IsiKhokelo sokuKhetha isantya sesakhelo
Isikhokelo esibanzi sokukunceda uqonde isikhokelo sokukhetha izinga lesakhelo.
Ukuqonda iSiseko seSinga leSakhelo
Ireyithi yesakhelo, elinganiselwa kwizakhelo ngesekhondi (fps), imisela ukuba mingaphi imifanekiso nganye eboniswayo ngesekhondi kwividiyo. Le ngcamango isisiseko ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo indlela intshukumo egudileyo ibonakala ngayo kubabukeli kwaye ichaphazela amava okubukela ngokubanzi. Iireyithi zesakhelo ezisemgangathweni ziquka i-24fps ye-cinema, i-30fps kumabonakude kunye nomxholo wewebhu, kunye ne-60fps yentshukumo egudileyo kumdlalo kunye nosasazo lwezemidlalo. Ukukhethwa kwereyithi yesakhelo kuchaphazela ubungakanani befayile, iimfuno zokucwangcisa, kunye nomgangatho wokubonwayo. Iireyithi eziphezulu zesakhelo zenza intshukumo egudileyo kodwa ikhokelela kubungakanani beefayile ezinkulu kunye neemfuno zokwanda kwe-bandwidth yokusasaza. Amaxabiso asezantsi esakhelo anciphisa ubungakanani befayile kodwa angazisa ukufiphala kwentshukumo okanye ukuthintitha ngexesha lolandelelwano olukhawulezayo. Ukuqonda oku kurhwebelwano kubalulekile ekukhetheni umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wesakhelo kwimeko yakho yosetyenziso. Ireyithi yesakhelo isebenzisana neteknoloji yokubonisa kunye nemigangatho yosasazo yengingqi. Imimandla ye-NTSC ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa i-29.97fps okanye i-59.94fps, ngelixa imimandla ye-PAL isebenzisa i-25fps okanye i-50fps. Iziboniso zanamhlanje zinokusingatha iireyithi ezahlukeneyo zesakhelo, kodwa iireyithi ezingahambelaniyo phakathi komxholo kunye nomboniso zinokubangela ukuba umgwebi okanye isakhelo siwise, sichaphazela amava okubukela.
- I-24fps: Umgangatho weCinema wokukhutshwa kwethiyetha kunye nomxholo onjengefilimu
- I-30fps: Umabonwakude kunye nomgangatho wevidiyo yewebhu kuninzi lomxholo
- I-60fps: Izinga eliphezulu lesakhelo sezemidlalo, imidlalo, kunye nomxholo oshukumayo ogudileyo
Ukukhetha iireyithi zesakhelo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesiqulatho
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zomxholo wevidiyo zizuza kukhetho oluthile lwesakhelo esisekelwe kusetyenziso olujoliswe kuyo kunye nolindelo lwabaphulaphuli. Iifilimu ezibalisayo kunye neengxelo ezibhaliweyo ngokuqhelekileyo zisebenzisa i-24fps ukugcina inkangeleko yebhanyabhanya yemveli edityaniswa nabaphulaphuli kunye neemveliso zobungcali. Esi santya sesakhelo sibonelela ngokufiphala kwentshukumo yendalo abathi ababukeli abaninzi bayifumane ithandeka kwaye inceda ukufihla ukungafezeki okuncinci kwintshukumo. Isiqulatho sikamabonakude, kuquka usasazo lweendaba, iinkqubo zentetho, kunye nomabonakude wokwenyani, ngokuqhelekileyo usebenzisa i-30fps okanye i-29.97fps. Lo mgangatho uphezulu wesakhelo ubonelela ngentshukumo egudileyo kune-cinema ngelixa ugcina ubungakanani beefayile ezifanelekileyo zokusasaza. Umxholo wezemidlalo ukholisa ukuxhamla nakwezi nqanaba eziphezulu zesakhelo ezifana ne-60fps, ethi ibambe iintshukumo ezikhawulezayo ngokucacileyo kwaye ivumela amandla angcono omdlalo wokucotha. Abadali bomxholo we-Intanethi kufuneka balinganise ukukhethwa kwezinga lesakhelo kunye namaxesha okulayisha, iindleko zokugcina, kunye nokulinganiselwa komda wokubukela. Ngelixa i-60fps ibonelela ngamava okujonga agudileyo, iphinda kabini ubungakanani befayile xa kuthelekiswa nomxholo we-30fps. Abadali abaninzi abaphumeleleyo basebenzisa i-30fps kumxholo wokuthetha-entloko kunye ne-60fps kwizinto ezinobunzima obufana neevidiyo zokudlala okanye izifundo ezinotshintsho olukhawulezayo lwesikrini.
