Imiterere ya Video ya HDR Yasobanuwe
Imiyoboro yuzuye igufasha kumva imiterere ya videwo ya hdr yasobanuwe.
Video ya HDR niyihe mpamvu
Video ya Dynamic Range (HDR) yerekana gusimbuka impinduramatwara imbere muburyo bwa tekinoroji yerekana, itanga ubuziranenge bwibonekeje ugereranije nibisanzwe bigezweho (SDR). HDR ifata kandi ikerekana intera nini cyane yumucyo, uhereye kumwirabura wimbitse ukageza kubazungu beza cyane, ugakora amashusho asa cyane nibyo ijisho ryumuntu risanzwe ribona. Uru rumuri rwagutse, rusanzwe ruva kuri 0.1 kugeza 1.000 nits cyangwa irenga, rutanga ingaruka zifatika zifatika hamwe nibisobanuro birambuye mubicucu no kumurika. Ingaruka za HDR ntizirenze urwego rwumucyo. Video ya HDR nayo ishyigikira amabara yagutse, bivuze ko ishobora kwerekana amabara menshi kuruta imiterere ya videwo gakondo. Mugihe videwo isanzwe ikubiyemo hafi 35% yamabara agaragara, imiterere ya HDR irashobora kubyara kugeza 75% byamabara amaso yumuntu ashobora kubona. Umwanya wagutse wamabara, uhujwe nubwiyongere bwa bito (mubisanzwe 10-bit aho kuba 8-bit), bivanaho amabara kandi bitanga gradients yoroshye. Igisubizo ni videwo igaragara cyane cyane, ifatika, kandi yibitseho, bigatuma HDR ifite agaciro cyane kubintu bya sinema, gukina, no gutunganya amashusho yumwuga.
HDR10: Igipimo fatizo
HDR10 ihagaze nkimiterere ya HDR yemewe cyane, ikora nkibipimo fatizo bya videwo ya HDR muruganda. Yatejwe imbere nkibisanzwe, HDR10 ikoresha metadata ihagaze kugirango isobanure umwanya wamabara nibiranga amashusho yose. Ifasha Rec. Umwanya wamabara wa 2020, uburebure bwa 10-bit, hamwe nubunini bwurwego rugera kuri 10,000 nits, nubwo abaguzi benshi berekana mubisanzwe hejuru ya 1.000-4,000. Imiterere ikoresha imikorere yo kwimura Perceptual Quantizer (PQ), izwi kandi nka SMPTE ST 2084, ishushanya ikarita yuzuye ya HDR igaragara neza kuruta imipira gakondo. Guhuza isi yose ya HDR10 bituma iba de-facto yo gukwirakwiza HDR. Amahuriro akomeye nka Netflix, Video ya Amazone Prime, na Disney + akoresha HDR10 kubirimo HDR, kandi hafi ya byose byerekana HDR byerekana iyi format. Nyamara, kuba HDR10 ishingiye kuri static metadata bivuze ko ibipimo bya HDR byashyizweho rimwe kuri videwo yose, bikaba bishobora kugabanya uburyo bwiza bwo kwerekana amashusho hamwe nibisabwa bitandukanye. Nubwo hari aho bigarukira, HDR10 itanga iterambere ryinshi kubirimo SDR kandi ikora nk’ikintu cyiza cyo kwinjira muri HDR yo kureba.
