Fotowo Dzraɖoƒe ƒe Mɔfiame
Mɔfiame si me kɔ nyuie si akpe ɖe ŋuwò nàse fotowo dzraɖoƒe ƒe ɖoɖo ƒe mɔfiame gɔme.
Fotowo ƒe Nudzraɖoƒe ƒe Nɔnɔmewo Gɔmesese
Fotowo dzraɖoƒe bia be woatia faɛl ƒe nɔnɔme siwo ada asɔ le nɔnɔmetata ƒe nyonyome, nudzraɖoƒe nyuie, kple ɣeyiɣi didi ƒe mɔnukpɔkpɔ me. To vovo na nɔnɔme siwo wowɔ nyuie na web ɖeɖefia alo wo mama enumake la, nudzraɖoƒe ƒe nɔnɔmewo tsɔa nyatakakawo takpɔkpɔ kple woƒe ɖekawɔwɔ le etsɔme ɖoa nɔƒe gbãtɔ. Alesi wò nɔnɔmetatawo atiae kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe alesi wò nɔnɔmetatawo anɔ agbe nyuie le mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe tɔtrɔwo me le ƒe bla nanewo me dzi ŋutɔ. Nusiwo mebu o abe TIFF kple PNG ene kpɔa nyatakaka gbãtɔwo ƒe piksel ɖesiaɖe ta, si wɔe be wosɔ nyuie na foto veviwo ƒe kɔpi bibiwo. Nɔnɔme siawo kpɔa egbɔ be wometsɔa nɔnɔmetata ƒe nyonyome aɖeke saa vɔe le edzraɖoɣi o, togbɔ be wobiaa nudzraɖoƒe geɖe hã. Nusiwo bu abe JPEG ene ateŋu asɔ na nudzraɖoƒe ƒe taɖodzinu aɖewo ne nudzraɖoƒe ƒe teƒe sue aɖe ko, gake wotsɔa nɔnɔmetata ŋuti nyatakakawo ƒua gbe tegbee le nutete me. Zi geɖe la, egbegbe nudzraɖoƒemɔnu zãa mɔnu si me wozãa nu vovovowo le, eye woléa be na master file siwo le nyonyome nyuitɔ kekeake esime wole kɔpi siwo woƒo ƒu wɔm hena gbesiagbe mɔɖeɖe. Mɔnu sia si wotsɔa nu vovovowo tsakana la daa asɔ le nudzraɖoƒe ƒe hiahiãwo kple nudzraɖoƒe ƒe mɔxenu ŋutɔŋutɔwo, si wɔnɛ be woate ŋu azã wo enumake eye wodzraa wò fotowo ƒe ŋkuɖodzinuwo ɖo ɣeyiɣi didi siaa.
TIFF: Sika ƒe Dzidzenu na Fotowo ƒe Nudzraɖoƒe
Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) tsi tre ɖi na dzidzenu si dzi ame geɖe da asi ɖo wu le fotowo dzraɖoƒe le dɔnyala kple dɔwɔƒewo ƒe nɔnɔmewo me. TIFF faɛlwo doa alɔ nudzraɖoƒe si woƒo kple esi womeƒo o siaa, kple nutete ƒe tiatia siwo me bu aɖeke mele o siwo ɖea faɛl ƒe lolome dzi kpɔtɔna evɔ wometsɔa nɔnɔmetata ƒe nyonyome saa vɔe o. Amadede vovovowo ƒe goglome le nɔnɔmea me, tso 8-bit va ɖo 32-bit le mɔ̃ ɖesiaɖe dzi, si wɔe be wòsɔ na nusianu tso foto veviwo dzi va ɖo dɔnyala bibiwo ƒe foto siwo ƒe ŋusẽ de ŋgɔ dzi. TIFF ƒe metadata ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu geɖe ɖe mɔ be woadzra fotoɖemɔ̃ ƒe ɖoɖowo, nutata ƒe gomenɔamesi ŋuti nyatakakawo, nya veviwo, kple numeɖeɖe tsitotsito ɖo ɖe eme. Metadata ƒe ŋutete sia ɖee