Encyclopedia e Felletseng ea Format ea Faele

Tataiso e felletseng ea liforomo tsohle tsa lifaele ka mekhahlelo e fapaneng ho kenyelletsa litokomane, litšoantšo, molumo, video le tse ling. Utloisisa hore na u ka sebelisa lifomate tse khethehileng neng bakeng sa liphetho tse nepahetseng.

450+ File Formats

15+ Lihlopha

Lipapiso tsa Sebopeho

Tataiso ea Setsebi

Sheba Liforomo tsa Lifaele Tataiso ea Khetho ea Sebopeho

Lihlopha tse kholo tsa Format File

Liforomo tsa Litokomane

Lifomete tsa faele tse etselitsoeng litokomane tsa mongolo, li-spreadsheet, lipuo, le lifaele tse ling tse amanang le ofisi tse bolokang mongolo le data e hlophisitsoeng.

Lifomate tsa ts’ebetso ea mantsoe (DOCX, DOC, ODT, RTF)
Mefuta ea li-spreadsheet (XLSX, XLS, ODS, CSV)
Mefuta ea tlhahiso (PPTX, PPT, ODP)
Lifomate tse nkehang (PDF, XPS, EPUB)

Libopeho tsa Litšoantšo

Liforomo tsa faele tse bolokang litšoantšo tsa dijithale, ho kenyeletsoa raster (pixel-based) le li-graph tsa vector (tseleng) bakeng sa linyeoe tse fapaneng tsa ts’ebeliso.

Mefuta ea Raster (JPEG, PNG, GIF, WebP, TIFF)
Mefuta ea Vector (SVG, AI, EPS, CDR)
Mefuta e tala ea khamera (CR2, NEF, ARW, DNG)
Mefuta e fapaneng (PSD, XCF, PSB)

Liforomo tsa Video

Liforomo tsa faele tse etselitsoeng ho boloka litšoantšo tse tsamaeang, molumo, le metadata e amanang le eona bakeng sa ho bapala lisebelisoa le liforomo tse fapaneng.

Mefuta ea setshelo (MP4, MKV, AVI, WebM)
Lifomate tsa video tsa webo (MP4, WebM, OGV)
Mefuta ea litsebi (ProRes, DNxHD, MXF)
Mefuta ea lefa (WMV, FLV, 3GP)

Lisebelisoa tsa Audio

Liforomo tsa faele tse bolokang data ea audio ea dijithale, tse tšehetsang maemo a fapaneng a boleng, khatello, le metadata bakeng sa lits’ebetso tse fapaneng.

Mefuta e hatelitsoeng (MP3, AAC, OGG, WMA)
Mefuta e sa lahleheng (FLAC, ALAC, WAV, AIFF)
Mefuta ea litsebi (PCM, DSD, MQA)
Mefuta ea lenane la lipina (M3U, PLS, WPL)

Liforomo tsa Archive

Liforomo tsa faele tse kopanyang lifaele le lifoldara tse ngata ka har’a sets’oants’o se le seng, hangata ka khatello ea ho fokotsa boholo ba faele le likhetho tsa encryption.

Litlaleho tse tloaelehileng (ZIP, RAR, 7Z, TAR)
Lipolokelo tse ikhethileng sethaleng (CAB, DMG, PKG)
Mefuta ea litšoantšo tsa Disk (ISO, IMG, BIN)
Litlaleho tse khethehileng (PAR, SFX, UUE)

Database Formats

Liforomo tsa faele tse sebelisetsoang ho boloka data e hlophisitsoeng ka har’a datha, ho tloha ho li-database tse bonolo tsa komporo ho isa lits’ebetsong tsa database tsa boemo ba khoebo.

Mananeo a Desktop (MDB, ACCDB, SQLite)
Lifaele tsa database tsa seva (MDF, NDF, DBF)
Lifomate tsa bekapo (BAK, DMP, SQL)
Mefuta ea phapanyetsano ea data (XML, JSON, CSV)

Liforomo tsa Lifaele tsa Tokomane

Libopeho tsa Ts’ebetso ea Mantsoe

Liforomo tsa ts’ebetso ea mantsoe li etselitsoe ho boloka litokomane tsa mongolo ka fomete, litšoantšo, litafole le likarolo tse ling. Mefuta ena e sebelisoa hangata ho theha litlhaku, litlaleho, lingoliloeng, libuka le litaba tse ling tse thehiloeng ho mongolo.

.DOCX Microsoft

Microsoft Word Open XML Document format, e hlahisitsoeng ka Word 2007. E sebelisa compression ea ZIP le XML ho boloka litaba tsa litokomane, e leng se hlahisang boholo ba lifaele tse nyenyane ha li bapisoa le mokhoa oa khale oa DOC.

Moetsi: Microsoft Corporation
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
Compression: ZIP
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Tlhahiso e tloaelehileng ea litokomane, litokomane tsa khoebo, ho lumellana le Microsoft Office

.DOC Lefa

Sebopeho sa lefa la Microsoft Word Document se sebelisitsoeng pele ho Office 2007. Ke proprietary binary format e bolokang mongolo o hlophisitsoeng, litšoantšo, le likarolo tse ling tsa litokomane.

Moetsi: Microsoft Corporation
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/msword
Compression: Binary ea thepa
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho tsamaellana ka morao le liphetolelo tsa khale tsa Word le li-processor tse ling tsa mantsoe

.ODT Open Standard

Sebopeho sa OpenDocument Text Document, tekanyetso e bulehileng bakeng sa litokomane tsa ho sebetsana le mantsoe. Ke sebopeho sa kamehla sa LibreOffice Writer le li-suites tse ling tsa liofisi tse bulehileng.

Moetsi: OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text
Compression: ZIP
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho arolelana litokomane tse fapaneng, ho boloka litokomane tsa nako e telele, libaka tse bulehileng

.RTF Bokahohle

Rich Text Format, sebopeho sa faele sa li-cross-platform se bolokang fomete ea mongolo. E tšehetsoa ke hoo e batlang e le li-processor tsa mantsoe ‘me e boloka likarolo tse ngata tsa ho fomata.

Moetsi: Microsoft Corporation
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/rtf
Compression: Ha ho letho (mongolo o hlakileng o nang le likhoutu tsa taolo)
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Litokomane tse hlophisitsoeng tsa mantlha tse tsamaellanang haholo le li-platform

Libopeho tsa Spreadsheet

Mefuta ea li-spreadsheet e boloka data ea tabular e hlophisitsoeng ka mela le likholomo, hammoho le liforomo, mesebetsi le lichate. Mefuta ena e sebelisoa bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea lichelete, mokhatlo oa data, lipalo le lipono.

.XLSX Microsoft

Microsoft Excel Open XML Spreadsheet format, e hlahisitsoeng Excel 2007. E sebelisa compression ea ZIP le XML, e lumellang li-spreadsheet tse kholoanyane tse nang le mela le likholomo tse ngata ho feta mokhoa oa khale oa XLS.

Moetsi: Microsoft Corporation
Mofuta oa MIME: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
Mela e Meholo: 1,048,576
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Tlhahlobo ea lichelete, tsamaiso ea data, lipalo tse rarahaneng

.XLS Lefa

Lefa la Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet format e sebelisitsoeng pele ho Excel 2007. Ke sebopeho sa binary se nang le meeli ea boholo ba spreadsheet le palo ea mesebetsi ha e bapisoa le mekhoa e mecha.

Moetsi: Microsoft Corporation
Mofuta oa MIME: application/vnd.ms-excel
Mela e Meholo: 65,536
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: E lumellana le mefuta le litsamaiso tsa khale tsa Excel

.ODS Open Standard

OpenDocument Spreadsheet format, tekanyetso e bulehileng bakeng sa litokomane tsa spreadsheet. Ke sebopeho sa kamehla sa LibreOffice Calc le lits’ebetso tse ling tsa li-spreadsheet tse bulehileng.