HDR10 + na Icyerekezo cya Dolby: Iterambere ryiza rya HDR
HDR10 + na Dolby Vision byerekana ubwihindurize bukurikira muburyo bwa tekinoroji ya HDR, byombi bifashisha metadata yingirakamaro kugirango uhindure ibipimo bya HDR kumurongo-ku-byerekanwa cyangwa no kumurongo. HDR10 +, yatunganijwe na Samsung ku bufatanye na Amazon hamwe n’abandi bayobozi b’inganda, yubakiye ku musingi wa HDR10 mu gihe hiyongereyeho ubushobozi bwo gushushanya amajwi. Ibi bituma abakoze ibirimo bahuza neza uburambe bwa HDR muri videwo yose, bakemeza neza kandi bakabyara amabara kuri buri kintu. HDR10 + ikomeza guhuza inyuma na HDR10 yerekana mugihe itanga uburambe bunoze kubikoresho bihuye. Dolby Vision, yatunganijwe na Laboratoire ya Dolby, itanga ishyirwa mubikorwa rya HDR igezweho kurubu. Gushyigikira amabara agera kuri 12-biti hamwe nuburinganire bwimiterere ya 10,000 nits, Dolby Vision itanga amabara meza kandi aringaniye. Imiterere ikubiyemo metadata yuzuye iyobora ibiyikubiyemo no kwerekana ibyerekana, kwemeza intego yubuhanzi yabitswe muburyo butandukanye bwo kureba. Ibirimo bya Dolby Vision byizewe mubuhanga bwihariye, bikavamo ubuziranenge bwibonekeje bugaragara cyane cyane murugo rwimikino yo murwego rwohejuru hamwe na sinema.
HLG: Igisubizo-Cyiteguye HDR Igisubizo
Hybrid Log-Gamma (HLG) yerekana uburyo budasanzwe kuri HDR yagenewe cyane cyane kuri tereviziyo yerekana no gusaba imbonankubone. HLG yatunganijwe ku bufatanye na BBC na NHK (Umuyoboro w’igihugu cy’Ubuyapani), ikemura ibibazo bifatika byo gukwirakwiza HDR hejuru y’ibikorwa remezo gakondo. Bitandukanye nubundi buryo bwa HDR busaba metadata yihariye, HLG ikoresha imikorere yo kwimura imvange isubira inyuma ihuza na SDR mugihe itanga inyungu za HDR kuri ecran. Igisubizo cyiza cyemerera abakwirakwiza amakuru kohereza ikimenyetso kimwe gikora mubikoresho bya HDR na SDR. Igishushanyo mbonera cya HLG gituma biba byiza kuri siporo nzima, amakuru, nibindi bintu nyabyo-igihe aho inzira igoye yo kwiga ikenewe kuri HDR10 + cyangwa Dolby Vision idakwiye. HLG ishyigikira Rec. Umwanya wamabara 2020 hamwe na 10-biti ya kodegisi, itanga iterambere ryinshi kuri SDR mugihe ukomeje ubworoherane bukenewe mugutangaza amakuru. Abanyamakuru bakomeye ku isi hose bemeje HLG yohereza HDR, kandi imiterere iragenda ishyigikirwa nu mbuga za interineti zikubiyemo ibintu bizima. Imiterere yubushobozi bwo gukora idafite ikarita yerekana amajwi ituma iba iy’agaciro cyane kubatunganya ibintu bakeneye itangwa rya HDR ryizewe ahantu hatandukanye.
Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki no guhuza
Gusobanukirwa ibya tekinike yuburyo butandukanye bwa HDR ningirakamaro kubakora ibintu, abakwirakwiza, hamwe nabaguzi bafata ibyemezo byibikoresho. HDR10 ikoresha uburebure bwa 10-bit hamwe na Rec. Umwanya wamabara 2020 hamwe na PQ (SMPTE ST 2084) ibikorwa byo kohereza, bishyigikira urumuri rugera kuri 10,000 nits hamwe na metadata ihagaze. HDR10 + ikomeza ibisobanuro bimwe mugihe wongeyeho ubushobozi bwa metadata ukoresheje SMPTE ST 2094-40. Dolby Vision itanga ibisobanuro bihanitse hamwe nubujyakuzimu bwa 12-bit, nubwo benshi mubikorwa byabaguzi bakoresha 10-bit, kandi bigashyigikira ibikorwa byombi byo kohereza PQ na HLG bitewe numwirondoro wakoreshejwe. Guhuza ibitekerezo bigira uruhare runini muguhitamo imiterere no kuyishyira mubikorwa. HDR10 yishimira inkunga yisi yose mubikoresho bifasha HDR, bigatuma ihitamo neza kubwinshi bwagutse. Inkunga ya HDR10 + yazamutse cyane, hamwe ninganda zikomeye za TV hamwe na serivise zitanga amakuru zifata imiterere, nubwo itagaragara hose nka HDR10. Dolby Vision isaba uruhushya nubufasha bwihariye bwibikoresho, bigabanya kuboneka kubikoresho bihebuje, ariko bitanga ubuziranenge bushoboka iyo bishyizwe mubikorwa neza. Inkunga ya HLG iratandukana mukarere no kuyikoresha, hamwe no kwakirwa cyane kumasoko yo gutangaza ugereranije no gutambuka hamwe nibitangazamakuru bifatika.
