Ua wehewehe ʻia nā kiʻi Vector vs Raster

Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā kiʻi Raster: The Foundation of Digital Photography

ʻO nā kiʻi raster, ʻike ʻia hoʻi he kiʻi bitmap, ua haku ʻia me kahi mākia o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia nā pika. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia pika ka ʻike kala kikoʻī, a ke hoʻonohonoho pū ʻia nā tausani a miliona paha o kēia mau pika, hana lākou i ke kiʻi piha āu e ʻike ai ma kāu pale. ʻO ka maikaʻi a me nā kikoʻī o kahi kiʻi raster e hilinaʻi piha ʻia i kāna hoʻonā – ka helu o nā pika ma ka ʻīniha (PPI) a i ʻole nā ​​kiko i kēlā me kēia ʻīniha (DPI). ʻO nā ʻano hōʻano raster maʻamau me JPEG, PNG, GIF, BMP, a me TIFF. He kūpono kēia mau ʻano no nā kiʻi, nā kiʻi paʻakikī me nā gradients, a me nā hana kiʻi e pono ai nā kikoʻī maikaʻi a me nā ʻano kala. ʻO nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi, scanners, a me ka hapa nui o nā polokalamu hoʻoponopono kiʻi e hana nui me nā kiʻi raster no ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopu ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka waihoʻoluʻu a me nā kikoʻī paʻakikī i loaʻa i ke kiʻi honua maoli. ʻIke ʻia ka palena nui o nā kiʻi raster ke hoʻāʻo ʻoe e hoʻololi iā lākou. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i kahi kiʻi raster ma mua o kāna hoʻonā kumu e loaʻa ai ka pixelation – ʻike ʻia nā pika pākahi, e hana ana i kahi hiʻohiʻona poloka a haʻahaʻa. ʻO kēia no ka mea pono e koho ka polokalamu i ke ʻano o nā pika hou, kahi kaʻina i kapa ʻia ʻo interpolation, ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā hopena kūpono.

• Pono no nā kiʻi a me nā kiʻi paʻakikī me nā kala he nui
• Hoʻonui ka nui o ka faila me ka hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe a me nā ana kiʻi
• Hoʻemi ka maikaʻi ke hoʻonui ʻia ma mua o ka nui kumu
• Kākoʻo ʻia e nā mea hana a me nā lako polokalamu

Nā Kiʻi Vector: Nā Kiʻi Scalable i kūkulu ʻia me ka pololei o ka makemakika

ʻOkoʻa loa nā kiʻi vector i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻike ʻike. Ma kahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pika, hoʻohana nā kiʻi kiʻi vector i nā ʻōkuhi makemakika e wehewehe i nā ʻano, nā laina, nā pihi, a me nā kala. Hōʻike kēia mau wehewehe makemakika i ke kamepiula pehea e kaha ai i ke kiʻi ma kēlā me kēia nui, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia nā kiʻi vector me ka ʻole o ka nalowale o ka maikaʻi a i ʻole ka ʻoi. ʻO nā ʻano hoʻopono vector kaulana ʻo SVG, EPS, AI (Adobe Illustrator), a me PDF (inā loaʻa nā mea vector). Hana ʻia nā kiʻi Vector me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā polokalamu kiʻi e like me Adobe Illustrator, CorelDRAW, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻokoʻa like ʻole e like me Inkscape. Maikaʻi lākou i ka mālama ʻana i nā hōʻailona, ​​nā kiʻiona, nā kiʻi kiʻi, nā kiʻi maʻalahi, a me nā hana kiʻi ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā ʻano i wehewehe ʻia a me nā kala paʻa. ʻO ke ʻano makemakika o nā kiʻi vector e hana maikaʻi loa ia no kekahi mau ʻano kiʻi. Hiki ke wehewehe ʻia kahi hōʻailona maʻalahi e koi ana i mau kaukani pika ma ke ʻano raster me kekahi mau hoʻohālikelike makemakika wale nō ma ka hoʻohālikelike vector, e hopena i ka nui o nā faila liʻiliʻi no nā kiʻi maʻalahi.

• Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia me ka nele o ka maikaʻi
• ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā faila no nā kiʻi maʻalahi
• He kūpono no nā logo, nā kiʻi, a me nā kiʻi
• Maʻalahi e hoʻoponopono i kēlā me kēia mea

Nā ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi i ka maikaʻi a me ka hiki ke hoʻonui

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma waena o nā kiʻi vector a me raster aia i ke ʻano o kā lākou mālama ʻana i ka scaling. Ke hoʻonui ʻoe i ke kiʻi vector mai ka nui kāleka ʻoihana a i ka nui o ka bila, mālama ia i ka ʻoi loa a me nā ʻaoʻao ʻoluʻolu no ka mea e helu hou ana ke kamepiula i nā ʻōkuhi makemakika no nā ana hou. ʻO nā kiʻi raster naʻe, lilo i pixelated a pohihihi ke hoʻonui nui ʻia ma mua o ko lākou hoʻonā kumu. He ʻokoʻa loa ka mālama kala ʻana ma waena o nā ʻano ʻelua. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kiʻi Raster i ka hōʻike ʻana i nā miliona o nā kala me nā ʻoniʻoni maʻalahi a me nā hoʻololi maʻalahi, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā lākou no nā kiʻi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kiʻi Vector me nā kala paʻa a me nā ʻano i wehewehe ʻia, ʻoiai hiki i nā ʻano vector hou ke hoʻopaʻa i nā gradients a me kekahi mau hopena kiʻi, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike i ka paʻakikī o ka waihoʻoluʻu me nā ʻano raster. ʻOkoʻa ka manaʻo nui o ka faila ma muli o ka paʻakikī o ke kiʻi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kiʻi maʻalahi me nā kala liʻiliʻi e like me nā vectors, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kiʻi paʻakikī me nā kala a me nā kikoʻī he nui e like me nā faila raster. He 2KB paha ka logo maʻalahi ma ke ʻano he faila vector SVG akā ʻo 200KB ma ke ʻano he faila PNG raster kiʻekiʻe.

