelela kubaphulaphuli abaninzi ngelixa ugcina umgangatho olungileyo.
| Isigqibo | Usasazo ngqo | Ukulayishwa kwevidiyo | Amanqaku |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1080p | 4-6 Mbps | 8-12 Mbps | Esona sisombululo siphezulu se-FB Live |
| 720p | 2.5-4 Mbps | 4-8 Mbps | Icetyiswa kubasebenzisi abaninzi |
| 480p | 1-2.5 Mbps | 2-4 Mbps | Ngomda olinganiselweyo |
| 360p | 0.5-1 Mbps | 1-2 Mbps | I-mobile-friendly option |
Iingcebiso zokuSebenza kuFacebook
- I-Facebook icebisa ubuninzi bebitrate ye-4 Mbps yokusasaza okuqhelekileyo okuqhelekileyo.
- Kwiividiyo ezilayishiweyo, i-Facebook yamkela ukuya kuthi ga kwiifayile ze-Gbps ze-10 kwaye iya kuzidlulisela.
- I-Facebook yenza ngcono nge-codec ye-H.264, iphrofayili ephezulu, kunye ne-2-second keyframe intervals.
- Umsindo kufuneka ube yi-AAC kwi-96-128 kbps ngokuphila kunye ne-128-256 kbps yokulayisha.
- I-Facebook iya kuphinda ifake ikhowudi yomxholo wakho, ngoko ke kungcono ukubonelela ngefayile yomthombo ophezulu.
Iibitrate ezicetyiswayo zeVimeo
I-Vimeo yaziwa ngevidiyo ekumgangatho ophezulu kwaye inikezela ngeengcebiso ezithile ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lomxholo wakho kunye nomgangatho ojoliswe kuwo.
| Isigqibo | Umgangatho oMgangatho | Umgangatho ophezulu | ICodec ecetyiswayo |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4K (2160p) | 30-60 Mbps | 40-80 Mbps | H.264, iProRes |
| 2K (1440p) | 16-24 Mbps | 20-30 Mbps | H.264, iProRes |
| 1080p | 10-20 Mbps | 15-25 Mbps | H.264 |
| 720p | 5-10 Mbps | 8-12 Mbps | H.264 |
| SD (480p) | 3-5 Mbps | 5-8 Mbps | H.264 |
Iingcebiso zokuSebenza kweVimeo
- I-Vimeo yamkela i-bitrate ephezulu kunamaqonga amaninzi, ivumela ukulayisha okusemgangathweni.
- Ngeziphumo ezilungileyo, sebenzisa i-H.264 ngeProfayili ePhezulu okanye i-ProRes 422 kumxholo we-4K.
- IVimeo yamkela kwaye igcine ubunzulu bombala we-10-bit kumxholo we-HDR.
- Umsindo kufuneka ube yi-AAC kwi-320 kbps ye-stereo okanye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-512 kbps ngesandi esingqongileyo.
- IVimeo Plus, iPro, kunye neeakhawunti zeShishini zinemida eyahlukeneyo yokulayisha kunye nokukhethwa komgangatho.
Iibitrate ezicetyiswayo ze-Instagram
I-Instagram ineemfuno ezithile zeefomathi zevidiyo ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya amabali, iiReels, IGTV, kunye nezithuba eziqhelekileyo.
| Ifomathi | Isigqibo | I-Bitrate ecetyiswayo | Ubude Obuninzi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amabali e-Instagram | 1080×1920 (9:16) | 3-5 Mbps | Imizuzwana eyi-15 |
| Instagram Feed | 1080×1080 (1:1) | 5-8 Mbps | 60 imizuzwana |
| Instagram Reels | 1080×1920 (9:16) | 5-8 Mbps | Imizuzwana engama-30 |
| IGTV | 1080×1920 (9:16) | 8-10 Mbps | Imizuzu engama-60 |
Iingcebiso zokuSebenza kwe-Instagram
- I-Instagram icinezela kakhulu iividiyo, ke ukuqala ngomthombo okumgangatho ophezulu kunceda ukugcina iinkcukacha.
- Sebenzisa ikhowudi ye-H.264 kwaye usete isitshixo sesithuba sakho kwimizuzwana eyi-1-2.
- Umsindo kufuneka ube yi-AAC kwi-128 kbps yomgangatho ofanelekileyo emva kokucubungula kwe-Instagram.
- Kumabali kunye neReels, ifomathi ethe nkqo 9:16 iqhuba kakuhle ngebhokisi yoonobumba encinci.