fia be exɔ asi ŋutɔ le foto gbogbowo nuƒoƒoƒu ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ kple afisi wotso ŋuti nyatakakawo me léle ɖe asi me le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe. Nɔnɔmea hã doa alɔ ƒuƒoƒo geɖe kple nukpɔkpɔ le gaglãgbe, si wɔe be wòsɔ kple nɔnɔmetatawo ɖɔɖɔɖo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ deŋgɔwo. TIFF ƒe kuxi vevitɔe nye eƒe faɛl gãwo, vevietɔ le nɔnɔmetata siwo ƒe lolome deŋgɔ gome. Foto ɖeka si ƒe lolome nye megapiksel 24 ate ŋu agbɔ 100MB bɔbɔe ne wodzrae ɖo abe TIFF si womeƒo o ene. Gake egbegbe nudzraɖoƒe ƒe gazazãwo na be esia megaxe mɔ ɖe esia nu boo o, eye alesi nɔnɔmea sɔ le xexeame katã le mɔ̃wo kple kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo me ta na be gadede nudzraɖoƒea ta le nudzraɖoƒe ƒe taɖodzinu veviwo ta.
JPEG: Dadasɔ le Nyonyome Kple Nudzraɖoƒe Nyuitɔ Ŋu
Togbɔ be enye nɔnɔme si me wobu hã la, JPEG gakpɔtɔ sɔ na fotowo dzraɖoƒe ne wozãe le nunya me. Egbegbe JPEG encoding le nyonyome ƒe seƒe siwo nye 90% alo esi wu nenema me naa nusiwo womate ŋu ade vovototo wo nɔewo me le nukpɔkpɔ me tso gbãtɔa gbɔ o esime wòɖoa faɛl ƒe lolome dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ ɖedzesiwo gbɔ. Le ƒomea ƒe fotowo nuƒoƒoƒu kple nudzraɖoƒe siwo wozãna na nusianu gome la, JPEG si le nyonyome nyuitɔ kekeake ate ŋu ana woaɖe asi le nɔnɔmetata ƒe nyonyome kple nudzraɖoƒe ƒe nudidiwo dome si dzi woda asi ɖo. JPEG ƒe xexeame katã ƒe ɖekawɔwɔ kpɔa egbɔ be nɔnɔmetata siwo wodzra ɖo ɖi la gakpɔtɔ li woate ŋu akpɔ le mɔ̃wo kple mɔ̃wo katã dzi, fifia kple etsɔme siaa. Alesi woxɔ ɖoɖoa le afisiafi na kakaɖedzi be JPEG ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu anɔ anyi ƒe bla nane siwo gbɔna. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, zi geɖe la, JPEG faɛlwo xɔa agba heɖea wo fiana kabakaba wu wo hati siwo mebu o, si wɔnɛ be ezãla ƒe nuteƒekpɔkpɔ nyona ɖe edzi ne ele foto gãwo me dzrom. Gake JPEG ƒe nubuname ƒe nɔnɔme na be mesɔ na nɔnɔmetata siwo ate ŋu abia be woatrɔ asi le wo ŋu alo atrɔ asi le wo ŋu le etsɔme o. Ɣesiaɣi si wotrɔ asi le JPEG ŋu eye wogbugbɔ dzrae ɖo la, eƒe nyonyome ƒe bublu bubuwo dzɔna. Le nudzraɖoƒe ƒe taɖodzinuwo ta la, bu JPEG ŋu koŋ na nɔnɔmetata mamlɛ siwo ŋu wotrɔ asi le tsɔ wu be nàlé gbãtɔ siwo ate ŋu ahiã be woatrɔ asi le wo ŋu le etsɔme.
