Iifomathi zeVidiyo zeHDR zicacisiwe
Isikhokelo esibanzi sokukunceda uqonde iifomati zevidiyo ze-hdr ezichaziweyo.
Yintoni iVidiyo yeHDR kwaye kutheni ibalulekile
Uluhlu oluphezulu lweDynamic Range (HDR) ividiyo imele ukutsibela phambili kwitekhnoloji yokubonisa, ibonelela ngomgangatho wokubonwayo ophucuke ngokumangalisayo xa kuthelekiswa nomxholo womgangatho oguqukayo (SDR). I-HDR ibamba kwaye ibonise uluhlu olubanzi kakhulu lwamanqanaba okukhanya, ukusuka kumnyama onzulu ukuya kumhlophe oqaqambileyo, ukudala imifanekiso efana ngokusondeleyo noko iliso lomntu libona ngokwemvelo. Olu luhlu lokukhanya olwandisiweyo, oluhlala lusuka kwi-0.1 ukuya kwi-1,000 yee-nits okanye ngaphezulu, luvumela iziphumo zokukhanya ezinokwenyani kunye neenkcukacha ezinkulu kuzo zombini izithunzi kunye neendawo eziphambili. Impembelelo ye-HDR idlulela ngaphaya kwamanqanaba okukhanya. Ividiyo ye-HDR ikwaxhasa iigamu zemibala ebanzi, okuthetha ukuba inokubonisa imibala emininzi kunefomathi zevidiyo zemveli. Ngelixa ividiyo eqhelekileyo igubungela malunga ne-35% yemibala ebonakalayo, iifomati ze-HDR zinokuphinda zivelise ukuya kuthi ga kwi-75% yemibala ebonwa ngamehlo abantu. Le ndawo yombala eyandisiweyo, idityaniswe nobunzulu obonyukileyo (budla ngokuba yi-10-bit endaweni ye-8-bit), iphelisa ukudibanisa umbala kwaye ibonelela ngeegradient ezigudileyo. Isiphumo sisiqulatho sevidiyo esibonakala sinamandla, sinokwenyani, kwaye sintywila, esenza i-HDR ibaluleke ngakumbi kumxholo we-cinematic, imidlalo, kunye nokuveliswa kwevidiyo yobuchwephesha.
HDR10: Umgangatho weSiseko
I-HDR10 ime njengeyona fomati ye-HDR yamkelwe ngokubanzi, isebenza njengomgangatho osisiseko wevidiyo ye-HDR kulo lonke ishishini. Iphuhliswe njengomgangatho ovulekileyo, i-HDR10 isebenzisa imethadatha emileyo ukuchaza indawo yombala kunye neempawu ezikhanyayo zevidiyo yonke. Ixhasa iRec. Indawo yombala ka-2020, ubunzulu bombala we-10-bit, kunye namanqanaba okukhanya okuphakamileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10,000 nits, nangona uninzi lwabathengi lubonisa ubukhulu becala kwi-1,000-4,000 nits. Ifomathi isebenzisa i-Perceptual Quantizer (PQ) umsebenzi wokudlulisa, owaziwa nangokuthi SMPTE ST 2084, eyenza imephu yokukhanya kwe-HDR epheleleyo ngokufanelekileyo kuneegophe zegamma zendabuko. Ukuhambelana kwendalo yonke kwe-HDR10 kuyenza ibe ngumgangatho we-de facto wokusasazwa komxholo we-HDR. Amaqonga amakhulu okusasaza afana neNetflix, iVidiyo yeNkulumbuso yeAmazon, kunye neDisney + zisebenzisa i-HDR10 kumxholo wabo we-HDR, kwaye phantse zonke iziboniso ezine-HDR zixhasa le fomati. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthembela kwe-HDR10 kwimethadatha emileyo kuthetha ukuba iiparamitha ze-HDR zisetwe kube kanye kwividiyo yonke, okunokuthi kuthintelwe ukwenziwa kwemifanekiso eneemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya. Ngaphandle kwesi sithintelo, i-HDR10 ibonelela ngophuculo olubalulekileyo kumxholo we-SDR kwaye isebenza njengendawo ebalaseleyo yokungena kumava okubukela i-HDR.