- I-Instagram ithanda iividiyo eziqaqambileyo, ezidlamkileyo ezinomahluko olungileyo wokuzibandakanya okungcono.
Iibitrate ezicetyiswayo zeTikTok
I-TikTok ilungiselelwe ukujongwa kweselfowuni kunye neemfuno zefomathi ezithile zokuqinisekisa ukuba umxholo wakho ukhangeleka ulungile eqongeni.
| Isigqibo | Ubungakanani bobume | I-Bitrate ecetyiswayo | Ubude Obuninzi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1080×1920 | 9:16 ( nkqo) | 8-12 Mbps | Imizuzu emi-3 (esemgangathweni) |
| 1080×1920 | 9:16 ( nkqo) | 10-15 Mbps | Imizuzu eyi-10 (yandisiwe) |
| 1080×1080 | 1:1 (Isikwere) | 6-10 Mbps | Imizuzu emi-3 |
| 1920×1080 | 16:9 (Ethe tye) | 8-12 Mbps | Imizuzu emi-3 |
Iingcebiso zokuSebenza kweTikTok
- I-TikTok iqhuba kakuhle ngemifanekiso eqaqambileyo, ecacileyo elungiselelwe ukujongwa kweselfowuni.
- 9:16 ifomathi yevidiyo ethe nkqo ibonelela ngamava okubukela angcono eqongeni.
- H.264 ikhowudi nge-bitrate ephezulu inceda ukugcina umgangatho ngoxinzelelo lweTikTok.
- Umsindo ubaluleke kakhulu kwiTikTok-sebenzisa iaudiyo ecacileyo kwi-128-256 kbps.
- I-algorithm yeTikTok ithanda iividiyo ezinomgangatho olungileyo wobugcisa kunye nokubonwa okucacileyo.
Usisebenzisa njani iBitrate Calculator
Ngenisa iiNkcukacha zakho zeMedia
Qala ngokukhetha isisombululo osifunayo, ireyithi yesakhelo, uhlobo lomxholo, kunye neqonga ekujoliswe kulo. Ezi parameters zibalulekile zisinceda ukuba sigqibe elona luhlu lwebitrate ngokwezidingo zakho ezithile. Cacisa kangangoko unakho kwezona ngcebiso zichanekileyo.
Cacisa iiParameters zobuGcisa
Khetha ikhowudi yevidiyo oyikhethayo (H.264, H.265/HEVC, VP9, AV1) kunye nesethingi yekhwalithi yomsindo. Abasebenzisi abakwizinga eliphezulu banokuphinda bachaze iiparamitha ezongezelelweyo ezifana nohlobo lomxholo we-HDR kunye nokukhethwa kokulungiselela ukubala okuchanekileyo.
Bala iBitrate eNgcono
Cofa iqhosha elithi “Bala iBitrate eNgcono” ukwenza iingcebiso ezenzelwe wena. I-algorithm yethu ihlalutya zonke iiparamitha kwaye ibonelela ngexabiso le-bitrate elibalwe ngokwesayensi elilinganisa umgangatho kunye nobungakanani befayile kumxholo wakho othile.
Hlalutya iNcombululo
Phonononga iziphumo ezineenkcukacha, kuquka ividiyo ecetyiswayo kunye ne-audio bitrate, uqikelelo lobungakanani beefayile, kunye neengcebiso zobugcisa ezithe ngqo kwiqonga. Sibonelela ngeendlela ezininzi zomgangatho ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha oko kusebenza ngcono kwimeko yakho ethile.
Faka useto kwiSoftware yakho
Sebenzisa iingcebiso zethu xa ulungiselela isoftware yakho yokufaka ikhowudi (OBS, Premiere Pro, DaVinci Resolve, Handbrake, njl.). Faka i-bitrate ecetyisiweyo, useto lwe-codec, kunye nezinye iiparameters ukuphumeza umgangatho ongowona womxholo wakho wemidiya.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Yeyiphi eyona bitrate efanelekileyo yevidiyo ye-1080p?
Kwividiyo ye-1080p (1920×1080) kwi-30fps, i-bitrate efanelekileyo ngokuqhelekileyo isuka kwi-8-12 Mbps kumxholo oqhelekileyo usebenzisa i-encoding ye-H.264. Ngomxholo oguqukayo ngakumbi njengemidlalo okanye iintshukumo, unokufuna i-12-15 Mbps. Xa usebenzisa i-60fps, yandisa la maxabiso malunga ne-50%. I-codecs esebenzayo ngakumbi njenge-H.265 / HEVC okanye i-AV1 inokufezekisa umgangatho ofanayo kwi-30-50% ye-bitrate ephantsi. Iimfuno zakho ezithile zinokwahluka ngokusekelwe kubunzima bomxholo kunye neqonga ekujoliswe kulo.