PNG Kple Mɔnu Bubu Siwo Mebu O
Portable Network Graphics (PNG) naa nutete si mebu o si ƒe faɛl ƒe lolome le sue wu TIFF si womeƒo o, si wɔe be wònye titinaƒe si hea fotowo dzraɖoƒe. PNG nyo wu vevietɔ le nɔnɔmetata siwo me amadede sesẽwo, nuŋɔŋlɔ siwo wotsɔ tsyɔ wo dzi, alo nɔnɔmetatawo ƒe akpa gãwo le la gome. Nɔnɔmea doa alɔ nuwɔwɔ le gaglãgbe eye wònaa nutete nyuitɔ kekeake na screenshots, nuŋlɔɖi siwo wotsɔ digitized, kple nɔnɔmetata siwo ƒe go ɖaɖɛ alo amadede siwo seɖoƒe li na. PNG ƒe nyatakakadzraɖoƒe ƒe ɖekawɔwɔ si keke ta na be woate ŋu akpɔe ɣeyiɣi didi, togbɔ be TIFF ƒe nɔnɔme deŋgɔ aɖewo abe amadede ƒe teƒe geɖewo kple metadata ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu geɖe mele esi o hã. Le foto siwo ƒe gbeɖiɖi kple ɖiɖime nɔa anyi ɖaa gome la, zi geɖe la, PNG faɛlwo va lolona wu JPEG faɛl siwo ƒe nyonyome sɔ kple wo nɔewo esime womenaa nukpɔkpɔ ƒe ŋgɔyiyi sue aɖe ko. Nu bubu siwo ŋu nubuname mele o siwo ŋu wòle be woabu dometɔ aɖewoe nye WebP (si naa nutete si de ŋgɔ wu PNG) kple HEIF (si naa nyonyome kple lolome ƒe sɔsɔme nyuitɔ kekeake). Gake nɔnɔme yeye siawo doa go kuxi siwo ate ŋu ado mo ɖa le woƒe ɖekawɔwɔ kple kɔmpiutadziɖoɖo kple ɖoɖo xoxowo ŋu. Ne èle nɔnɔme bubuwo tiam la, bu eŋu kpɔ nenye be ga si wodzra ɖo ɖe nudzraɖoƒea ŋu la sɔ be woatsi dzi ɖe alesi woate ŋu akpɔe le etsɔme ŋu.
RAW Files: Nɔnɔmetata ƒe Nyatakaka Siwo Sɔ Wu Takpɔkpɔ
RAW faɛlwo tsi tre ɖi na nudzraɖoƒe ƒe ɖoɖo mamlɛtɔ, si me nyatakaka blibo siwo ŋu womewɔ dɔ tsoe o siwo dijitaal fotoɖemɔ̃ ƒe sensorwo lé la le. To vovo na JPEG alo TIFF faɛl siwo ŋu fotoɖemɔ̃ ƒe dɔwɔnuwo wɔa dɔ le gɔ̃ hã la, RAW faɛlwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ƒe didime kple amadede ŋuti nyatakaka bliboa si woléna le wo ɖeɖe ɖe go me la ta. Nyatakakawo léle ɖe asi bliboe sia ɖea mɔ be woate ŋu atrɔ asi le fotoa ŋudɔwɔwɔ vɔ megbe geɖe ƒe geɖe alo ƒe bla nanewo le fotoa ɖeɖe vɔ megbe. Fotoɖemɔ̃wɔƒe ɖesiaɖe zãa RAW ƒe nɔnɔme siwo nye etɔ (CR2/CR3 na Canon, NEF na Nikon, ARW na Sony), si ate ŋu ana woatsi dzi ɖe woƒe ɖekawɔwɔ ŋu ɣeyiɣi didi. Adobe ƒe Digital Negative (DNG) ƒe nɔnɔme si le ʋuʋu ɖi la kpɔa nya sia gbɔ to RAW ƒe nɔnɔme si woɖo ɖe ɖoɖo nu si ana woakpɔ egbɔ be woate ŋu akpɔe le etsɔme me. RAW faɛl siwo nye ame ŋutɔ tɔ tɔtrɔ ɖe DNG me ate ŋu ana nudzraɖoƒe ƒe dedienɔnɔ nanɔ anyi esime wole nɔnɔmetata gbãtɔwo katã me ɖe asi. Zi geɖe la, RAW faɛlwo hiã 20-50MB le nɔnɔmetata ɖesiaɖe me, si wɔnɛ be nudzraɖoƒe ƒe gazazãwo lolo ŋutɔ na nuƒoƒoƒu gãwo. Gake ŋutete si le ame si be wòazã mɔ̃ɖaŋununya siwo woatsɔ awɔ nɔnɔmetatawo ŋudɔ le etsɔme ɖe sensor data gbãtɔwo ŋu la naa gadede asi sia sɔ zi geɖe. Bu RAW nudzraɖoƒe be ele vevie na foto alo nɔnɔmetata siwo womate ŋu aɖɔli o siwo ŋu ŋutinya me vevienyenye le.