Moetsi: OASIS OpenDocument Format
Mofuta oa MIME: application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet
Sebopeho: Sebaka sa polokelo ea ZIP se nang le lifaele tsa XML
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Cross-platform spreadsheets, libaka tsa mohloli o bulehileng

.CSV Bokahohle

Sebopeho sa Maemo a Arohantsoeng ka Likoma, mokhoa o bonolo oa mongolo o bolokang data ea tabular. Mola o mong le o mong o emela mola, ‘me boleng bo aroloa ka lifeheloa kapa li-delimiters tse ling.

Mofuta: Mongolo o sa Tšoaneng
Mofuta oa MIME: mongolo/csv
Meeli: Ha ho na lifomete, liforomo, kapa maqephe a mangata
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Phapanyetsano ea data lipakeng tsa lits’ebetso tse fapaneng, polokelo e bonolo ea data

Libopeho tsa Tlhahiso

Lifomete tsa tlhahiso li boloka li-slideshows tse nang le mongolo, litšoantšo, litšoantšo, le likarolo tsa multimedia. Liforomo tsena li sebelisetsoa ho etsa lipuo bakeng sa likopano tsa khoebo, likopano, thuto le maemo a mang.

.PPTX Microsoft

Microsoft PowerPoint Open XML Presentation format, e hlahisitsoeng ka PowerPoint 2007. E sebelisa compression ea ZIP le XML ho boloka li-slide, libopeho, lipopae, le likarolo tse ling tsa tlhahiso.

Moetsi: Microsoft Corporation
Mofuta oa MIME: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation
Likarolo: Lipopae, liphetoho, multimedia
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Litlhahiso tsa khoebo, litaba tsa thuto, li-slideshows tse ruileng tsa multimedia

.PPT Lefa

Legacy Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation format e sebelisitsoeng pele ho PowerPoint 2007. Ke sebopeho sa binary se bolokang li-slide, litšoantšo, le lipopae bakeng sa lipuo.

Moetsi: Microsoft Corporation
Mofuta oa MIME: application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
Meeli: Boholo ba faele, likarolo tse fokolang ho feta PPTX
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: E lumellana le mefuta ea khale ea PowerPoint

.ODP Open Standard

OpenDocument Presentation format, tekanyetso e bulehileng ea litokomane tsa tlhahiso. Ke sebopeho sa kamehla sa LibreOffice Impress le lits’ebetso tse ling tsa tlhahiso ea mohloli o bulehileng.

Moetsi: OASIS OpenDocument Format
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation
Sebopeho: Sebaka sa polokelo ea ZIP se nang le lifaele tsa XML
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Litlhahiso tsa li-cross-platform, libaka tsa mohloli o bulehileng

.KEY Apple

Sebopeho sa Apple Keynote Presentation, sebopeho sa tlhaho sa Apple’s Keynote application. E fana ka likarolo tse tsoetseng pele tsa animation le kopanyo e tiileng le lihlahisoa tse ling tsa Apple.

Moetsi: Apple Inc.
Mofuta oa MIME: application/vnd.apple.keynote
Sethala: macOS, iOS, iCloud
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Litlhahiso tse shebaneng le moralo, basebelisi ba Apple ecosystem

Portable Document Formats

Liforomo tsa litokomane tse nkehang li etselitsoe ho boloka ponahalo e ts’oanang ho li-platform le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng. Lifomete tsena li boloka sebopeho, lifonti, litšoantšo le likarolo tse ling hantle kamoo a reriloeng ke moetsi.

.PDF Standard

Portable Document Format, e ntlafalitsoeng ho hlahisa litokomane ka mokhoa o ts’oanang ho li-platform tsohle. PDF e boloka lifomete tsa litokomane, lits’oants’o le sebopeho ho sa tsotelehe ts’ebeliso kapa sistimi e sebelisoang ho e sheba.

Moetsi: Adobe Systems (eo hona joale e leng maemo a ISO)
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/pdf
Likarolo: Liforomo, li-signature tsa dijithale, encryption
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Kabo ea litokomane, ho boloka litokomane, liforomo, litokomane tsa molao

.XPS Microsoft

Tlhaloso ea pampiri ea XML, mofuta o mong oa Microsoft ho PDF. Ke tlhaloso e bulehileng bakeng sa puo ea tlhaloso ea leqephe le sebopeho sa litokomane tse tsitsitseng, tse thehiloeng ho XML.

Moetsi: Microsoft Corporation
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/oxps, kopo/vnd.ms-xpsdocument
Sebopeho: Sebaka sa polokelo ea ZIP se nang le XML, lisebelisoa
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho arolelana litokomane tse khethehileng tsa Windows, litsamaiso tsa khatiso

.EPUB eBook

Electronic Publication format, tekanyetso e bulehileng ea libuka tsa elektronike e entsoeng ke International Digital Publishing Forum. E lumella litaba tse ka fetisetsoang ho ikamahanya le boholo bo fapaneng ba skrine.

Moetsi: Foramo ea Machaba ea Phatlalatso ea Dijithale (IDPF)
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/epub+zip
Likarolo: Mongolo o ka khutlisang hape, lifonti tse kentsoeng, litšoantšo
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Libuka tsa elektronike, likhatiso tsa dijithale, litaba tse ka sebelisoang hape

.MOBI eBook

MobiPocket eBook format, e ntlafalitsoeng bakeng sa MobiPocket Reader ‘me hamorao ea sebelisoa ke Amazon Kindle e-readers. E tšehetsa li-bookmark, lintlha, le litokiso.

Moetsi: MobiPocket (Amazon)
Mofuta oa MIME: application/x-mobipocket-ebook
Meeli: Likhetho tse nyane tsa ho fometa ho feta EPUB
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Amazon Kindle ecosystem, babali ba khale ba e-mail

Litšoantšo tsa Lifaele tsa Litšoantšo

Liforomo tsa Litšoantšo tsa Raster

Lifomete tsa litšoantšo tsa raster li boloka data ea setšoantšo e le grid ea pixels ka bomong. Pixel e ‘ngoe le e’ ngoe e na le leseli la mebala, ‘me boleng ba litšoantšo tsa raster bo itšetlehile ka qeto ea bona le botebo ba tsona.

.JPEG / .JPG E petelitsoe

Sebopeho sa Joint Photographic Experts Group, sebopeho sa khatello ea tahlehelo bakeng sa litšoantšo tsa digital. JPEG e hatella data ea setšoantšo ka ho lahla lintlha tse ling, e etsa hore e lokele linepe le litšoantšo tse rarahaneng.

Moetsi: Sehlopha se Kopaneng sa Litsebi tsa Litšoantšo
Mofuta oa MIME: setšoantšo/jpeg
Compression: E lahlehile (boleng bo ka lokisehang)
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Lifoto, litšoantšo tsa marang-rang, li-gradients tse rarahaneng tsa mebala

.PNG E hlokang tahlehelo

Portable Network Graphics format, mokhoa o sa lahleheng oa compression o tšehetsang ponaletso. PNG e entsoe e le phetoho e ntlafalitsoeng, e senang tokelo ea molao bakeng sa GIF.

Moetsi: Sehlopha sa ntlafatso sa PNG
Mofuta oa MIME: setšoantšo/png
Likarolo: Alpha ponaletso, khatello e se nang tahlehelo
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Litšoantšo tsa webo, li-logo, litšoantšo tse pepeneneng

.GIF Animation

Graphics Interchange Format, sebopeho sa setšoantšo sa bitmap se tšehetsang lipopae le ho sebelisa phalete ea mebala e fihlang ho 256. GIF e sebelisa khatello e sa lahleheng ‘me e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa litšoantšo tse bonolo.

Moetsi: CompuServe
Mofuta oa MIME: setšoantšo/gif
Meeli: 256 mebala boholo foreime ka ‘ngoe
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Litšoantšo tse bonolo, litšoantšo, litšoantšo tse nang le mebala e fokolang

.WebP Ea kajeno

Sebopeho sa Sets’oants’o sa Webo, se ntlafalitsoeng ke Google ho nkela JPEG, PNG, le GIF sebaka. E fana ka khatello e phahameng ea tahlehelo le tahlehelo bakeng sa litšoantšo tsa webo mme e ts’ehetsa animation le pepeneneng.