Guhitamo Imiterere ikwiye ya HDR kubyo ukeneye
Guhitamo imiterere ikwiye ya HDR biterwa nibintu byinshi birimo ubwoko bwibirimo, uburyo bwo kugabura, intego yabateze amatwi, nibisabwa tekinike. Kubisanzwe muri rusange gukwirakwiza no guhuza byinshi, HDR10 ikomeza guhitamo cyane kubera inkunga yayo yose kandi yizewe. Abakora ibirimo bagamije ubunararibonye bagomba gutekereza kuri HDR10 + kubushobozi bwayo bwa metadata mugihe bakomeza guhuza kwagutse, cyangwa Dolby Vision kubikorwa byujuje ubuziranenge aho abayigana bafite ibikoresho bihanitse byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Umusaruro wakazi hamwe numuyoboro wo gukwirakwiza bigira uruhare runini muguhitamo imiterere. Serivise zitemba akenshi zishyigikira imiterere myinshi ya HDR, yemerera ibirimo gutangwa muburyo bwiza buboneka kuri buri gikoresho. Porogaramu isakaza porogaramu isanzwe itonesha HLG kubwiza bwayo bwo guhuza hamwe nibisabwa byakazi byoroshye. Abakora itangazamakuru ryumubiri barashobora guhitamo hagati ya HDR10 kugirango bahuze cyane cyangwa Dolby Vision kubisohoka bihebuje bigenewe abumva bashishikaye. Iyo ukorana na dosiye ya videwo ya HDR, kugira ibikoresho byizewe byo guhinduka biba ngombwa muguhuza ibirimo hagati yimiterere itandukanye no kwemeza guhuza kurubuga hamwe nibikoresho bitandukanye.
Ibyingenzi
Imiterere ya HDR ikora intego zitandukanye
Buri format ya HDR ikemura ibibazo byihariye byo gukoresha nibisabwa tekiniki
- HDR10 itanga ubwuzuzanye rusange bwo gukwirakwiza kwagutse
- HDR10 + na Dolby Vision itanga imbaraga zo gukora neza kuburambe bwiza
- HLG ni indashyikirwa mu gutangaza no gutangiza porogaramu
Ibisobanuro bya tekinike Ingaruka nziza
Gusobanukirwa imiterere yihariye ifasha guhuza itangwa ryibirimo no kureba uburambe
- Ubujyakuzimu bwa 10-biti ikuraho bande kandi itezimbere gradients
- Dynamic metadata ituma ibibaho byerekanwa neza
- Umwanya wamabara hamwe numucyo mwinshi byerekana ingaruka rusange
Guhuza Gutwara Kurera
Intsinzi yimiterere iterwa cyane nubufasha bwibikoresho no kwinjiza inganda
- HDR10 itanga igikoresho kinini cyagutse
- Imiterere ya premium isaba inkunga yihariye yibikoresho
- Imiterere ya Broadcast ishyira imbere ubworoherane bwakazi kurenza ubwiza buhebuje
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya metadata ihagaze kandi ifite imbaraga muri HDR?