I-HDR10 + kunye neDolby Vision: Advanced Dynamic HDR
I-HDR10 + kunye neDolby Vision imele inguquko elandelayo kwitekhnoloji ye-HDR, zombini zisebenzisa imethadatha eguquguqukayo ukukhulisa iiparamitha ze-HDR kwindawo-nge-scene okanye nakwisakhelo-nge-isakhelo. I-HDR10+, ephuhliswe yi-Samsung ngokubambisana ne-Amazon kunye nezinye iinkokeli zeshishini, yakhela phezu kwesiseko se-HDR10 ngelixa isongeza amandla okwenza ithowuni eguqukayo. Oku kuvumela abaqulunqi bomxholo ukuba balungise amava e-HDR kuyo yonke ividiyo, beqinisekisa ukuqaqamba okugqibeleleyo kunye nokuveliswa kombala kwindawo nganye. I-HDR10+ igcina ukuhambelana ngasemva kunye nemiboniso ye-HDR10 ngelixa ibonelela ngamava aphuculweyo kwizixhobo ezihambelanayo. IDolby Vision, ephuhliswe yiDolby Laboratories, ibonelela ngeyona ndlela iphucukileyo yokuphunyezwa kweHDR ekhoyo ngoku. Ixhasa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-12-bit ubunzulu bombala kunye nokuqaqamba kwethiyori ye-10,000 nits, iDolby Vision ibonelela ngombala ochanekileyo kunye noluhlu oluguqukayo. Ifomathi iquka imetadata ebanzi ekhokela kokubini ukugqwesa komxholo kunye nonikezelo lwemiboniso, iqinisekisa ukuba injongo yobugcisa yomdali igcinwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokubukela. Umxholo weDolby Vision unobuchule bobuchule kumaziko akhethekileyo, okukhokelela kumgangatho wokubonwa kweprimiyamu ophawuleka ngakumbi kwiithiyetha zasekhaya ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nosetyenziso lwecinema.
I-HLG: Isisombululo se-HDR esiSasazwayo
I-Hybrid Log-Gamma (HLG) imele indlela ekhethekileyo kwi-HDR eyenzelwe ngokukodwa usasazo lukamabonwakude kunye nezicelo zokusasaza ngokuphila. Iphuhliswe ngokudibeneyo yi-BBC kunye ne-NHK (umsasazo wesizwe waseJapan), i-HLG ijongana nemingeni esebenzayo yokusasaza umxholo we-HDR kwiziseko zophuhliso lwemveli. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iifomathi ze-HDR ezifuna imethadatha ethile, i-HLG isebenzisa umsebenzi wokudlulisa umhlanganiselwa obuyela ngasemva ohambelana neziboniso ze-SDR ngelixa ubonelela ngeenzuzo ze-HDR kwizikrini ezihambelanayo. Esi sisombululo sibalaseleyo sivumela abasasazi ukuba badlulise umqondiso omnye osebenza kuzo zombini izixhobo ze-HDR kunye ne-SDR. Uyilo losasazo lwe-HLG luyenza ilungele imidlalo ephilayo, iindaba, kunye neminye imixholo yexesha langempela apho iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ezifunekayo kwi-HDR10 + okanye iDolby Vision zingasebenzi. I-HLG ixhasa iRec. Indawo yemibala ye-2020 kunye ne-10-bit encoding, ibonelela ngophuculo olukhulu ngaphezulu kwe-SDR ngelixa kugcinwa ukulula okufunekayo kukusasaza kokuhamba komsebenzi. Abasasazi abakhulu behlabathi lonke bamkele i-HLG yokuhanjiswa kwe-HDR, kwaye ifomathi ixhaswa ngakumbi ngamaqonga okusasaza umxholo ophilayo. Ukukwazi kwefomathi ukusebenza ngaphandle kwemephu yethowuni entsonkothileyo kuyenza ixabiseke ngakumbi kubavelisi bomxholo abafuna ukuhanjiswa kweHDR ethembekileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokujonga.