Moetsi: Google
Mofuta oa MIME: setšoantšo/webp
Compression: Ka bobeli tahlehelo le tahlehelo ea likhetho
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Litšoantšo tsa webo, boholo ba lifaele tse nyane ha u ntse u boloka boleng

.TIFF / .TIF Setsebi

Tagged Image File Format, sebopeho sa raster se feto-fetohang se sebelisoang hangata ho hatisa, ho nka linepe le khatisong ea litsebi. E tšehetsa libaka tse ngata tsa mebala le mekhoa ea ho hatella.

Moetsi: Aldus Corporation (hona joale ke Adobe)
Mofuta oa MIME: setšoantšo/tiff
Likarolo: Likarolo, maqephe a mangata, likhetho tse fapaneng tsa compression
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho nka lifoto tsa litsebi, khatiso ea khatiso, ho boloka boitsebiso

.BMP Motheo

Sebopeho sa Bitmap Image File, sebopeho se bonolo sa litšoantšo sa raster se sebelisoang ke sistimi e sebetsang ea Windows. E boloka pixel ea data ea setšoantšo ka pixel ntle le khatello maemong a mangata.

Moetsi: Microsoft Corporation
Mofuta oa MIME: setšoantšo/bmp
Compression: Ha ho letho kapa RLE (ha e sebelisoe hangata)
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Grafiken e bonolo, lits’ebetso tsa Windows, ho lumellana

Mefuta ea Litšoantšo tsa Vector

Lifomete tsa litšoantšo tsa Vector li boloka data ea setšoantšo e le liforomo tsa lipalo ho fapana le lipikselse. Sena se lumella litšoantšo tsa vector hore li fetisetsoe boholong leha e le bofe ntle le ho lahleheloa ke boleng, ho etsa hore e be tse loketseng bakeng sa li-logos, litšoantšo le litšoantšo.

.SVG Web Standard

Sebopeho sa Scalable Vector Graphics, sebopeho sa setšoantšo sa vector se thehiloeng ho XML bakeng sa tepo. SVG e hlalosa lits’oants’o ka sebopeho sa XML, e li lumella ho batlisisoa, ho ngolisoa, ho ngoloa le ho hatelloa.

Moetsi: World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
Mofuta oa MIME: setšoantšo/svg+xml
Likarolo: Animation, tšebelisano ka CSS le JavaScript
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Grafiken ea webo, moralo o arabelang, litšoantšo, litšoantšo

.AI Adobe

Adobe Illustrator Artwork format, mofuta oa faele oa tlhaho o sebelisoang ke Adobe Illustrator. Ke mokhoa oa ho theha le ho boloka litšoantšo tsa vector tse nang le likarolo tse tsoetseng pele.

Moetsi: Adobe Systems
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/postscript
E ipapisitse le: PDF (ho tloha ho Illustrator 9)
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Moralo oa litšoantšo oa profeshenale, li-logo, lipapiso

.EPS Khatiso

Sebopeho sa PostScript se kentsoeng, sebopeho sa faele sa litšoantšo se thehiloeng ho puo ea PostScript. E sebelisoa haholo mekhoeng ea ho hatisa le ho hatisa mosebetsi.

Moetsi: Adobe Systems
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/postscript
Likarolo: Sheba setšoantšo, khoutu ea PostScript, tšebelisano e pharaletseng
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Khatiso ea litsebi, ho lumellana ha likopo tse fapaneng

.CDR CorelDRAW

CorelDRAW sebopeho, sebopeho sa faele sa matsoalloa sa CorelDRAW Graphics Suite. Ke sebopeho sa litšoantšo tsa vector se nang le ts’ehetso bakeng sa maqephe a mangata le likarolo.

Moetsi: Sehlopha sa Corel
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/x-cdr
Likarolo: Maqephe a mangata, lihlopha, liphello
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Moralo oa litsebi ho CorelDRAW ecosystem

Liforomo tsa Photoshop le Layered Image

Liforomo tsa litšoantšo tse nang le lera li tšehetsa likarolo tse ngata tsa data ea litšoantšo, tse lumellang hore ho be le liqapi tse rarahaneng le ho hlophisoa ho sa senyeheng. Liforomo tsena li sebelisoa haholo ho hlophisa litšoantšo le moralo oa litšoantšo.

.PSD Adobe

Photoshop Document format, mofuta oa faele oa tlhaho oa Adobe Photoshop. E boloka likarolo tsohle, limaske, mongolo, le likarolo tse ling tsa ho hlophisa bakeng sa ho tsoela pele ho hlophisoa.

Moetsi: Adobe Systems
Mofuta oa MIME: setšoantšo/vnd.adobe.photoshop
Likarolo: Mekhahlelo, limaske, mekhahlelo ea tokiso, lintho tse bohlale
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho hlophisoa ha lifoto tsa setsebi, moralo oa litšoantšo, ho qapa

.XCF GIMP

EExperimental Computing Facility format, mofuta oa faele oa tlhaho oa mohlophisi oa litšoantšo oa GIMP. E boloka likarolo, likanale, litsela le lintlha tse ling tsa ho hlophisa.

Moetsi: Sehlopha sa GIMP
Mofuta oa MIME: setšoantšo/x-xcf
Likarolo: Mekhahlelo, likanale, litsela, ponaletso
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho hlophisoa ha litšoantšo ho GIMP, ho sebetsa ha mohloli o bulehileng

.KRA Krita

Sebopeho sa Krita Document, sebopeho sa faele sa tlhaho sa ts’ebeliso ea pente ea dijithale ea Krita. E boloka lihlopha, limaske, li-filters le likarolo tsa vector.

Moetsi: Krita Foundation
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/x-krita
Likarolo: Lihlopha tsa lihlopha, lihlopha tsa li-vector, limaske tsa sefa
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Penta ea dijithale, papiso, popo ea masela

Khamera Raw Formats

Lifomete tse tala tsa khamera li na le data e sa sebetsoeng hanyane ho tsoa ho sensor ea setšoantšo sa khamera ea dijithale. Liforomo tsena li boloka lintlha tsohle tsa setšoantšo sa mantlha, e leng se lumellang hore ho be le bonolo haholoanyane ha ho etsoa ts’ebetso.

.RAW Ka kakaretso

Lentsoe le akaretsang bakeng sa lifomate tse fapaneng tse tala ho tsoa ho likhamera tsa dijithale. Moetsi e mong le e mong oa khamera hangata o na le sebopeho sa hae se tala.

Moetsi: Baetsi ba lik’hamera tse fapaneng
Mofuta oa MIME: setšoantšo/x-raw
Likarolo: Lintlha tsa sensor tse sa sebetsoang, botebo bo felletseng
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho nka lifoto ka litsebi, ho feto-fetoha ha maemo ho fetisisa

.DNG Adobe

Sebopeho sa Digital Negative, sebopeho se bulehileng sa setšoantšo se entsoeng ke Adobe. E bōpiloe ho fana ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa lifaele tse tala tsa khamera tse tsoang ho bahlahisi ba fapaneng.

Moetsi: Adobe Systems
Mofuta oa MIME: image/x-adobe-dng
Likarolo: Metadata e emeng, litlhahlobo tse kentsoeng
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho boloka linepe tse tala ka nako e telele, ho lumellana ha likopo tse fapaneng

.CR2/CR3 Canon

Canon Raw mofuta oa 2/3 lifomate, lifomate tsa litšoantšo tse tala tse sebelisoang ke likhamera tsa dijithale tsa Canon. Li na le data e sa sebetsoang ea setšoantšo ka kotloloho ho tsoa ho sensor ea khamera.

