Igenamiterere ryiza rya YouTube yoherejwe

Sobanukirwa na YouTube yo gukuramo amashusho

YouTube ishyigikira imiterere itandukanye ya videwo, ariko ntabwo format zose zakozwe zingana mugihe cyo kohereza ubwiza no gutunganya umuvuduko. Ihuriro risaba kumugaragaro dosiye ya MP4 hamwe na codec ya videwo ya H.264 hamwe na code ya AAC amajwi kugirango ibisubizo byiza. Ihuriro ritanga impagarike nziza yubunini bwa dosiye, ubuziranenge, hamwe nubwuzuzanye mubikoresho byose na mushakisha. Mugihe YouTube yemera imiterere nka MOV, AVI, WMV, FLV, na WebM, kohereza muri ubu buryo akenshi bivamo igihe kinini cyo gutunganya no gutesha agaciro ubuziranenge mugihe cyo guhindura YouTube. Ihuriro rihita ryongera gushakisha amashusho yose yoherejwe kumyanzuro myinshi nuburyo bwo gutambuka, ariko guhera kumiterere yatanzwe byemeza ibisubizo byiza bishoboka. Gusobanukirwa ibi bisabwa bya tekiniki nibyingenzi kubakora ibintu bifuza ko amashusho yabo agaragara nkumwuga kandi yikoreza vuba kubareba.

• MP4 hamwe na code ya H.264 nuburyo bwa YouTube bukunzwe
• Ingano ntarengwa ya dosiye ni 256GB cyangwa amasaha 12 muburebure
• Igipimo gishyigikiwe kirimo 24, 25, 30, 48, 50, na 60 FPS

Gukemura Amashusho meza na Igenamiterere rya Bitrate

Gukemura amashusho hamwe na bitrate akazi mukiganza kugirango umenye ubwiza bwawe bwoherejwe nubunini bwa dosiye. Kubikuramo 1080p, YouTube irasaba bitrate iri hagati ya 8-12 Mbps kubiciro bisanzwe hamwe na 12-18 Mbps kubintu biri hejuru (50 / 60fps). Hejuru ya bitrate ibika ibisobanuro birambuye kandi igabanye ibihangano byo guhunika, ariko kandi bivamo ubunini bwa dosiye nini nigihe cyo kohereza. Mugihe uhisemo gukemura, suzuma ibikoresho byawe hamwe nababumva. Mugihe 4K (2160p) itanga ibisobanuro bitangaje, bisaba bitrate yo hejuru cyane (35-45 Mbps) nigihe kinini cyo gutunganya. Abarema benshi basanga 1080p itanga umwanya uryoshye hagati yubuziranenge nibikorwa. Ni ngombwa kandi guhuza ibyemezo byawe byoherejwe kubisubizo byafashwe amajwi – kuzamura amashusho yo hasi cyane ntibishobora kuzamura ubuziranenge kandi akenshi bizana ibihangano udashaka. Kubisubizo byiza, koresha impinduka ya bitrate (VBR) kodegisi aho kuba bitrate ihoraho (CBR). VBR itanga bits nyinshi kubintu bigoye hamwe nibintu byinshi byerekanwe cyangwa birambuye mugihe ukoresheje bits nkeya kubintu byoroshye, bikavamo ubuziranenge muri rusange mubunini bwa dosiye nto.

Iboneza amajwi kubisubizo byumwuga

Ubwiza bwamajwi akenshi bwirengagizwa ariko bugira uruhare runini mubikorwa byo kureba no kugumana. YouTube irasaba codec ya AAC amajwi hamwe nicyitegererezo cya 48kHz na bitrate ya 384 kbps kumajwi ya stereo. Igenamiterere ritanga amajwi asobanutse yerekana amajwi mugihe agumana ubunini bwa dosiye. Irinde gukoresha bitrate yo hepfo nka 128 kbps, kuko zishobora kumenyekanisha ibihangano bigaragara byo guhonyora bitesha uburambe bwo kureba. Kubakora ibirimo ukoresheje amajwi menshi, nkumuziki utandukanye hamwe n’amajwi yafashwe, ni ngombwa kuringaniza neza urwego mbere yo kohereza. Gutunganya amajwi ya YouTube birashobora rimwe na rimwe kongera ubusumbane buriho, bigatuma kuvanga nabi kurushaho kugaragara. Menya neza ko amajwi yawe agera kuri -6dB kugeza kuri -3dB, ugasiga icyumba cyo gutunganya YouTube mugihe wirinze kugoreka. Urwego rwamajwi ruhoraho muri videwo yawe nayo itezimbere ubunararibonye bwabareba kandi bigabanya amahirwe yabareba bahindura amajwi yabo buri gihe.