Ingaba ibitrate ibuchaphazela njani ubungakanani befayile?
I-Bitrate inquma ngokuthe ngqo ubungakanani befayile usebenzisa ifomyula elula: Ubungakanani beFayile (MB) = I-Bitrate (Mbps) × Ubude (imizuzwana) ÷ 8. Ngokomzekelo, ividiyo ye-10-minute encoded kwi-10 Mbps iya kubangela ifayile malunga ne-750 MB ngobukhulu (10 Mbps × 600 imizuzwana ÷ 8). Iibitrate eziphezulu zikhokelela kwiifayile ezinkulu kodwa ngokubanzi ziphucula umgangatho. Ukufumana ibhalansi efanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho zomgangatho kunye nemiqobo yokugcina / i-bandwidth.
Kutheni ustrimisho lufuna iibitrate ezahlukeneyo kunokhuphelo?
Ukusasaza kunye nomxholo okhutshelwayo uneemfuno ezahlukeneyo zebitrate ngokuyintloko ngenxa yemithintelo ye-bandwidth. Ukusasaza kufuna unikezelo lwexesha lokwenyani, ngoko ke ibitrate kufuneka igcineke ngoqhakamshelwano lwe-intanethi yombukeli ukunqanda ukubhafa. Uninzi lwamaqonga okusasaza acebisa iibitrate ezisezantsi ukuqinisekisa ukufikeleleka kubaphulaphuli ababanzi. Umxholo okhutshelweyo, nangona kunjalo, awunyanzelwa kukuhanjiswa kwexesha lokwenyani, ukuvumela iibitrate eziphezulu kunye nomgangatho. Ukongeza, iiplatifti zokusasaza zihlala zenza ezazo i-transcoding ukwenza amanqanaba amaninzi omgangatho, ke ukubonelela ngefayile yomthombo okumgangatho ophezulu kubalulekile naxa umsebenzisi wokugqibela enokusasaza nge-bitrate esezantsi.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-CBR, VBR, kunye ne-CRF encoding?
Ezi ziindlela ezahlukeneyo zolawulo lwereyithi emisela indlela ibitrate eyabiwa ngayo:
- I-CBR (Ixabiso leBithi rhoqo): Igcina ibitrate efanayo kuyo yonke ividiyo, nokuba inzima kangakanani na. Oku kulungele ukusasaza apho ukuhambelana kwe-bandwidth kubalulekile kodwa kunokungasebenzi kakuhle kumxholo oguquguqukayo.
- I-VBR (Ixabiso leBit eguquguqukayo): Ukwabela ii-bitrate eziphezulu kwimiboniso entsonkothileyo kunye ne-bitrate esezantsi kwimiboniso elula. Oku kuvelisa umgangatho ongcono kumndilili we-bitrate efanayo xa kuthelekiswa ne-CBR, iyenza ilungele umxholo okhutshelweyo.
- I-CRF (iNqanaba eliQolekileyo): Igcina umgangatho ongaguqukiyo kune-bitrate, ivumela i-encoder ukusebenzisa nayiphi na ibitrate eyimfuneko ukugcina umgangatho womgangatho ochaziweyo. Oku kulungele ugcino kunye neemeko apho umgangatho ubekwe phambili ngaphezu kokuqikelelwa kobungakanani befayile.
Ukusasaza, i-CBR okanye i-VBR ene-capped iyacetyiswa. Kwiividiyo ezikhutshelweyo, iVBR okanye iCRF ihlala ibonelela ngomgangatho ophucukileyo.
I-codecs entsha efana ne-H.265 / HEVC kunye ne-AV1 ithelekisa njani ne-H.264?
Ii-codecs ezintsha zibonelela ngophuculo olubonakalayo kwi-H.264 esetyenziswa ngokubanzi:
- H.265/HEVC: Ifezekisa umgangatho ofanayo ukuya kwi-H.264 malunga ne-40-50% ye-bitrate esezantsi, kodwa ifuna amandla okuqhubela phambili amaninzi ukuze ikhowudi kunye nekhowudi. Ixhaswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo ezitsha kwaye ilungele umxholo we-4K.