Moetsi: Sehlopha sa Canon Inc.
Mofuta oa MIME: setšoantšo/x-canon-cr2, image/x-canon-cr3
E ipapisitse le: TIFF (CR2), ISO Base Media File Format (CR3)
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho nka lifoto tsa litsebi ka lik’hamera tsa Canon

.NEF Nikon

Nikon Electronic Format, mofuta o mong oa litšoantšo o sebelisoang ke lik’hamera tsa digital tsa Nikon. E na le data e sa sebetsoang ho tsoa ho sensor ea setšoantšo sa khamera.

Moetsi: Sehlopha sa Nikon
Mofuta oa MIME: image/x-nikon-nef
E ipapisitse le: TIFF/EP e tloaelehileng
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho nka lifoto tsa litsebi ka lik’hamera tsa Nikon

Liforomo tsa Lifaele tsa Video

Mefuta e Tloaelehileng ea Sets’oants’o sa Video

Lifomate tsa setshelo sa video li kenyelletsa data ea video, lipina tsa molumo, subtitles le metadata faeleng e le ‘ngoe. Lijana tse fapaneng li tšehetsa li-codec le likarolo tse fapaneng bakeng sa linyeoe tse fapaneng tsa ts’ebeliso.

.MP4 Bokahohle

MPEG-4 Karolo ea 14 setshelo sebopeho, e mong oa ka ho fetisisa ho pharaletseng a tšehetsa video e rulaganya. E ka ba le video, audio, subtitles, le metadata e meng ‘me e lumellana le lisebelisoa tse ngata.

Moetsi: Sehlopha sa Litsebi tsa Litšoantšo tse Tsamaeang (ISO/IEC)
Mofuta oa MIME: video/mp4
Li-codecs tse tloaelehileng: H.264, H.265 (video), AAC (molumo)
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Lifitio tsa webo, lisebelisoa tsa mohala, kabo ea kakaretso

.MKV E fapaneng

Matroska Video setshelo sebopeho, e bulehileng maemo a, tenyetsehang setshelo sebopeho e ka tšoara se nang moeli palo ea video, mamelwang, setšoantšo, kapa subtitle dipina faeleng e le ‘ngoe.

Moetsi: Sehlopha sa morero oa Matroska
Mofuta oa MIME: video/x-matroska
Likarolo: Lipina tse mameloang tse ngata, subtitles, likhaolo
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Poloko ea video ea boleng bo holimo, lipina tse ngata tsa audio/subtitle

.AVI Lefa

Sebopeho sa Audio Video Interleave, se ntlafalitsoeng ke Microsoft. Ke sebopeho sa setshelo se ka nang le data ea audio le ea video ka har’a sets’oants’o sa faele se lumellang ho bapala ha audio le video.

Moetsi: Microsoft Corporation
Mofuta oa MIME: video/x-msvideo
Meeli: Tšehetso e fokolang ea metadata, meeli ea boholo
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho lumellana le mekhoa ea khale, polokelo ea video e bonolo

.MOV Apple

QuickTime Movie sebopeho, ntshetswa pele ke Apple. Ke sebopeho sa setshelo se ka bang le video, molumo, litlamorao le litaba tse sebetsanang, tse sebelisoang haholo ho Apple ecosystem.

Moetsi: Apple Inc.
Mofuta oa MIME: video/nako e potlakileng
Likarolo: Likhaolo, timecode, litaba tsa 3D
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Apple ecosystem, editing ea video ea setsebi

.WebM Web

Sebopeho sa Web Media, sebopeho sa faele sa media se bulehileng, se sa lefelloeng se etselitsoeng tepo. Ke sehlotšoana sa sebopeho sa setshelo sa Matroska se nang le video ea VP8/VP9 le Vorbis/Opus audio codecs.

Moetsi: Google
Mofuta oa MIME: video/webm
Li-codecs: VP8, VP9, AV1 (video), Vorbis, Opus (molumo)
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Video ea webo, ho bapala video ea HTML5, ho phallela

.TS Phatlalatso

MPEG Transport Stream format, e etselitsoeng ho hasa video le molumo oa digital. E sebelisoa bakeng sa phetiso ea molumo, video le data mecheng ea litaba e sa tšepahaleng.

Moetsi: Sehlopha sa Litsebi tsa Litšoantšo tse Tsamaeang (ISO/IEC)
Mofuta oa MIME: video/mp2t
Likarolo: Ho lokisa phoso, bokhoni ba ho phallela
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Phatlalatso ea TV ea digital, ho phallela, li-DVD

Litsebi tsa Video Formats

Liforomo tsa profeshenale tsa video li etselitsoe ho hlahisa livideo tsa boleng bo holimo, ho hlophisoa le ho ajoa. Hangata lifomate tsena li etelletsa boleng pele ho feta boholo ba faele le ho tšehetsa likarolo tse tsoetseng pele.

.MXF Phatlalatso

Material Exchange Format, sebopeho sa setshelo sa video ea profeshenale ea dijithale le litaba tsa audio. E etselitsoe ho fapanyetsana litaba tsa audio-visual le data le metadata tse amanang.

Moetsi: Mokhatlo oa Motion Picture le Baenjiniere ba Thelevishene (SMPTE)
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/mxf
Likarolo: Metadata e ruileng, mekhoa e mengata ea ts’ebetso
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Indasteri ea phatlalatso, tlhahiso ea livideo ea setsebi

.DNxHR/DNxHD Avid

Digital Nonlinear Extensible High Resolution / High Definition, codec ea boleng bo holimo ea video e entsoeng ke Avid Technology bakeng sa li-resolution tse ngata, tse hatelitsoeng HD workflows.

Moetsi: Avid Theknoloji
Setshelo: MXF, MOV
Maemo a Boleng: LB, SQ, HQ, HQX, 444
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho hlophisa livideo tsa profeshenale, Avid Media Composer

.ProRes Apple

Apple ProRes, lelapa la li-codec tsa video tsa boleng bo holimo, tse sa bonahaleng tse sa lahleheng tse ntlafalitsoeng ke Apple bakeng sa phallo ea mosebetsi oa kamora tlhahiso. E fana ka maemo a fapaneng a boleng bakeng sa linyeoe tse fapaneng tsa ts’ebeliso.

Moetsi: Apple Inc.
Setshelo: MOV, MXF
Mefuta e fapaneng: 422 Proxy, 422 LT, 422, 422 HQ, 4444, 4444 XQ
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho hlophisoa ha litsebi tsa video, Apple Final Cut Pro

.BOHLOKO Blackmagic

Blackmagic RAW, sebopeho sa video se hatelitsoeng se entsoeng ke Blackmagic Design. E kopanya ho feto-fetoha ha ts’ebetso e tala le ts’ebetso ea lifomate tsa khale tse hatisitsoeng tsa video.

Moetsi: Blackmagic Design
Compression: Boleng ba Kamehla kapa Bitrate ea Kamehla
Litlhophiso tsa Boleng: 3:1, 5:1, 8:1, 12:1, Q0, Q1, Q3, Q5
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho etsa lifilimi tse hloahloa, lik’hamera tsa Blackmagic

Audio File Formats

Liforomo tsa Audio tse hatisitsoeng

Liforomo tsa audio tse hatisitsoeng li sebelisa li-algorithms tse fapaneng ho fokotsa boholo ba faele ha li ntse li boloka boleng bo amohelehang ba molumo. Mefuta ena e sebelisoa hangata bakeng sa kabo ea ‘mino, ho phallela le lisebelisoa tse nkehang habonolo.

.MP3 Tloaelehileng

MPEG-1 Audio Layer III, mofuta o lahliloeng oa compression oa audio o etselitsoeng ho fokotsa boholo ba faele ha o ntse o boloka boleng bo loketseng ba molumo. E ile ea fetoha mokhoa oa ho aba ‘mino le ho bapala hape.