Habɔbɔ ƒe Aɖaŋuwo Kple Nuwɔna Nyuitɔwo
Fotowo dzraɖoƒe nyuie keke ta yi ŋgɔ wu nɔnɔmetatawo tiatia ko be wòaxɔ habɔbɔ ƒe ɖoɖo siwo me kɔ. Wɔ faɛl ŋkɔyɔyɔ ƒe ɖoɖo siwo mewɔa tɔtrɔ o siwo me ŋkekewo, nyatiwo, kple xexlẽdzesi siwo kplɔ wo nɔewo ɖo le la ŋudɔ be nàkpɔ egbɔ be woɖo wo ɖe ɖoɖo nu nyuie eye woate ŋu axɔ wo bɔbɔe. Wɔ agbalẽdzraɖoƒe ƒe ɖoɖo siwo woɖo ɖe ɖoɖo nu le ƒe, nudzɔdzɔ, alo nyati nu, nàƒo asa na nyatakakadzraɖoƒe siwo le atɔ me siwo sesẽ akpa siwo ate ŋu ava zu nusiwo mebɔ o le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe. Metadata dzikpɔkpɔ ɖee fia be ele vevie ŋutɔ na nudzraɖoƒe zazã ɣeyiɣi didi. De nya veviwo, numeɖeɖewo, teƒe ŋuti nyatakakawo, kple nutata ƒe gomenɔamesi ŋuti nyatakakawo nɔnɔmetatawo ƒe faɛlwo me tẽ tsɔ wu be nàɖo ŋu ɖe gotagome nyatakakadzraɖoƒe siwo ate ŋu agblẽ alo abu ŋu. Dɔwɔnu siwo le abe Adobe Bridge, Photo Mechanic, alo dɔwɔɖoɖo ƒe nɔnɔme siwo wotu ɖe eme gɔ̃ hã ate ŋu ana metadata ŋɔŋlɔ ɖe nɔnɔmetata geɖe me nanɔ bɔbɔe le ɣeyiɣi ɖeka me. Nudzraɖoƒewo dzi kpɔkpɔ edziedzi xea mɔ na nyatakakawo ƒe bu eye wòkpɔa egbɔ be woayi edzi akpɔ wo. Wɔ backup ƒe mɔnu aɖe ŋudɔ le 3-2-1 ƒe sea dzi: lé nɔnɔmetata veviwo ƒe kɔpi etɔ̃ ɖe te, dzra wo ɖo ɖe nyadzɔdzɔgblɔmɔ̃ ƒomevi vovovo eve dzi, eye nàna kɔpi ɖeka nanɔ teƒe bubu. Kpɔ nudzraɖoƒe ƒe blibonyenye ɖa ɣeaɖewoɣi, ʋu faɛlwo tso nudzraɖoƒe siwo le tsitsim la me, eye nàtrɔ asi le nɔnɔmewo ŋu ne ehiã be nàlé wo ɖe te be woawɔ ɖeka kple mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe dzidzenu siwo le tɔtrɔm.