- AV1: Isebenza ngakumbi kune-HEVC, inika umgangatho ofanayo kwi-20-30% ye-bitrate ephantsi kune-HEVC (okanye i-50-60% ephantsi kune-H.264). Nangona kunjalo, i-AV1 encoding okwangoku ibaluleke kakhulu kwiprosesa, nangona inkxaso ye-decoder ikhula ngokukhawuleza.
- VP9: Umqhubi we-Google okhuphisana ne-HEVC, enikezela ngophuculo olusebenzayo olufanayo kwi-H.264 ngenkxaso ye-browser engcono kune-HEVC kodwa i-acceleration encinci ye-hardware.
Xa ukhetha i-codec, qwalasela ukuhambelana nezixhobo zakho ekujoliswe kuzo/amaqonga, imiqobo yexesha leekhowudi, kunye nomgangatho/ubungakanani obufunekayo. I-H.264 ihlala iyona ndlela ihambelana kakhulu, ngelixa ii-codecs ezintsha zibonelela ngokusebenza kakuhle kwiindleko zokuhambelana okanye isantya sokufaka ikhowudi.
Yintoni ebaluleke ngakumbi kumgangatho: isisombululo okanye i-bitrate?
Zombini isisombululo kunye ne-bitrate zinempembelelo kakhulu kumgangatho wevidiyo, kodwa ukubaluleka kwazo kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kumxholo:
Isigqibo imisela inani leepixels kwisakhelo ngasinye, ichaphazela iinkcukacha ezinokwenzeka kunye nokubukhali. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-bitrate iphantsi kakhulu kwisisombululo, uya kubona izinto zakudala zoxinzelelo ezigatya izibonelelo zesisombululo esiphezulu.
I-Bitrate imisela ukuba ingakanani idatha esetyenziswayo ukukhowuda umzuzwana ngamnye wevidiyo, echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba iinkcukacha kunye nentshukumo zinokugcinwa njani. Ibitrate ephezulu kwisisombululo esisezantsi kaninzi ibonakala ingcono kunesombululo esiphezulu esinebitrate engonelanga.
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo kukulungelelanisa zombini ngokomxholo wakho. Kwimiboniso eneenkcukacha, entsokothileyo, beka phambili ibitrate eyaneleyo kwisisombululo sakho osikhethileyo. Kwimixholo elula efana neenkcazo-ntetho okanye oopopayi, isisombululo sinokubaluleke ngakumbi kune-bitrate ephezulu kakhulu. Ikhaltyhuleyitha yethu icebisa iisetingi ezilungeleleneyo ezikhulisa zombini ezo meko zohlobo oluthile lwesiqulatho sakho.
IiNgcaciso zeBitrate eziPhezulu
UPhuculo lwePsychovisual
Iikhodekhi zevidiyo zanamhlanje zisebenzisa iimodeli ze-psychovisual ukwandisa umgangatho obonwayo ngokunikezela idatha eninzi kwizinto ezibalulekileyo ezibonakalayo ngelixa zicinezela iinkcukacha ezingabonakaliyo. Ukuqonda le migaqo kunokukunceda wenze izigqibo ezingcono zokhowudo:
Ukufihla ubuso
Inkqubo yokubonwa komntu ayinakuchukumiseka kancinci kwingxolo kwiindawo ezishukumayo eziphakamileyo okanye imimandla ebhalwe kakhulu. IiCodecs zixhaphaza oku ngokufaka uxinzelelo ngakumbi kwezi ndawo ngaphandle kokulahleka komgangatho obonakalayo.
Luma vs. Chroma Resolution
Abantu banovelwano ngakumbi ekukhanyeni (luma) ukwahluka kunokwahluka kombala (chroma). Uninzi lwee-codecs zisebenzisa i-chroma subsampling (4:2:0) ukunciphisa ukusonjululwa kombala ngelixa ugcina ukuqaqamba okugcweleyo, ukwehlisa ngokumangalisayo i-bitrate enempembelelo encinci yokubona.
Ireyithi-Ugqweso lokuSebenzisa
Iikhowudi ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu zenza amawaka ezigqibo malunga nendlela yokwaba amasuntswana ngokubala impembelelo yembonakalo ngokuchasene neendleko zebitrate. Ezi algorithms ziphucuke kakhulu kwizizukulwana zamva nje zekhowudi, zivumela umgangatho ongcono kwi-bitrate efanayo.