Moetsi: Sehlopha se Tsamaeang sa Litsebi tsa Litšoantšo
Mofuta oa MIME: audio/mpeg
Litefiso tsa Bit: 8-320 kbps, VBR, CBR
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Kabo ea ‘mino, lisebelisoa tse nkehang, ho mamela ka kakaretso

.AAC Ea kajeno

Advanced Audio Coding, sebopeho se lahlehileng sa compression sa audio se etselitsoeng ho ba mohlahlami oa MP3. Ka kakaretso e fihlela boleng ba molumo o betere ho feta MP3 ka sekhahla se tšoanang.

Moetsi: Sehlopha se Tsamaeang sa Litsebi tsa Litšoantšo
Mofuta oa MIME: audio/aac
Likarolo: Tšehetso ea li-multichannel, katleho e ntle ea compression
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Phatlalatso ea molumo oa digital, ho phallela, Apple ecosystem

.OGG Bula

Ogg Vorbis, sebopeho sa likhoutu tsa audio tsa mahala le tse bulehileng tsa mohloli le setshelo. E fana ka compression ea molumo e sebetsang hantle ha e ntse e lula e se na patent ebile e bulehile.

Moetsi: Xiph.Org Foundation
Mofuta oa MIME: audio/ogg
Li-codecs: Vorbis (e tloaelehileng), Opus, FLAC
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Merero ea mohloli o bulehileng, lipapali, audio ea webo

.WMA Microsoft

Windows Media Audio, e hatisitsoeng mamelwang faele sebopeho ntshetswa pele ke Microsoft. E tla ka mefuta e mengata bakeng sa linyeoe tse fapaneng tsa ts’ebeliso, ho kenyelletsa le compression e sa lahleheng.

Moetsi: Microsoft Corporation
Mofuta oa MIME: audio/x-ms-wma
Mefuta e fapaneng: WMA Standard, Pro, Lossless, Voice
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Windows ecosystem, e tsamaellana le lihlahisoa tsa Microsoft

Liforomo tsa Audio tse sa Lahleheng

Liforomo tsa audio tse se nang tahlehelo li hatella data ea molumo ntle le tahlehelo ea boleng. Liforomo tsena li loketse li-audiophiles, polokelo ea ‘mino, le tlhahiso ea molumo oa litsebi.

.FLAC E hlokang tahlehelo

Free Lossless Audio Codec, mofuta o bulehileng oa khatiso o sa lahleheng oa audio. E fokotsa boholo ba faele ka 40-50% ha e ntse e boloka boleng ba molumo o batlang o phethehile ha o bapisoa le molumo o sa hatelletsoeng.

Moetsi: Xiph.Org Foundation
Mofuta oa MIME: audio/flac
Compression: Ha e na tahlehelo, 30-50% e nyane ho feta WAV
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho mamela li-audiophile, ho boloka ‘mino oa polokelo, molumo oa boleng bo holimo

.ALAC Apple

Apple Lossless Audio Codec, mokhoa o sa lahleheng oa compression oa molumo o ntlafalitsoeng ke Apple. E fana ka molumo oa boleng ba CD hoo e ka bang halofo ea sebaka sa molumo o sa hatelloang.

Moetsi: Apple Inc.
Setshelo: M4A
Compression: Ha e na tahlehelo, e ts’oanang le FLAC
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Apple ecosystem, iTunes, lisebelisoa tsa iOS

.WAV E sa hatelloang

Waveform Audio File Format, mofuta o tloaelehileng oa faele oa audio o ntlafalitsoeng ke Microsoft le IBM. Hangata e na le audio ea PCM e sa hatelletsoeng, e hlahisang boholo ba lifaele tse kholo empa boleng bo phethahetseng.

Moetsi: Microsoft le IBM
Mofuta oa MIME: molumo/wav
Boholo: 10 MB ka motsotso (boleng ba CD)
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Ho rekota molumo, tlhahiso, tšebeliso ea litsebi

.AIFF Apple

Audio Interchange File Format, sebopeho sa faele sa audio se sa hatelloang se ntlafalitsoeng ke Apple. E ts’oanang le WAV, e fana ka boleng bo phethahetseng ba molumo empa e na le boholo ba lifaele tse kholo.

Moetsi: Apple Inc.
Mofuta oa MIME: audio/aiff
Boholo: E tšoana le WAV (10 MB/motsotso)
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Audio ea litsebi libakeng tsa Mac

Litsebi tsa Audio Formats

Liforomo tsa audio tsa profeshenale li etselitsoe tlhahiso ea molumo oa maemo a holimo, ho tseba hantle le ho boloka litokomane. Mefuta ena e fana ka boleng bo holimo, tšehetso ea li-multichannel, le likarolo tse ikhethang.

.DSD Audiophile

Direct Stream Digital, e leng mokhoa o phahameng oa molumo o sebelisoang bakeng sa Super Audio CDs (SACD). E sebelisa mokhoa o fapaneng oa molumo oa dijithale ho feta PCM, e sebelisa tekanyo e phahameng haholo ea sampole ea boleng bo le bong.

Moetsi: Sony le Philips
Sekhahla sa Mohlala: 2.8224 MHz, 5.6448 MHz (DSD128)
Botebo ba Bit: 1-bit (ho feto-fetoha ha matla a matla)
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Lirekoto tsa audiophile, ho tseba SACD hantle

.BWF Phatlalatso

Broadcast Wave Format, keketso ea sebopeho sa WAV e kenyelletsang metadata e eketsehileng bakeng sa ts’ebeliso ea botsebi khasong le tlhahisong ea molumo.

Moetsi: European Broadcasting Union (EBU)
E ipapisitse le: WAV sebopeho
Likarolo: Nako, tlhaloso, tlhahisoleseding ea moqapi
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Phatlalatso, tlhahiso ea molumo oa setsebi

.PCM E tala

Pulse Code Modulation, mokhoa o sebelisoang ho emela lipontšo tsa analog tsa sampuli. Lifaele tsa PCM li na le data e tala ea molumo ntle le lihlooho kapa metadata.

Mofuta: Sebopeho sa data e tala ea audio
Mofuta oa MIME: audio/L16 (bakeng sa 16-bit PCM)
Meeli: Ha ho metadata, e hloka sampole sekhahla / lintlha tse tebileng tsa botebo
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Lisebelisoa tse mameloang tsa litsebi, lisebelisoa tse khethehileng

Archive le Compression Formats

Mefuta e Tloaelehileng ea Lipolokelo

Liforomo tsa polokelo li bokella lifaele le lifoldara tse ngata faeleng e le ‘ngoe ea sets’oants’o, hangata ka khatello ea ho fokotsa boholo ba faele. Liforomo tsena li sebelisetsoa ho aba lifaele, ho boloka, le ho boloka.

.ZIP Bokahohle

Sebopeho sa polokelo ea ZIP, compression e tšehetsoeng ka ho fetesisa le sebopeho sa polokelo. E ka ba le lifaele le lifoldara tse ngata tse nang le encryption ea boikhethelo.

Moetsi: PKWARE, Inc.
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/zip
Likarolo: Tšireletso ea password, khetho e tiileng ea compression
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Kakaretso-morero archives, cross-platform copability

.RAR Thepa

Sebopeho sa Roshal Archive, sebopeho sa polokelo ea thepa se nang le khatello e matla, ho hlaphoheloa ha liphoso, le bokhoni ba ho kopanya lifaele. Ka tloaelo e fihlella likhakanyo tse betere tsa compression ho feta ZIP.

Moetsi: Eugene Roshal
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/vnd.rar
Likarolo: Encryption e matla, lirekoto tsa ho hlaphoheloa, molumo oa molumo
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Litlhoko tse phahameng tsa khatello, li-archive tsa likarolo tse ngata

.7Z E tsoetseng pele

7-Zip, sebopeho sa polokelo ea mohloli o bulehileng o nang le tekanyo e phahameng ea khatello. E ts’ehetsa mekhoa e mengata ea compression le encryption e matla ea AES-256.