IiNgcaciso zobuGcisa kunye nokuhambelana
Ukuqonda ubuchwephesha beefomathi ezahlukeneyo zeHDR kubalulekile kubavelisi bomxholo, abasasazi, kunye nabathengi abenza izigqibo zezixhobo. I-HDR10 isebenzisa ubunzulu bombala we-10-bit kunye neRec. Indawo yombala we-2020 kunye ne-PQ (SMPTE ST 2084) umsebenzi wokudlulisa, uxhasa ukukhanya okuphezulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10,000 nits enemetadata emileyo. I-HDR10 + igcina ezi nkcukacha zifanayo ngelixa isongeza amandla emethadatha ashukumisayo ngokusebenzisa SMPTE ST 2094-40 umgangatho. I-Dolby Vision inikezela ngezona nkcukacha ziphezulu kunye nobunzulu bombala we-12-bit, nangona ukuphunyezwa kwabathengi abaninzi kusebenzisa i-10-bit, kwaye ixhasa zombini imisebenzi yokudlulisa i-PQ kunye ne-HLG ngokuxhomekeke kwiprofayili esetyenzisiweyo. Iingqwalasela zokuhambelana zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhetheni ifomathi kunye nokusetyenziswa. I-HDR10 iyonwabela inkxaso yendalo iphela kuzo zonke izixhobo ezine-HDR, iyenza ibe lolona khetho lukhuselekileyo lokuhambelana okubanzi. Inkxaso ye-HDR10+ ikhule kakhulu, kunye nabavelisi abakhulu beTV kunye neenkonzo zokusasaza zamkela ifomathi, nangona ingekho yonke indawo njenge-HDR10. I-Dolby Vision idinga ilayisenisi kunye nenkxaso ye-hardware ethile, ukunciphisa ukufumaneka kwayo kwizixhobo ze-premium, kodwa inikezela ngowona mgangatho ubalaseleyo xa uphunyezwe ngokufanelekileyo. Inkxaso ye-HLG iyahluka ngokwengingqi kunye nesicelo, kunye nokwamkelwa okunamandla kwiimarike zosasazo xa kuthelekiswa nokusasazwa kunye nosetyenziso lwemithombo yeendaba.
Ukukhetha iFomathi yeHDR eLungileyo kwiiMfuno zakho
Ukukhetha ifomathi ye-HDR efanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi ezibandakanya uhlobo lomxholo, indlela yokuhambisa, abaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo, kunye neemfuno zobugcisa. Ukusasazwa komxholo jikelele kunye nokuhambelana okuphezulu, i-HDR10 ihlala ilona khetho olusebenzayo ngenxa yenkxaso yayo yonke kunye nokuthembeka okuqinisekisiweyo. Abadali bomxholo abajolise kumava e-premium kufuneka baqwalasele i-HDR10 + yezakhono zayo zemethadatha eziguqukayo ngelixa begcina ukuhambelana okubanzi, okanye i-Dolby Vision yokuphunyezwa komgangatho ophezulu apho abaphulaphuli abajoliswe kuyo banezixhobo eziphezulu ezihambelanayo. Ukuhamba komsebenzi wemveliso kunye nemijelo yokuhambisa ichaphazela kakhulu ukhetho lwefomathi. Iinkonzo zokusasaza zihlala zixhasa iifomathi ezininzi ze-HDR, zivumela umxholo ukuba uhanjiswe ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo ekhoyo kwisixhobo ngasinye. Usasazo lwezicelo lukholisa ukuthanda i-HLG ngezibonelelo zayo zokuhambelana kunye neemfuno zokuhamba komsebenzi ezilula. Abavelisi bemithombo yeendaba ngokomzimba banokukhetha phakathi kwe-HDR10 yokuhambelana okubanzi okanye iDolby Vision yokukhutshwa kweprimiyamu ejolise kubaphulaphuli abanomdla. Xa usebenza ngeefayile zevidiyo ze-HDR, ukuba nezixhobo ezithembekileyo zokuguqula ziba yimfuneko ukulungisa umxholo phakathi kweefomathi ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwiiplatifti ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo.
Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha
Iifomathi zeHDR ziKhonza iiNjongo ezahlukeneyo
Ifomathi nganye ye-HDR ijongana neemeko ezithile zokusetyenziswa kunye neemfuno zobugcisa
- I-HDR10 ibonelela ngokuhambelana kwendalo yonke ekuhanjisweni okubanzi
- I-HDR10+ kunye neDolby Vision zibonelela ngokusebenza okuguquguqukayo kumava eprimiyamu
- I-HLG iyagqwesa kusasazo kunye nezicelo zokusasaza bukhoma
IiNkcazo zoBugcisa uMgangatho weMpembelelo
Ukuqonda ukucaciswa kwefomathi kunceda ukwandisa ukuhanjiswa komxholo kunye namava okubukela
- Ubunzulu bombala we-10-bit bususa i-banding kunye nokuphucula i-gradient
- Imetadata eDynamic yenza umboniso-nge-scene ufezekiso
- Indawo yombala kunye nokukhanya okuphezulu kumisela impembelelo yembonakalo jikelele
Ukuhambelana Drives Adoption
Impumelelo yefomathi ixhomekeke kakhulu kwinkxaso yesixhobo kunye nokwamkelwa koshishino
- I-HDR10 ibonelela ngeyona ndlela ibanzi yokuhambelana kwesixhobo
- Iifomati zePremium zifuna inkxaso ethile yehardware
- Iifomathi zosasazo zibeka phambili ukuhamba lula komsebenzi ngaphezu komgangatho ophezulu
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwemetadata emileyo kunye neguqukayo kwi-HDR?