- Umxholo obalisayo: 24fps yokuziva bhanyabhanya kunye nokungacaci kwentshukumo yendalo
- Imidlalo kunye nentshukumo: 60fps yentshukumo ekhawulezayo ekhawulezayo kunye nezakhono zokucotha
- Umxholo wewebhu: 30fps njengebhalansi phakathi komgangatho kunye nobukhulu befayile
Iingqwalaselo zobuGcisa zokuKhetha iRayithi yeSakhelo
Ukukhethwa kwereyithi yesakhelo kubandakanya izinto ezininzi zobugcisa ezichaphazela ukuhamba komsebenzi wemveliso kunye nomgangatho wokugqibela wesiphumo. Ubunakho besixhobo sokurekhoda buhlala bumisela iinketho zereyithi ekhoyo, njengoko ingezizo zonke iikhamera ezixhasa ireyithi yesakhelo kuzo zonke izisombululo. Iikhamera zobuchwephesha zibonelela ngokuguquguquka okuthe kratya kwesakhelo, ngelixa izixhobo zabathengi zinokukhawulelwa kwiinketho eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-30fps kunye ne-60fps. Iimfuno zamandla okuqhuba zinyuka kakhulu ngeereyithi eziphezulu zesakhelo. Ukuhlela, ukuhlelwa kombala, kunye namaxesha onikezelo aphantse aphindwe kabini xa ushukuma ukusuka kwi-30fps ukuya kumxholo we-60fps. Iimfuno zokugcina zikwalinganisa ngokulandelelana ngesantya sefreyimu – ividiyo ye-60fps ifuna kabini indawo yokugcina yevidiyo ye-30fps efanayo. Le miba kufuneka iqwalaselwe xa kucwangciswa iiprojekthi, ngakumbi kumaqela anezixhobo ezilinganiselweyo zekhompyutha. Amaqonga onikezelo anyanzelisa ukuqwalaselwa kwesantya sesakhelo sawo. Iinkonzo zokusasaza zineengcebiso ezithile kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zomxholo, kwaye amanye amaqonga ahlengahlengisa ngokuzenzekelayo amaxabiso esakhelo ngexesha le-transcoding. IYouTube ixhasa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60fps kwizisombululo ezininzi, ngelixa amaqonga amadala anokwehlisela iisakhelo eziphezulu. Ukuqonda amandla eqonga lendawo kuqinisekisa ukuboniswa komxholo wakho njengoko kujongwe kuzo zonke iimeko zokujonga.
Ukuguqulwa koMgangatho weSakhelo kunye neMpembelelo yoMgangatho
Ukuguqula phakathi kwamazinga ahlukeneyo esakhelo kufuna i-algorithms enobunkunkqele ukugcina umgangatho wokubonwayo kunye nentshukumo egudileyo. Ukuguqulwa kwesantya sesakhelo kunokubandakanya ukulahla izakhelo (ukunciphisa) okanye ukudala izakhelo ezitsha ngofakelo. Ukwehla kwesakhelo esilula ukusuka kwi-60fps ukuya kwi-30fps sisusa sonke esinye isakhelo, esigcina umgangatho olungileyo kodwa sinokuzisa ithintitha encinci ngolandelelwano olukhawulezayo. Ukudala iireyithi eziphezulu zesakhelo ukusuka kwezo zisezantsi ngokusebenzisa i-interpolation kunzima kakhulu kwaye kunokwazisa ii-artifacts. Ii-algorithms zale mihla zoguqulo zihlalutya ii-vectors ezishukumayo phakathi kwezakhelo ukuvelisa izakhelo eziphakathi, kodwa iziphumo ziyohluka kakhulu ngokusekelwe kubunzima bomxholo. Imiboniso elula enentshukumo encinci iguquka kakuhle, ngelixa imiboniso entsonkothileyo enezinto ezininzi ezihambayo, ukungafihli, okanye ukusikwa okukhawulezileyo kunokubonisa izinto zakudala ezibonakalayo. Xa uguqula imilinganiselo yesakhelo, ukugcinwa kwereyithi yesakhelo sokuqala kuyo yonke imveliso kunye nokuguqula kuphela unikezelo lokugqibela kuvelisa ezona ziphumo zingcono. Uguqulo oluninzi ludibanisa ilahleko yobulunga kwaye lunokwazisa izinto zakudala ezongezelekayo. Ukuhamba komsebenzi kobuchwephesha kudla ngokugcina iifayile eziphambili kwinqanaba eliphezulu lesakhelo esisebenzayo kwaye zenze iinguqulelo zokuhanjiswa njengoko zifuneka kumaqonga ahlukeneyo kunye namatyala okusebenzisa.