Ufakelo lweeKhowudi ngomxholo
Izisombululo zeekhowudi zanamhlanje zihlalutya umxholo wakho ukuze uhlengahlengise ngokuguqukayo ibitrate esekwe kububunzima. Imiboniso elula ifumana amasuntswana ambalwa ngelixa imiboniso entsonkothileyo ifumana ngaphezulu, ikhokelela kumgangatho ongaguqukiyo obonwayo kunye nomndilili osezantsi webitrate.
IiParameters zokuFaka iKhowudi ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu
Ngaphaya koseto olusisiseko lwe-bitrate, ezi parameters zihambele phambili zinokuchaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wokhowudo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle:
| Ipharamitha | Inkcazo | Iisetingi ezicetyiswayo |
|---|---|---|
| Inqanaba leProfayili | Ichaza imiqobo entsonkothileyo kunye neeseti zeempawu ezisetyenziswa yi-codec | H.264: Iprofayili ephezulu yomgangatho ogqwesileyo, Eyona nto ihambelanayo I-HEVC: I-10 engundoqo ye-HDR, i-Main for standard |
| Izakhelo zoReferensi | Inani lezakhelo umfaki khowudi anokubhekisela kuzo xa ecinezela | I-3-5 yokusasaza, i-5-8 yomgangatho ophezulu |
| Iifreyimu ze-B | Izakhelo eziqikelelweyo zamacala omabini abhekisa kwizakhelo ezidlulileyo nezexesha elizayo | I-2-3 yomxholo oqhelekileyo, i-3-5 yefilimu |
| Jonga phambili | Kukude kangakanani phambili umfaki khowudi uhlalutya ukwenza izigqibo | 40-100 izakhelo ze-VBR encoding, amaxabiso aphezulu aphucula umgangatho |
| Ubungakanani obuguquguqukayo | Iyahluka ubungakanani obusekwe kukubaluleka kokubonwayo | Vula kwaye usete ku “auto” okanye ngokulinganayo kwi-encoder yakho |
| Tune | Seta kwangaphambili ulungelelwaniso olwandisa usebenziso lweekhowudi kwiindidi zomxholo othile | “Ifilimu” yeemuvi, “iAnimation” yeekhathuni, “Izikhozo” zokugcinwa kweenkozo zefilimu |
Ngelixa ezi setingi ziphambili zinokuwuphucula kakhulu umgangatho, zihlala zilonyusa ixesha lokufaka iikhowudi. Ngezona ziphumo zibalaseleyo, vavanya ngokupheleleyo umxholo wakho othile ngemidibaniso eyahlukeneyo yeeparamitha. Uninzi lweekhowudi lubandakanya ukusetha kwangaphambili okufana “cothayo” okanye “kakhulu” okusebenzisa ngokuzenzekelayo usetyenziso olucokisekileyo.
Impembelelo ye-Bitrate kuMgangatho weMedia kunye nokuhanjiswa
Kumajelo osasazo edijithali, i-bitrate ime njengeyona nto ibalulekileyo emisela zombini umgangatho wokubonwayo/owomsindo womxholo wakho kunye neemfuno zobugcisa bokuhanjiswa kwayo. Nokuba ungumyili womxholo, uchwephesha wokusasaza, okanye umthandi weendaba, ukuqonda indima ye-bitrate kubalulekile ekuveliseni umxholo ofanelekileyo.
I-Bitrate, elinganiswa ngeebits ngesekhondi (bps), imele isixa sedatha esetyenziweyo okanye edluliselwe kwiyunithi nganye yexesha. Ngomxholo wevidiyo, i-bitrate ephezulu ikhokelela kumgangatho ongcono wokubonwayo kuba idatha eninzi iyafumaneka ukubonisa iinkcukacha, ulwazi lombala, kunye nentshukumo. Nangona kunjalo, iibitrate eziphezulu zikwakhokelela kubungakanani beefayile ezinkulu kunye neemfuno ezikhulayo ze-bandwidth, ukudala i-tradeoff esisiseko phakathi komgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo.
Umgangatho-Ubungakanani Balance
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwebitrate kunye nomgangatho oqikelelwayo abukho mgca. Ukuphinda kabini ibitrate akunyanzelekanga ukuba kuphindwe kabini umgangatho ocingelwayo. Kulapho ingqikelelo “yomgangatho wesilingi” ibaluleke kakhulu – indawo apho ukwandisa i-bitrate ngakumbi kuvelisa imbuyekezo ehlayo kuphuculo olubonakalayo lomgangatho. I-Media Bitrate Calculator yethu inceda ekuchongeni olu luhlu lufanelekileyo apho umgangatho unyuswa ngaphandle kokumosha izixhobo.