Imethadatha ye-Static (esetyenziswe kwi-HDR10) isebenzisa iiparitha ze-HDR ezifanayo kwividiyo yonke, ngelixa i-metadata eguquguqukayo (esetyenziswa kwi-HDR10 + kunye ne-Dolby Vision) ivumela ukulungelelaniswa kwendawo-nge-scene okanye isakhelo-nge-frame, ukubonelela ukulungelelaniswa okungcono kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya kunye neemfuno zombala.
Ngaba ndingabukela umxholo we-HDR10+ kwi-HDR10-kuphela umboniso?
Ewe, i-HDR10+ ibuyela ngasemva iyahambelana neziboniso ze-HDR10. Imethadatha eguquguqukayo ayisayi kuhoywa, kwaye umxholo uya kudlala usebenzisa isiseko se-HDR10 iiparamitha, usabonelela ngamava e-HDR nangona ngaphandle kokuphucula okuguquguqukayo.
Kutheni ezinye iinkonzo zokusasaza zibonelela ngeefomathi ezininzi zeHDR?
Iinkonzo zokusasaza zibonelela ngeefomathi ezininzi zeHDR ukuqinisekisa amava okubukela afanelekileyo kuzo zonke izixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Oku kubavumela ukuba bahambise i-Dolby Vision kwizixhobo zeprayimari ngelixa bebuyela kwi-HDR10 + okanye i-HDR10 yokuhambelana okubanzi, ukwandisa ukufikelela kwabaphulaphuli babo.
Ngaba iDolby Vision ihlala ingcono kune-HDR10+?
Umbono weDolby ngokuqhelekileyo unikezela ngeenkcukacha eziphezulu zobugcisa kunye nokusebenza okuyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa owona mahluko wokujonga uxhomekeke kumandla omboniso, umgangatho wokulawula umxholo, kunye nokusingqongileyo kokubukela. Zombini iifomati zibonelela ngamava abalaseleyo eHDR xa ziphunyezwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngaba ndifuna isoftware ekhethekileyo ukuze ndisebenze ngeefayile zevidiyo zeHDR?
Ukusebenza ngevidiyo yeHDR kufuna isoftware exhasa iifomati zeHDR kunye nolawulo olufanelekileyo lombala. Isoftware yokuhlela ividiyo yobuchwephesha, abadlali beendaba abanenkxaso ye-HDR, kunye nezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokuguqula ziyimfuneko ekugcineni umgangatho we-HDR kuyo yonke imveliso kunye nokuhanjiswa komsebenzi.
Kungakanani ukonyuka kwesayizi yefayile endiyilindele ngevidiyo yeHDR?
Ividiyo ye-HDR iqhele ukwandisa ubungakanani beefayile nge-25-40% xa kuthelekiswa nomxholo we-SDR olinganayo ngenxa ye-10-bit encoding, i-gamuts yombala eyandisiweyo, kunye ne-metadata overhead. Ukunyuka okuchanekileyo kuxhomekeke kwifomathi ethile ye-HDR, izicwangciso zoxinzelelo, kunye neempawu zomxholo.
Ngaba umxholo we-HDR unokuguqulwa phakathi kweefomathi ezahlukeneyo?
Ewe, umxholo we-HDR unokuguqulwa phakathi kweefomathi, nangona le nkqubo ifuna ukuphathwa ngononophelo kwezithuba zemibala, imephu yethoni, kunye nemethadatha ukugcina umgangatho. Olunye uguqulo lunokukhokelela ekulahlekeni komgangatho, ngakumbi xa kuguqulelwa kwiifomathi ezicaciswe phezulu njengeDolby Vision ukuya kwiHDR10.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa umxholo we-HDR udlalwa kwiziboniso ezingezizo eze-HDR?
Xa umxholo we-HDR udlalwa kwimiboniso ye-SDR, imephu yethoni iyenzeka ukucinezela uluhlu olwandisiweyo oluguquguqukayo kwisakhono somboniso. Le nkqubo iyahluka kumgangatho ngokuxhomekeke kwisoftware yomdlali kwaye inokubangela imifanekiso ebonakala imnyama kakhulu okanye ihlanjwe ngaphandle kwemephu yethowuni efanelekileyo.
Sebenzisa Ulwazi Lwakho
Ngoku uyawaqonda amagama, zama uQinisekisa ukuze usebenzise oko ukufundileyo. Uguqulelo lwasimahla, olungenamda kwaye akukho akhawunti ifunekayo.