IziKhokelo zeNyingelelo yeSigangatho esiQhelekileyo
Iiplatifti ezahlukeneyo zokusasaza ziye zaseka imigangatho yomgangatho wesakhelo kunye neengcebiso ekufuneka abaqulunqi bomxholo bafanele balandele ukuze bafumane amava ombukeli afanelekileyo. Usasazo lukamabonakude lugcina iimfuno zomlinganiselo ongqongqo wesakhelo esekwe kwimigangatho yengingqi – 29.97fps yemimandla ye-NTSC kunye ne-25fps yemimandla ye-PAL. Le migangatho iqinisekisa ukuhambelana neziseko zokusasaza kunye nolindelo lwezixhobo zombukeli. Iiplatifti zokusasaza zibonelela ngokuguquguquka okuthe kratya kodwa zisenokukhetha amaxabiso esakhelo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zomxholo. I-Netflix incoma i-24fps yesiqulatho esibalisayo ukugcina umgangatho we-cinematic, ngelixa ucebisa i-30fps okanye ngaphezulu kumaxwebhu kunye nomxholo ongabhalwanga. Amaqonga agxile kumdlalo afana neTwitch ithanda kakhulu i-60fps yemilambo ephilayo ukuze ibonelele ngamava okubukela okukhawulezayo okudlala. Iiplatifti zeendaba zoluntu nganye zineengqalelo zezinga lesakhelo ezisekelwe kwiipatheni zokujonga iselula kunye nokunciphisa umda. I-Instagram kunye neTikTok zihlala zibonisa umxholo kwi-30fps ubuninzi, nokuba iireyithi eziphezulu zefreyimu zilayishiwe. Ukuqonda le mida yeqonga kunceda abadali bakhulise umxholo wabo kwindawo nganye ekuyiwa kuyo ngelixa benqanda ukunyuswa kobungakanani befayile obungeyomfuneko ukusuka kumazinga aphezulu angasetyenziswanga.
Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha
UKhetho lwesiGaba esiKhethekileyo soMxholo
Khetha iireyithi zesakhelo ezisekelwe kuhlobo lomxholo wakho kunye nolindelo lwabaphulaphuli ukuze ufumane amava okubukela
- Sebenzisa i-24fps kumxholo we-cinematic yokubalisa kunye nomsebenzi wefilimu yobuchwephesha
- Khetha i-30fps yomxholo wewebhu oqhelekileyo, izifundo, kunye nemveliso yohlobo lukamabonakude
- Khetha i-60fps yemidlalo, ezemidlalo, kunye nomxholo ofuna ukuthathwa kwentshukumo egudileyo
UCwangciso lweMithombo yobuGcisa
Amazinga aphezulu esakhelo achaphazela kakhulu ukugcinwa, ukusetyenzwa, kunye neemfuno ze-bandwidth kulo lonke uhambo lwakho lokusebenza
- Ibhajethi kabini indawo yokugcina kunye nexesha lokucubungula xa uhamba ukusuka kwi-30fps ukuya kwi-60fps
- Qwalasela izakhono zeqonga lakho phambi kokukhetha iireyithi zesakhelo
- Cwangcisa unikezelo olude kunye namaxesha okulayisha kunye nomxholo wesantya esiphezulu
IiNdlela eziPhambili zokuGuqulwa kweziGanga leSakhelo
Nciphisa ilahleko yomgangatho ngokucwangcisa ukukhethwa kwezinga lesakhelo kwangoko kwaye uthintele iinguqu ezininzi
- Rekhoda kwaye uhlele ngeyona ndlela iphezulu yesakhelo esifunekayo, emva koko uguqulele ukuhanjiswa
- Sebenzisa izixhobo zoguqulo zobuchwephesha zotshintsho lwesantya sesakhelo ukunciphisa izinto zakudala
- Vavanya ireyithi yesakhelo soguqulelo ngohlobo oluthile lomxholo wakho ukuvavanya impembelelo yobulunga
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-30fps kunye ne-60fps kumgangatho wevidiyo?