Iindidi zomxholo ezahlukeneyo zineemfuno zebitrate ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. Isiqulatho esingatshintshiyo esinentshukumo encinci (njengodliwano-ndlebe okanye iinkcazo-ntetho) unokufikelela umgangatho ogqwesileyo kwi-bitrate esezantsi noko. Ngokwahlukileyo, isiqulatho esintsokothileyo, esihamba ngokukhawuleza esinezicatshulwa ezineenkcukacha (ezifana neziganeko zemidlalo okanye ulandelelwano lweentshukumo) zifuna iibitrate eziphezulu kakhulu ukugcina umgangatho ofanayo obonwayo. Ukuqonda ukuntsokotha komxholo wakho kubalulekile kulwabiwo lwebitrate olusebenzayo.
IQonga lokuPhuculwa
Iqonga ngalinye lokusabalalisa liphumeza imibhobho yokucwangcisa eyodwa kunye nezicwangciso zokucinezela. I-YouTube, iTwitch, i-Facebook, kunye nezinye iinkonzo nganye zisebenzisa iindlela zayo zokuthumela iikhowudi kunye nokuhanjiswa, okuthetha ukuba eyona mithombo ye-bitrate iyahluka ngokweqonga. Umzekelo, iingcebiso zikaYouTube zesiqulatho se-4K (35-45 Mbps ye-30fps) yahlukile kobona buphezulu bebitrate kaTwitch obuvunyelweyo be-8 Mbps. Ikhaltyhuleyitha yethu ibonelela ngeengcebiso ezingqalileyo zeqonga ukuqinisekisa ukuba umxholo wakho usebenza ngokupheleleyo kwinkonzo oyikhethileyo.
Ikhowudi yekhowudi ikwachaphazela kakhulu ibitrate efunekayo. Ii-codecs ezintsha ezifana ne-H.265/HEVC kunye ne-AV1 zifikelela umgangatho olinganayo kwi-bitrate ephantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-H.264. Ngokomzekelo, i-H.265 ifuna ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-40-50% yedatha engaphantsi kune-H.264 yomgangatho ofanayo wokubonwayo. Xa ujolise kwiiplatifomu ezixhasa ezi codecs eziphambili, unokugcina umgangatho ophezulu ngelixa unciphisa kakhulu ubungakanani befayile kunye neemfuno ze-bandwidth.
IiNdlela zexesha elizayo kuLungiso lweBitrate
Ubume betekhnoloji yemidiya iyaqhubeka nokuvela ngokufunda koomatshini-ukufakwa kweekhowudi kukufumana ukubaluleka. Ezi ndlela ziqhutywa yi-AI zihlalutya iimpawu zomxholo ukuze kusetyenziswe amaqhinga afanelekileyo oxinzelelo ngamandla. Ubhalo oluguquguqukayo lomxholo luvumela usebenziso lwebitrate olulunge ngakumbi ngokunikezela idatha eninzi kwimiboniso entsonkothileyo kwaye ngaphantsi kwezakhelo ezilula, okukhokelela kumgangatho ongaguqukiyo obonwayo kunye nomndilili osezantsi we-bitrate.
Kubenzi bomxholo, ukufumana eyona bitrate ayisengombandela wokulandela iingcebiso eziqhelekileyo kodwa ukuqonda iimfuno ezithile zomxholo wakho, amaqonga ekujoliswe kuwo, kunye nemiqobo yabaphulaphuli. I-Media Bitrate Calculator yethu yenza lula le nkqubo inzima yokwenza izigqibo ngokubonelela ngeengcebiso ezilungelelanisiweyo, ezithathwe ngokwenzululwazi ngokusekwe kwiiparamitha zakho ezithile.
Njengoko izantya ze-intanethi zinyuka kwihlabathi jikelele, i-bitrate ephezulu ifikeleleka ngakumbi ukuze isasazeke. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kakuhle kuhlala kubaluleke kakhulu, ngakumbi kubabukeli beselula kunye nemimandla ene-bandwidth elinganiselweyo. Ezona zicwangciso ziphumeleleyo zomxholo zilungelelanisa iimfuno zomgangatho kunye nokuqwalaselwa kokufikeleleka, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umxholo wakho ufikelela kubaphulaphuli abaninzi ngaphandle kokunciphisa impembelelo ebonakalayo.