Igipimo cyikadiri nigenamiterere ryimikorere

Igipimo cya frame kigira ingaruka cyane kuburambe bwo kureba hamwe nubunini bwa dosiye yoherejwe na YouTube. Ibirimo bisanzwe mubisanzwe bikoresha 24fps (cinematike), 25fps (uturere twa PAL), cyangwa 30fps (bisanzwe byerekana), mugihe imikino nibirimo byinshi byunguka akenshi biva muri 60fps kugirango ikine neza. Ihame ryibanze ni uguhuza igipimo cyawe cyo kohereza kubikoresho byawe – irinde igipimo cyibipimo bihinduka mugihe bishoboka kuko bishobora gutangiza kwinangira cyangwa kugenda nabi. Kubintu biri hejuru yikigereranyo, menya neza ko bitrate yawe iri hejuru bihagije kugirango ukemure amakuru yigihe gito. Video ya 60fps isaba hafi 1.5x bitrate yingana na 30fps ihwanye kugirango igumane urwego rumwe. Byongeye kandi, tekereza kubateze amatwi akamenyero n’ibikoresho. Mugihe 60fps itanga icyerekezo cyoroshye, bisaba umurongo mugari hamwe nimbaraga zo gutunganya, ibyo ntibishobora kuba byiza kubareba kubitinda buhoro cyangwa ibikoresho bishaje. Mugihe ushushanya ibintu biremereye nka videwo yo gukina cyangwa amashusho ya siporo, koresha igenamigambi rikwiye ryo kugereranya muri kodegisi yawe. Ikigereranyo cyiza cyo kugereranya algorithm irashobora kunoza cyane isura yibintu byihuta kandi bikagabanya ibihangano, nubwo byongera igihe cyo kubisoma.

Umwanya Ibara na Dynamic Range Ibitekerezo

Umwanya wamabara hamwe nimbaraga zingirakamaro bigira ingaruka kuburyo amashusho yawe agaragara mubikoresho bitandukanye no kwerekana. Youtube ishyigikira urwego rusanzwe rufite imbaraga (SDR) hamwe nurwego rwo hejuru (HDR), ariko benshi mubareba baracyareba kuri SDR yerekanwe. Kubirimo SDR, koresha Rec. Umwanya wamabara 709 (uzwi kandi nka sRGB) ufite intera ntarengwa (16-235) kumabara-yerekana amabara yerekana neza mubikoresho byose. Ibirimo bya HDR bitanga amabara yagutse kandi akayangana ariko bisaba ibipimo byihariye bya kodegisi hamwe nibikoresho byo kureba. Niba urimo kohereza ibiri muri HDR, koresha Rec. Umwanya wamabara 2020 hamwe na PQ (Perceptual Quantizer) cyangwa HLG (Hybrid Log-Gamma) ibikorwa byo kohereza. Ariko rero, menya neza ko ibikubiyemo byafashwe cyangwa byakozwe muri HDR – byerekana gusa SDR nkuko HDR izavamo amabara yogejwe hamwe nuburambe bwo kureba nabi. Kugirango ibara risobanuke neza, burigihe ukore mubidukikije hanyuma wohereze ukoresheje umwanya wamabara nkumushinga wawe. Irinde ibara ryikora ryikora, kuko rishobora guhindura amabara muburyo butunguranye. Niba utazi neza ibijyanye n’ibara, komeza hamwe na Rec. 709 / sRGB, itanga uburyo bwo gukinisha buri gihe murwego rwagutse rwibikoresho no kureba ibintu.

Gutegura dosiye no gukuramo Optimisation

Gutegura neza dosiye birashobora kugabanya cyane igihe cyo kohereza no gutinda gutunganya. Mbere yo kohereza, menya neza ko dosiye yawe ya videwo ikozwe neza kandi neza. Koresha scan igenda itera imbere aho gukoresha videwo, nkuko ibirimo bishobora guteranya ibihangano byerekana ibigezweho. Byongeye kandi, shyira atome ya moov mu ntangiriro ya dosiye ya MP4 (nanone yitwa ‘web optimisation’ cyangwa ‘gutangira byihuse’) kugirango ushobore gukuramo no gutera imbere byihuse. Reba umurongo wa enterineti hanyuma wohereze gahunda mugihe utegura dosiye. Idosiye nini ya 4K irashobora gufata amasaha yo kohereza kumurongo wihuta, kandi umurongo wo gutunganya YouTube urashobora kongeraho gutinda kwinyongera mugihe cyibihe. Kubintu bikubiyemo igihe, kohereza mugihe cyamasaha (mubisanzwe bitinze cyangwa mugitondo cya kare mukarere kawe) akenshi bivamo gutunganya byihuse. Urashobora kandi kohereza videwo nkurutonde cyangwa iyambere kugirango urangize gutunganya mbere yo kuyishyira kumugaragaro. Izina rya dosiye hamwe na metadata organisation akenshi birengagizwa ariko ibintu byingenzi byo kohereza. Koresha amazina asobanura amazina kandi urebe neza ko umwanditsi wawe wa videwo yohereza metadata isukuye. Porogaramu zimwe zo guhindura zirimo metadata idakenewe ishobora kongera ingano ya dosiye cyangwa igatera ibibazo byo gutunganya. Kugira igikumwe cyawe, umutwe, ibisobanuro, na tagi byiteguye mbere yo kohereza nabyo byerekana inzira yo gutangaza.