I-60fps ibonelela ngentshukumo egudileyo kune-30fps, iphawuleka ngakumbi ngexesha lesenzo esikhawulezayo okanye iintshukumo zekhamera. Nangona kunjalo, iifayile ze-60fps ziphindwe kabini kwaye zifuna amandla okuqhubela phambili. I-30fps yanele kwiintlobo ezininzi zomxholo, ngelixa i-60fps ixhamla iividiyo zokudlala, ezemidlalo, kunye nomxholo ohamba ngokukhawuleza.
Ngaba ndingakwazi ukuguqula ividiyo ye-30fps ukuya kwi-60fps ngaphandle kokulahleka komgangatho?
Ukuguqula i-30fps ukuya kwi-60fps kufuna ukudala iifreyimu ezintsha eziphakathi ngokufakela, ezinokwazisa izinto zakudala kwaye aziyi kuhambelana nyani nomgangatho we-60fps. Ngelixa ii-algorithms zangoku zinokuvelisa iziphumo ezamkelekileyo zolunye uhlobo lomxholo, kuhlala kungcono ukurekhoda kwireyithi yesakhelo ekujoliswe kuko xa kunokwenzeka.
Kutheni iimuvi zisebenzisa i-24fps endaweni yamaxabiso aphezulu efreyimu?
I-24fps ibe ngumgangatho we-cinema kuba ibonelela ngentshukumo egudileyo ngelixa inciphisa iindleko zefilimu. Ukufiphala okuncinci kwentshukumo kwi-24fps kudala inkangeleko ye-cinematic eyahlukileyo edityaniswa nabaphulaphuli kunye neefilim zobungcali. Amazinga aphezulu esakhelo anokwenza umxholo ubonakale ugudile kakhulu okanye ufane nevidiyo kwi-cinema ebalisayo.
Ndiwukhetha njani umlinganiselo wesakhelo esifanelekileyo seevidiyo zikaYouTube?
KuYouTube, sebenzisa i-24fps kumxholo we-cinematic, i-30fps yeevidiyo eziqhelekileyo ezifana nezifundo okanye iivlogs, kunye ne-60fps kumdlalo okanye umxholo wesenzo. Qwalasela i-bandwidth yakho yokulayisha kunye nemida yokugcina, njengoko iifayile ze-60fps zinkulu kakhulu kodwa zibonelela ngokudlala okugudileyo kumxholo onzima.
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ireyithi yesakhelo sevidiyo yam ayihambelani nesiboniso sam?
Iireyithi zesakhelo ezingafaniyo phakathi komxholo wevidiyo kunye neziboniso zinokubangela umgwebi, ukuthintitha, okanye ukunyakaza okungalinganiyo. Iziboniso zale mihla kunye nabadlali bemidiya baphatha uguqulo lwesakhelo ngokuzenzekelayo, kodwa ukuthelekisa okugqibeleleyo kubonelela ngamava okujonga agudileyo. Ezinye iziboniso eziphezulu zibonelela ngamaxabiso aguqukayo okuhlaziya ukuhambelana nomxholo.
Ngaba amazinga aphezulu esakhelo ahlala ejongeka ngcono?
Akunjalo. Amazinga aphezulu esakhelo abonelela ngentshukumo egudileyo kodwa anokwenza umxholo ubonakale uyinyani kakhulu okanye ufana nevidiyo kwizicelo ezithile. Iifilimu ezibalisayo zihlala zijongeka ngcono kwi-24fps, ngelixa umdlalo kunye nomxholo wemidlalo uzuza kwi-60fps. Ireyithi yesakhelo ‘engcono’ ixhomekeke kuhlobo lomxholo kunye nomxholo wokujongwa.
Ingakanani indawo yokugcina efunwa yi-60fps xa kuthelekiswa ne-30fps?
Ividiyo ye-60fps ifuna malunga nesithuba esiphindwe kabini sogcino lwevidiyo ye-30fps enesisombululo esifanayo kunye noseto lomgangatho. Oku kungenxa yokuba ugcina izakhelo eziphindwe kabini ngomzuzwana. Ukunyuka okuchanekileyo kuxhomekeke ekusebenzeni koxinzelelo, kodwa ukucwangcisa kabini indawo yokugcina ingqikelelo ekhuselekileyo.
Sebenzisa Ulwazi Lwakho
Ngoku uyawaqonda amagama, zama uQinisekisa ukuze usebenzise oko ukufundileyo. Uguqulelo lwasimahla, olungenamda kwaye akukho akhawunti ifunekayo.