Moetsi: Igor Pavlov
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/x-7z-e hatisitsoeng
Compression: LZMA, LZMA2, PPMd, BZip2
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Khatello e kholo, li-archives tse kholo

.TAR Unix

Tape Archive format, eo qalong e etselitsoeng bekapo ea theipi. TAR ka boeona ha e fane ka khatello empa hangata e kopantsoe le lisebelisoa tsa compression tse kang gzip kapa bzip2.

Tšimoloho: Sistimi ea Unix / Linux
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/x-tar
Keketso e Tloaelehileng: .tar.gz, .tar.bz2, .tar.xz
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Sistimi ea Unix/Linux, e bolokang tumello ea faele

Disk Image Formats

Liforomo tsa litšoantšo tsa diski li boloka likopi tse felletseng tsa li-disk kapa li-partitions tsa disk, ho kenyeletsoa lintlha tsohle le tlhaiso-leseling ea sebopeho. Liforomo tsena li sebelisetsoa li-backups, kabo ea software, le ho hlaphoheloa ha sistimi.

.ISO Standard

ISO Image format, sebopeho sa setšoantšo sa disk se nang le kopi e feletseng ea CD, DVD, kapa Blu-ray disc. ISO e ipapisitse le maemo a sistimi ea faele ea ISO 9660 bakeng sa li-disk tsa optical.

Tloaelo: ISO 9660
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/x-iso9660-setšoantšo
Likarolo: Cross-platform, tšehetso ea disc ea bootable
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Kabo ea software, ho kenya sistimi ea ts’ebetso

.DMG Apple

Sebopeho sa Disk Image, sebopeho sa setšoantšo sa Apple sa proprietary disk bakeng sa macOS. E ka ngolisoa, ea hatelloa, ‘me ea hlongoa joalo ka disk e fumanehang lits’ebetsong tsa macOS.

Moetsi: Apple Inc.
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/x-apple-diskimage
Likarolo: Compression, encryption, checksums
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Kabo ea software bakeng sa li-backups tsa macOS, Mac

.VHD/.VHDX Microsoft

Sebopeho sa Virtual Hard Disk, sebopeho sa disk sa Microsoft sa Windows. E sebelisoa ke mahlale a Microsoft a virtualization joalo ka Hyper-V mme e ka boloka lits’ebetso tse felletseng tsa ts’ebetso.

Moetsi: Microsoft Corporation
Mofuta oa MIME: application/x-virtualbox-vhd
Likarolo: Li-disk tse matla, li-disks tse fapaneng, boholo bo tsitsitseng
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Windows virtualization, li-backups tsa sistimi

.IMG Ka kakaretso

Disk Image format, lentsoe le tloaelehileng bakeng sa lifaele tsa setšoantšo sa disk e tala. Lifaele tsa IMG hangata li na le kopi ea karolo ka karolo ea disk kapa disk partition.

Mofuta: Setšoantšo sa disk se tloaelehileng
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/octet-stream
Sebopeho: Kopi e tala ea lekala ka karolo
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Litšoantšo tsa Floppy disk, li-backups tse bonolo tsa disk

Database File Formats

Liforomo tsa Database tsa Desktop

Lifomate tsa database tsa Desktop li etselitsoe polokelo ea lehae le taolo ea data e hlophisitsoeng. Mefuta ena e sebelisoa hangata lits’ebetsong tse nyane ho isa ho tse mahareng le mererong ea motho.

.MDB Microsoft

Sebopeho sa Microsoft Access Database, fomete ea tlhaho ea faele bakeng sa databases ea Microsoft Access pele ho Access 2007. Ke mofuta oa mong’a sebaka bakeng sa databases tsa likamano tsa komporo.

Moetsi: Microsoft Corporation
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/x-msaccess
Size Limit: 2 GB
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Li-database tsa likhoebo tse nyane, lits’ebetso tsa desktop

.ACCDB Microsoft

Sebopeho sa Microsoft Access Database se hlahisitsoeng ka Access 2007. E fana ka tšireletso e ntlafalitsoeng, mefuta ea data, le likarolo ha li bapisoa le mokhoa oa khale oa MDB.

Moetsi: Microsoft Corporation
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/msaccess
Size Limit: 2 GB
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Lisebelisoa tsa Modern Access, li-database tse nyenyane

.SQLite E kenyelelitsoe

Sebopeho sa SQLite Database, enjene e ikemetseng, e se nang seva, ea zero-configuration database. Li-database tsa SQLite li bolokiloe e le lifaele tse le ‘ngoe tse nang le schema le data e felletseng ea database.

Moetsi: D. Richard Hipp
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/vnd.sqlite3
Size Limit: 140 TB (theoretical)
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Sistimi e kentsoeng, lisebelisoa tsa mehala, polokelo ea lehae

.FDB Nonyana ea mollo

Sebopeho sa database sa Firebird, sebopeho sa faele sa database sa Firebird SQL. Ke sebaka sa polokelo ea litaba se bulehileng se ka sebetsang faeleng e le ‘ngoe mme se tšehetsa likarolo tse ngata tsa SQL.

Moetsi: Morero oa Firebird
Mofuta oa MIME: application/ x-firebird
Likarolo: Litšebelisano, mekhoa e bolokiloeng, li-triggers
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Likopo tse nyane ho isa ho tse mahareng tsa khoebo

Lifaele tsa database tsa seva

Lifaele tsa database tsa seva li sebelisoa ke litsamaiso tsa taolo ea database ea likhoebo ho boloka data, indexes, le tlhaiso-leseling ea tlhophiso. Mefuta ena e etselitsoe ho fihlella basebelisi ba bangata le ts’ebetso e phahameng.

.MDF/.LDF Seva ea SQL

Microsoft SQL Server Database le lifaele tsa Log. MDF e na le data ea mantlha ha LDF e na le li-log tsa transaction bakeng sa ho hlaphoheloa ha database.

Moetsi: Microsoft Corporation
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/octet-stream
Size Limit: 524,272 TB (theoretical)
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Lisebelisoa tsa khoebo, Microsoft ecosystem

.DBF dBase

Sebopeho sa Faele ea Database, se qalileng ka tsamaiso ea dBase database. Leha e se e tsofetse, e ntse e sebelisoa lits’ebetsong tse fapaneng mme e tšehetsoa ke lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa database.

Tšimoloho: dBase (Ashton-Tate)
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/dbase
Meeli: 2GB boholo, masimo a 255 rekoto ka ‘ngoe
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Lisebelisoa tsa lefa, polokelo e bonolo ea data

.IBD MySQL

InnoDB Database file, lifaele tsa polokelo tse sebelisoang ke enjene ea polokelo ea InnoDB ho MySQL. Faele e ‘ngoe le e’ ngoe ea IBD e na le data, indexes, le lintlha tse ling bakeng sa litafole tsa MySQL.

E sebelisoa ke: MySQL/MariaDB e nang le enjene ea InnoDB
Likarolo: Ho lumellana le ACID, ho notlela boemo ba mela
Faele ka: Tafole kapa sebaka sa tafole
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Lisebelisoa tsa marang-rang, li-deployments tsa khoebo tsa MySQL

Mekhoa ea Phapanyetsano ea Boitsebiso

Lifomate tsa phapanyetsano ea data li sebelisetsoa ho fetisetsa data e hlophisitsoeng lipakeng tsa lits’ebetso le lits’ebetso tse fapaneng. Hangata lifomate tsena li thehiloe mongolong ‘me li ka baloa ke batho, e leng se etsang hore li tšoanelehe bakeng sa ho kopanya le li-API.

.CSV Bokahohle

Sebopeho sa Maemo a Arohantsoeng ka Likoma, sebopeho se bonolo sa mongolo bakeng sa ho emela data ea tabular. Mola o mong le o mong o emela mola, ‘me boleng bo aroloa ka lifeheloa kapa li-delimiters tse ling.