Ke koho ʻana i ke ʻano kūpono no kāu papahana

ʻO ke koho ʻana ma waena o nā ʻano vector a me raster ma muli o kāu ʻike kiʻi a me ka hoʻohana ʻana. No nā kiʻi, nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi me nā ʻano paʻakikī, a i ʻole kekahi kiʻi i hopu ʻia me ka pahupaʻikiʻi a i ʻole ka scanner, ʻo nā palapala raster kāu koho kūpono wale nō. Hana maikaʻi ʻo JPEG no nā kiʻi kahi e ʻae ʻia ai ke kaomi ʻana, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o PNG no nā kiʻi e koi ana i ka māliko a i ʻole ke makemake ʻoe i ka hoʻoemi pohō ʻole. ʻIke ʻia nā ʻano kiʻi vector no nā logos, nā kiʻi hōʻailona, ​​​​nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, nā kiʻi maʻalahi, a me nā hana kiʻi ʻē aʻe e pono e hana ma nā ʻano nui. Inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā ana i kahi hōʻailona e ʻike ʻia ma nā kāleka ʻoihana a me nā bila, pono ke ʻano vector. Pēlā nō, pōmaikaʻi nā kiʻiona no nā pūnaewele a me nā noi mai ka hōʻano vector no ka mea pono lākou e nānā maʻalahi i nā hoʻonā a me ka nui o ka pale. E noʻonoʻo i kāu kaʻina hana a me nā pono hui pū kekahi. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā faila Vector no ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke koho a hoʻoponopono i kēlā me kēia mea. Pono nā kiʻi raster i nā ʻenehana hoʻoponopono ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a hiki ke luku ʻia – ke hoʻopalahalaha ʻoe i nā papa a i ʻole e hōʻemi i ka hoʻonā, e nalowale mau ana kēlā ʻike. No ka hana hoʻolālā ʻoihana, hiki i ka mālama ʻana i nā kumu vector no nā hoʻololi a me ka hoʻohana hou ʻana.

Hoʻololi ʻana i ka waihona: i ka manawa a pehea e hoʻololi ai

ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana ma waena o nā ʻano vector a me raster ka mea maʻamau i nā kaila hana ʻoihana, akā koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hopena. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana mai ka vector i ka raster (rasterization) he maʻalahi a mālama i ka maikaʻi inā hana ʻia me ka hoʻonā kūpono. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā vectors no ka hoʻohana pūnaewele, paʻi paʻi ʻana, a i ʻole i ka wā e hana ana me nā polokalamu ʻaʻole kākoʻo i nā ʻano vector. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻololi ʻana mai ka raster a i ka vector (vectorization a i ʻole tracing) a loaʻa pinepine nā hopena kūpono. Hiki ke hoʻololi i nā kiʻi raster maʻalahi i nā vectors, akā hana maikaʻi lākou me nā kiʻi ʻokoʻa kiʻekiʻe e like me nā logo a i ʻole nā ​​kiʻi laina. ʻAʻole hiki i nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi a me nā kiʻi paʻakikī ke hōʻike pololei i nā ʻano kala maʻalahi. Ke hoʻololi nei i nā ʻano, e hana mau mai ke kumu kiʻekiʻe loa i loaʻa a noʻonoʻo i nā koi hoʻopuka hope. No ka hana paʻi ʻana, e hōʻoia i ka lawa o ka hoʻonā ʻana o nā kiʻi raster (maʻamau 300 DPI), ʻoiai hiki i nā kiʻi pūnaewele ke hoʻohana i nā hoʻonā haʻahaʻa (72-150 DPI) no nā manawa hoʻouka wikiwiki.

Nā hana maikaʻi loa no ka hana ʻana me nā ʻano ʻano ʻelua

Pono pinepine nā papahana kikohoʻe kūleʻa e hana pū nā mea vector a me raster. Hiki i ka hoʻolālā pūnaewele ke hoʻohana i nā kiʻi vector no nā logo a me nā kiʻi ʻoiai e hoʻopili ana i nā kiʻi raster no ka nānā ʻana. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻano ʻelua e hōʻoia i nā hopena ʻoihana a me nā kahe hana kūpono. No nā kiʻi kiʻi vector, e hoʻonohonoho pono i kāu mau hoʻolālā me ka hoʻokele papa kūpono a me nā kuʻina inoa paʻa. E hoʻohana i nā ʻano kala kūpono (RGB no ke kikohoʻe, CMYK no ka paʻi ʻana) a mālama i nā faila kumu hoʻoponopono. I ka hana ʻana i nā vectors, e noʻonoʻo pehea e hoʻohana ʻia ai – hiki i nā vector paʻakikī me nā wahi heleuma he nui ke hoʻolohi i nā polokalamu kele pūnaewele a hoʻonui i ka nui o ka faila. Hoʻopili ka hoʻonui kiʻi Raster i ke kaulike ʻana i ka maikaʻi me ka nui o ka faila. E koho i nā hoʻonohonoho kōmike kūpono no kāu ʻano hoʻouna, mālama i nā kope kope o nā kumu hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe, a e hoʻohana i nā kiʻi kala kūpono. No ka hoʻohana pūnaewele, e noʻonoʻo i nā ʻenehana kiʻi pane e lawelawe ana i nā ʻōlelo hoʻoholo like ʻole e pili ana i ka hiki ke hana.