Nu Vevi Siwo Wotsɔna Yia Nu
Tia Nɔnɔme Si Wotu Ðe Taɖodzinu Dzi
Nudzraɖoƒe ƒe nɔnɔme vovovowo hiã na ɖoɖowɔɖi ƒe mɔnu vovovowo hena emetsonu nyuitɔwo
- Zã TIFF alo RAW na master kɔpi siwo womate ŋu aɖɔli o
- Bu JPEG si le nyonyome nyuitɔ kekeake ŋu na ƒomea ƒe fotowo nuƒoƒoƒu le afisiafi
- Wɔ mɔnu vovovowo ƒe mɔnuwo ŋudɔ na nudzraɖoƒe gãwo
Da asɔ le Nyonyome Kple Nudzraɖoƒe
Egbegbe nudzraɖoƒewo bia be woawɔ ɖoɖo ɖe nɔnɔmetatawo ƒe nyonyome kple nudzraɖoƒe ƒe mɔxenu ŋutɔŋutɔwo dome
- Bu nudzraɖoƒe ƒe gazazãwo ŋu le nɔnɔmetata ƒe vevienyenye nu
- Zã nutete si me bu mele o ne faɛl ƒe lolomewo ɖe mɔ
- Bu ŋgɔyiyi siwo woawɔ le etsɔme le nudzraɖoƒe ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya me le ɖoɖowɔwɔ me ŋu kpɔ
Ðoɖowɔwɔ ɖe Mɔnukpɔkpɔwo Ŋu Ɣeyiɣi Didi
Fotowo ƒe nudzraɖoƒe siwo kpɔ dzidzedze gakpɔtɔ nye esiwo woate ŋu azã eye woate ŋu akpɔ wo ƒe bla nanewo to alesi wotiae nyuie me
- Tsɔ nɔnɔme siwo ŋu ame geɖe doa alɔe ɖo nɔƒe gbãtɔ wu tiatia siwo nye ame ŋutɔ tɔ
- De metadata faɛlwo me tsɔ wu be nàde gotagome nyatakakadzraɖoƒewo
- Ðo ʋuʋu ƒe ɖoɖowɔɖiwo edziedzi na tsitsi ƒe nɔnɔmewo
Nya Siwo Wobia Enuenu
Nukae nye ɖoɖo nyuitɔ kekeake si dzi woato adzra ƒomea ƒe fotowo ɖo?
Le ƒomea ƒe fotowo ƒe nudzraɖoƒe akpa gãtɔ gome la, JPEG si ƒe nyonyome deŋgɔ (90%+ ƒe nyonyome) naa nɔnɔmetata ƒe nyonyome, faɛl ƒe lolome, kple xexeame katã ƒe ɖekawɔwɔ ƒe dadasɔ nyui aɖe. Bu TIFF ŋu na nɔnɔmetata siwo le vevie ŋutɔ alo esiwo nàdi be yeatrɔ asi le emegbe.
Ðe wòle be madzra RAW faɛlwo ɖo na nye fotowo katãa?
Dzra RAW faɛlwo ɖo na wò foto nyuitɔwo kple vevitɔwo, vevietɔ esiwo ƒe akaɖi sesẽ alo esiwo ŋu asixɔxɔ gã aɖe le le aɖaŋudɔwo me. Le fotoɖeɖe siwo wowɔna edziedzi gome la, zi geɖe la, JPEG alo TIFF faɛl siwo ŋu wotrɔ asi le la sɔ gbɔ eye wodzraa wo ɖo nyuie wu sã.
Ɣeyiɣi didi kae foto siwo li fifia anɔ anyi woate ŋu axlẽ?