Mofuta: Mongolo o thehiloeng
Mofuta oa MIME: mongolo/csv
Meeli: Ha ho mefuta ea data, ha ho likamano
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Phapanyetsano e bonolo ea data, ho kenya / ho romela li-spreadsheet

.XML E hlophisitsoeng

Sebopeho sa Puo e Atolositsoeng ea Markup, puo ea li-markup e hlalosang melao bakeng sa litokomane tsa khouto ka mokhoa o ka baloang ke motho le mochine.

Tloaelo: W3C XML
Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/xml
Likarolo: Ho netefatsa schema, libaka tsa mabitso, liphetoho
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Phapanyetsano e rarahaneng ea data, lifaele tsa tlhophiso

.JSON Ea kajeno

Sebopeho sa JavaScript Object Notation, mokhoa o bobebe oa ho fapanyetsana data o thehiloeng ho syntax ea JavaScript. Ho bonolo hore batho ba bale le ho ngola le hore mechini e hlahlobisise le ho e hlahisa.

Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/json
Sebopeho: Lintho, lihlopha, lipara tsa bohlokoa-kholo
Likarolo: Puo e ikemetseng, e arotsoe habonolo
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Web APIs, tlhophiso, phapanyetsano ya data

.YAML Botsoalle ba batho

YAML Ha se Puo ea Phatlalatso, tekanyetso ea ho kopanya data e bonolo ho batho. E sebelisoa hangata bakeng sa lifaele tsa tlhophiso le lits’ebetsong moo data e bolokoang kapa e fetisoang.

Mofuta oa MIME: kopo/yaml
Likarolo: Maikutlo, litšupiso, libopeho tse rarahaneng
Induction: Bohlokoa (sebelisa libaka bakeng sa sebopeho)
Tšebeliso e Molemohali: Lifaele tsa tlhophiso, serialization ea data

Tataiso ea Papiso ea Sebopeho

Papiso ea Sebopeho sa Tokomane

Ho bapisa likarolo tsa bohlokoa le bokhoni ba lifomate tse tloaelehileng tsa litokomane ho u thusa ho khetha sebopeho se nepahetseng bakeng sa litlhoko tsa hau.

Sebopeho	PDF	DOCX	ODT	RTF	HTML
E boloka Ponahalo e Nepahetseng
Ho bonolo ho Fetola
Liforomo & Likarolo tsa Tšebelisano
Mesaeno ea Dijithale
Sefapano-Platform Compatibility
Open Standard
Tebo ea Marang-rang

Papiso ea Sebopeho sa Litšoantšo

Ho bapisa likarolo tsa bohlokoa le bokhoni ba liforomo tse tloaelehileng tsa litšoantšo ho u thusa ho khetha sebopeho se nepahetseng bakeng sa nyeoe ea hau e khethehileng ea tšebeliso.

Sebopeho	JPEG	PNG	GIF	WebP	SVG	TIFF
Tšehetso ea Ponaletso
Tšehetso ea Animation
Khatello e sa Lahleheng
E ntle bakeng sa Lifoto
E ntle bakeng sa Grafiken
Nyenyane File Size
Tšehetso ea Sebatli sa Marang-rang
Scalable Without Tahlehelo

Video Format Papiso

Ho bapisa likarolo tsa bohlokoa le bokhoni ba lifomate tse tloaelehileng tsa video ho u thusa ho khetha sebopeho se nepahetseng bakeng sa litaba tsa hau tsa video.

Sebopeho	MP4	MKV	AVI	MOV	WebM
Tšebeliso ea Marang-rang
Multiple Audio Tracks
Subtitle Support
Khaolo ea Tšehetso
Wide Device Support
Open Format
Phallela-Botsoalle

Mokhoa oa ho khetha Fomete e nepahetseng ea Faele

Ho khetha mofuta o nepahetseng oa faele ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa tšebelisano, boleng le katleho. Latela tataiso ena ea mohato ka mohato ho etsa khetho e nepahetseng bakeng sa litlhoko tsa hau tse ikhethileng.

Hlalosa Taba ea Hao ea Tšebeliso ea Mantlha

Qala ka ho tseba sepheo sa mantlha sa faele ea hau. A na u theha litaba tsa tepo, oa hatisa, oa ho hlophisa, oa li boloka, kapa oa li arolelana? Linyeoe tse fapaneng tsa tšebeliso li na le litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa sebopeho. Bakeng sa litaba tsa tepo, beha pele lifomate ka tšehetso e pharaletseng ea sebatli le saese e nyane ea lifaele. Bakeng sa khatiso, khetha lifomate tse bolokang qeto e phahameng le ho nepahala ha mebala. Bakeng sa ho hlophisa hantle, khetha lifomate tse bolokang boleng le ho tšehetsa likarolo tseo u li hlokang.

Nahana ka Litlhoko tsa Boleng

Lekola hore na boleng bo bohlokoa hakae molemong oa ts’ebeliso ea hau e ikhethileng. Haeba o hloka boleng bo holimo ntle le tahlehelo ea data, khetha lifomate tse sa lahleheng joalo ka PNG bakeng sa litšoantšo, FLAC bakeng sa audio, kapa ProRes bakeng sa video. Haeba boholo ba faele bo le bohlokoa haholo ‘me tahlehelo e itseng ea boleng e amoheleha, liforomo tse hatelitsoeng joaloka JPEG, MP3, kapa MP4 li ka ba tse loketseng haholoanyane. Hopola hore litlhoko tsa boleng li fapana ho ea ka mofuta oa litaba – linepe li rua molemo mefuteng e fapaneng ho feta line art kapa mongolo.

Hlahloba Litlhoko tsa ho Lumellana

Etsa qeto ea hore na ke litsamaiso life, lits’ebetso kapa lisebelisoa tse tla hloka ho fihlella lifaele tsa hau. Haeba tšebelisano e pharaletseng e le ea bohlokoa, khetha lifomate tsa bokahohleng tse nang le ts’ehetso e pharaletseng ho pholletsa le lipolanete le lits’ebetso. Bakeng sa phallo e ikhethang ea mosebetsi, o kanna oa hloka ho sebelisa lifomate tse tloaelehileng tsa indasteri leha li na le tšehetso e akaretsang e fokolang. Kamehla leka mokhoa oo u o khethileng ho litsamaiso tse lebeletsoeng pele u itlama ka mokhoa o moholo oa ho fetolela kapa oa ho theha.

Hlahloba Litlhoko tsa Sebopeho

Hlalosa likarolo tse ikhethileng tseo u li hlokang ka sebopeho sa faele ea hau. A na u hloka ts’ehetso bakeng sa mekhahlelo, pepeneneng, kapa animation? Na u hloka lipina tse mameloang tse ngata kapa subtitles? Na u batla ho feto-fetoha ha maemo kapa likarolo tsa ts’ireletso joalo ka encryption kapa li-signature tsa dijithale? Etsa lethathamo la likarolo tseo u tlamehang ho ba le tsona ho fokotsa likhetho tsa hau tsa sebopeho. Mefuta e fapaneng ka har’a sehlopha se le seng hangata e tšehetsa likarolo tse fapaneng tsa likarolo.

Nahana ka Litšitiso tsa boholo ba faele

Lekola meeli leha e le efe ea boholo ba faele bakeng sa nyeoe ea hau ea tšebeliso. Haeba u arolelana lifaele marang-rang, u li kenya sethaleng se itseng, kapa u boloka boitsebiso bo bongata, boholo ba faele bo fetoha ntho ea bohlokoa. Mefuta e fapaneng e fana ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea compression, ho tloha khatellong e sa lahleheng e bolokang data eohle ho ea ho tahlehelo ea khatello e fokotsang boholo ba faele ka ho lahla tlhahisoleseling e itseng. Ho fumana tekanyo e nepahetseng pakeng tsa boleng le boholo hangata ke senotlolo sa ho khetha sebopeho se nepahetseng.