Metadata ihagaze neza (ikoreshwa muri HDR10) ikoresha ibipimo bimwe bya HDR kuri videwo yose, mugihe metadata ifite imbaraga (ikoreshwa muri HDR10 + na Dolby Vision) itanga uburyo bwiza bwo gukora ibintu neza-byerekana cyangwa bikaduka, bitanga uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza n’imiterere itandukanye yibiranga nibisabwa.
Nshobora kureba HDR10 + ibirimo kuri HDR10 gusa?
Nibyo, HDR10 + isubira inyuma ihuza na HDR10 yerekana. Dynamic metadata izirengagizwa, nibirimo bizakina ukoresheje ibipimo fatizo bya HDR10, biracyatanga uburambe bwa HDR nubwo bidafite imbaraga zo kuzamura imbaraga.
Kuki serivisi zimwe zitanga amakuru menshi ya HDR?
Serivise zitanga amakuru menshi ya HDR kugirango tumenye neza uburambe bwo kureba mubikoresho bitandukanye. Ibi bibafasha kugeza Dolby Vision kubikoresho bihebuje mugihe bagarutse kuri HDR10 + cyangwa HDR10 kugirango bahuze cyane, bigatuma ababumva bagera.
Ese Dolby Vision buri gihe iruta HDR10 +?
Dolby Vision mubisanzwe itanga ubuhanga buhanitse kandi butunganijwe neza, ariko itandukaniro ryukuri ryo kureba riterwa nubushobozi bwo kwerekana, kumenya neza ubuziranenge, hamwe n’ibidukikije. Imiterere yombi itanga uburambe bwiza bwa HDR mugihe ishyizwe mubikorwa neza.
Nkeneye software idasanzwe yo gukorana na dosiye ya videwo ya HDR?
Gukorana na videwo ya HDR bisaba software ishyigikira imiterere ya HDR no gucunga neza amabara. Porogaramu yabigize umwuga yo gutunganya amashusho, abakinyi b’itangazamakuru bafite inkunga ya HDR, hamwe nibikoresho byihariye byo guhindura birakenewe kugirango ubungabunge ubuziranenge bwa HDR mu bicuruzwa no gukwirakwiza.
Ni bangahe ingano ya dosiye nkwiye gutegereza hamwe na videwo ya HDR?
Video ya HDR mubisanzwe yongerera ubunini bwa dosiye 25-40% ugereranije nibiri muri SDR ihwanye na 10-kodegisi, kwagura amabara ya gamut, hamwe na metadata hejuru. Ubwiyongere nyabwo buterwa nimiterere yihariye ya HDR, igenamiterere ryo kwikuramo, nibiranga ibirimo.
Ibirimo HDR birashobora guhinduka muburyo butandukanye?
Nibyo, ibirimo HDR birashobora guhinduka hagati yimiterere, nubwo iki gikorwa gisaba gufata neza umwanya wamabara, gushushanya amajwi, na metadata kugirango ubungabunge ubuziranenge. Guhindura bimwe bishobora kuvamo igihombo cyiza, cyane cyane iyo uhinduye muburyo bwihariye nka Dolby Vision kuri HDR10.
Bigenda bite iyo HDR ikinwe kuri disikuru zitari HDR?
Iyo HDR ikinwe kuri SDR yerekana, gushushanya amajwi bibaho kugirango ugabanye intera yagutse mu bushobozi bwo kwerekana. Iyi nzira iratandukanye mubyiza bitewe na software ikinisha kandi irashobora kuvamo amashusho agaragara nkumwijima cyane cyangwa yogejwe nta mapping ya tone ikwiye.
Shira ubumenyi bwawe mubikorwa
Noneho ko usobanukiwe nibisobanuro, gerageza Guhindura kugirango ushyire mubikorwa ibyo wize. Guhindura kubuntu, kutagira imipaka nta konti isabwa.