JPEG kple TIFF gakpɔtɔ li ke ƒe 25 kple edzivɔ eye womeɖe dzesi aɖeke fia be wodo xoxo o. Wodoa alɔ PNG hã le afisiafi. Nɔnɔme yeyewo abe WebP kple HEIF ene naa viɖewo gake womekpɔa kpekpeɖeŋu ɣeyiɣi didi aɖeke o.
Ðe wòsɔ be woatrɔ foto xoxowo ɖe nɔnɔme yeyewo mea?
Zi geɖe la, ƒo asa na fotowo tɔtrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo dome negbe ɖe wòhiã ko, elabena tɔtrɔ ate ŋu ahe fotowo ƒe nyonyome ƒe bu alo woƒe ɖekawɔwɔ ƒe kuxiwo vɛ. Ke boŋ, lé fɔ ɖe eŋu be nàkpɔ egbɔ be wodo alɔ wò nɔnɔme siwo li fifia nyuie eye wowɔ wo ƒe kɔpi nyuie.
Fail ƒe lolome kae wòle be makpɔ mɔ na na foto siwo wodzra ɖo ɖe nudzraɖoƒe?
Fail ƒe lolome toa vovo ŋutɔ le woƒe nɔnɔme kple woƒe lolome nu. Kpɔ mɔ na 2-8MB na JPEG ƒe nyonyome, 25-100MB na TIFF, kple 20-50MB na RAW faɛl siwo tso egbegbe fotoɖemɔ̃wo gbɔ. Wɔ ɖoɖo ɖe nudzraɖoƒe ŋu wòasɔ ɖe enu le wò nuƒoƒoƒu ƒe lolome nu.
Aleke gbegbee metadata le vevie na fotowo ƒe nudzraɖoƒewo?
Metadata le vevie ŋutɔ na nudzraɖoƒe zazã ɣeyiɣi didi. De nya veviwo, ŋkekewo, teƒe siwo wole, kple numeɖeɖewo nɔnɔmetatawo ƒe faɛlwo me tẽ. Nyatakaka siawo kpena ɖe ame ŋu be woawɔ ɖoɖo ɖe nuƒoƒoƒu ŋu eye wònaa nya siwo ƒo xlãe siwo ate ŋu abu le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe.
Ðe wòle be maƒo nye foto siwo wodzra ɖo ɖe nudzraɖoƒea nu ƒua?
Zã nutete si me bu mele o ne ele (abe LZW nutete le TIFF me ene) be nàɖe faɛl ƒe lolome dzi akpɔtɔ evɔ nyonyome mebu o. Ƒo asa na nutete si bu na master archive ƒe kɔpiwo, togbɔ be ate ŋu axɔe na mɔɖeɖe ƒe kɔpiwo hã.
Vovototo kae le nudzraɖoƒe kple nukpɔkpɔ ƒe nɔnɔmewo dome?
Nudzraɖoƒe ƒe ɖoɖowo tsɔa ɣeyiɣi didi ƒe nyatakakawo takpɔkpɔ kple nyatakakawo ƒe blibonyenye ɖoa nɔƒe gbãtɔ, gake ɖeɖefia ƒe ɖoɖowo ya nyona ɖe edzi na nukpɔkpɔ, mama, alo nyatakakadzraɖoƒe zazã. Bu evea siaa dzi kpɔkpɔ ŋu kpɔ: nudzraɖoƒe deŋgɔwo hena wo takpɔkpɔ kple woƒe kɔpi siwo wowɔ wònyo wu be woazã gbesiagbe.
Tsɔ Wò Sidzedzea De Dɔwɔwɔ Me
Fifia si nèse nukpɔsusuawo gɔme la, dze agbagba nàtrɔ asi le eŋu be nàtsɔ nusiwo nèsrɔ̃ la awɔ dɔe. Trɔtrɔ femaxee, si seɖoƒe meli na o, eye akɔntabubu aɖeke mehiã o.