Nahana ka Litlhoko Tsa Nakong e Tlang

Nahana hore na khetho ea hau ea sebopeho e hloka ho lumellana le liphetoho tse tlang, phetoho, kapa polokelo ea litaba. Bakeng sa lifaele tsa mohloli tse tla tsoela pele ho hlophisoa, khetha lifomate tse bolokang boleng le ho fetoha habonolo. Bakeng sa merero ea polokelo, khetha lifomate tse nang le nako e telele le tšehetso e pharaletseng. Ka linako tse ling ho boloka liphetolelo tse ngata-faele e kholo ka mokhoa oa boleng bo phahameng le lihlahisoa tsa mefuta e mengata e fumanehang-ke mokhoa o molemo ka ho fetisisa oa ho leka-lekanya litlhoko tsa hona joale le tsa nakong e tlang.

Lipotso tse atisang ho botsoa ka liforomo tsa faele

Phapano ke efe lipakeng tsa khatello e lahlehileng le e sa lahleheng?

Khatello e se nang tahlehelo e fokotsa boholo ba faele ha e ntse e boloka data eohle ea mantlha. Ha e hatelloa, faele e tšoana le ea pele pele e hatelloa. Mehlala e kenyelletsa PNG ea litšoantšo, FLAC bakeng sa molumo, le ZIP bakeng sa lifaele tse akaretsang. Khatello e lahlehileng e tlosa ka ho sa feleng lintlha tse ling ho fihlela boholo ba lifaele tse nyane. Tekanyo ea tahlehelo ea boleng e itšetlehile ka boemo ba compression. Mehlala e kenyelletsa JPEG bakeng sa litšoantšo, MP3 bakeng sa molumo, le MP4 e nang le H.264 bakeng sa video. Liforomo tse lahlehileng hangata li nyane haholo empa li fana ka boleng bo itseng, ha lifomate tse sa lahleheng li boloka boleng empa li fella ka lifaele tse kholoanyane.

Hobaneng faele eaka e sa bulehe ts’ebetsong e itseng?

Lifaele li kanna tsa se bulehe lits’ebetsong tse itseng ka mabaka a ‘maloa: sesebelisoa se kanna sa se tšehetse sebopeho seo sa faele; faele e ka senyeha kapa e sa fella; faele e kanna ea sebelisa mofuta o mocha oa sebopeho ho feta ts’ehetso ea ts’ebeliso; kapa katoloso ea faele e kanna ea se lumellane le sebopeho sa faele. Ho rarolla bothata bona, leka ho sebelisa sesebelisoa sa ho fetolela faele hore e be sebopeho se lumellanang, ho nchafatsa sesebelisoa sa hau ho mofuta oa moraorao, kapa sebelisa sesebelisoa se seng se tšehetsang sebopeho. Bakeng sa liforomo tsa thepa, o ka hloka software e khethehileng ho tsoa ho moqapi oa sebopeho.

Ke mofuta ofe oa faele oo ke lokelang ho o sebelisa bakeng sa polokelo ea nako e telele?

Bakeng sa polokelo ea nako e telele, khetha liforomo tse tšehetsoeng ka bophara, tse tloaelehileng, le tse ka ‘nang tsa se ke tsa felloa ke nako. Bakeng sa litokomane, nahana ka PDF/A, mofuta o ikhethileng oa PDF e etselitsoeng ho bolokoa ka kotloloho. Bakeng sa litšoantšo, TIFF kapa DNG (bakeng sa li-negatives tsa dijithale) ke khetho e ntle. Bakeng sa molumo, WAV e sa hatelloang kapa FLAC e fana ka boleng bo sa lahleheng. Bakeng sa video, nahana ka lijana tsa MKV tse nang le li-codec tse tšehetsoeng ka bophara kapa liforomo tse khethehileng tsa polokelo joalo ka FFV1. Kamehla beha pele liforomo tse bulehileng, tse ngotsoeng ho feta tsa mong’a tsona, ‘me u nahane ka ho etsa likopi tse ngata ka mefuta e fapaneng bakeng sa data ea bohlokoa. Kamehla fetisetsa lipolokelo tsa hau ho lifomete tse ncha ha maemo a ntse a ntlafala.

Ke fetolela joang lipakeng tsa lifomate tse fapaneng tsa faele?

O ka fetolela lipakeng tsa lifomate tsa faele o sebelisa software e ikhethileng ea ho fetolela, lits’ebeletso tsa ho fetolela inthaneteng, kapa likarolo tse hahelletsoeng lits’ebetsong tse fapaneng. Bakeng sa liforomo tsa litokomane, Microsoft Office, LibreOffice, le Google Docs kaofela li fana ka likhetho tsa thomello ho lifomate tse fapaneng. Bakeng sa litšoantšo, lisebelisoa tse kang Adobe Photoshop, GIMP, le IrfanView li fana ka bokhoni ba ho fetola. Bakeng sa molumo le video, lits’ebetso tse kang HandBrake, FFmpeg, le Audacity ke likhetho tse matla. Litšebeletso tse ngata tsa mahala tsa marang-rang li teng bakeng sa liphetoho tse bonolo, empa ela hloko mabapi le ho kenya lintlha tsa bohlokoa. Ha u sokoloha, ela hloko hore liphetoho tse ling li ka baka tahlehelo ea boleng kapa tahlehelo ea likarolo, haholo-holo ha u fetolela ho tloha mofuteng o nang le bokhoni ho ea ho o bonolo.

Ke eng e bakang bobolu ba lifaele mme nka bo thibela joang?

Bobolu ba faele bo ka hlaha ka mabaka a fapaneng ho kenyelletsa ho koaloa ho sa nepahalang, ho hloleha ha hardware, likokoana-hloko tsa software, tšoaetso ea kokoana-hloko, phetisetso e sitisitsoeng, kapa ho senyeha ha mecha ea litaba. Ho thibela bobolu ba lifaele, amohela mekhoa ena: kamehla sebelisa khetho ea “tlosa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng” bakeng sa li-drive tsa kantle; boloka sistimi ea hau ea ts’ebetso le lits’ebetso li nchafalitsoe; sebelisa sesebelisoa sa antivirus; qoba ho sitisa ts’ebetso ea lifaele joalo ka ho boloka kapa ho kopitsa; kenya ts’ebetsong leano la kamehla la ho boloka likopi tse ngata; sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa ho netefatsa lifaele tse hlahlobang botšepehi ba data; ‘me u nahane ka ho sebelisa litsamaiso tsa lifaele tse nang le tokiso ea liphoso tse hahelletsoeng kahare. Haeba u na le lifaele tsa bohlokoa, kamehla netefatsa botšepehi ba tsona ‘me u li ise mecheng e mecha ea polokelo lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse seng kae.

Liforomo tsa setshelo ke eng, ‘me li fapana joang le li-codec?

Lifomate tsa Container (joalo ka MP4, MKV, AVI) ke li-wrappers tse nang le melapo e mengata ea data joalo ka video, audio, subtitles le metadata faeleng e le ‘ngoe. Ba hlalosa hore na likarolo tsena li hlophisitsoe joang empa eseng hore na litaba tsa nnete li kentsoe joang. Li-codec (joaloka H.264, VP9, AAC, MP3) ke mahlale a khouto le ho hlaola melapo ea data ea audio kapa ea video, e khethollang mokhoa oa compression le boleng. Sebopeho sa setshelo se le seng se ka tšehetsa li-codec tse ngata tse fapaneng, ‘me codec e tšoanang e ka sebelisoa ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea setshelo. Ho utloisisa phapang ena ho thusa ha ho rarolla mathata a ho lumellana, kaha setshelo le codec li tlameha ho tšehetsoa ke sesebelisoa sa hau sa ho bapala kapa software.

Lekola Mehloli e Meng ea Format ea Faele

Tebisa kutloisiso ea hau ea lifomate tsa lifaele ka litataiso tsa rona tse felletseng, lisebelisoa tsa ho fetolela, le leseli la litsebi. Hore na o setsebi, seithuti, kapa motho ea ratang ho itlosa bolutu, ho bohlokoa ho khetha mofuta o nepahetseng oa faele bakeng sa litaba tsa hau tsa dijithale.

Sheba Likarolo Tsohle Tataiso ea Khetho