Video Codec Tsɔtsɔ Sɔ Kple Wo Nɔewo Ŋuti Mɔfiame Blibo
Egbegbe video codec siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye H.264/AVC, H.265/HEVC, VP9, AV1, kple bubuwo me dzodzro tsitotsito. Di codec si sɔ nyuie na wò streaming, production, alo archiving hiahiãwo.
Emenyawo ƒe Tabla
- Video Codecs ƒe ŋgɔdonya
Srɔ̃ video ƒe nutete ƒe gɔmedzenufiafiawo kple nusita codec le vevie ŋutɔ na streaming kple edzadzraɖo.
- Video Codecs Gãwo ƒe Kpɔɖeŋu
H.264/AVC, H.265/HEVC, VP9, AV1, kple video codec vevi bubuwo me dzodzro tsitotsito.
- Codec ƒe Nusɔsrɔ̃ ƒe Tabla
Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya tsɔtsɔ sɔ kple axadzi le nutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie, eƒe nyonyome, kple eƒe ɖekawɔwɔ ŋu.
- Video Codecs ƒe Nɔnɔmetɔtrɔ
Ŋutinya me ŋgɔyiyi kple mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe ŋgɔyiyi le video ƒe nutete mɔ̃ɖaŋununya me.
- Zã Nyawo Kple Kafukafunyawo
Codec kae wɔa dɔ nyuie wu na streaming, production, archiving, kple nɔnɔme tɔxɛ bubuwo.
- Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe Deep Dive
Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya me dzodzro deŋgɔ le codec ememenuwo, bitrate ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie, kple encoding mɔnuwo ŋu.
- Nya Siwo Wobia Enuenu
Nyabiase siwo bɔ ku ɖe video codec tiatia, eƒe ɖekawɔwɔ, kple dɔwɔwɔ ŋu ƒe ŋuɖoɖo.
Video Codecs ƒe ŋgɔdonya
Video codecs nye dijitaal video mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe dzogoedzikpe, si wɔnɛ be woate ŋu adzra video me nyawo ɖo nyuie ahaɖo wo ɖe mɔ̃ vovovowo kple mɔ̃ vovovowo dzi. Le mɔfiame blibo sia me la, míadzro video codec vevitɔ kekeake siwo li egbea me, atsɔ woƒe ŋusẽ kple gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔwo asɔ kple wo nɔewo, eye míakpe ɖe ŋuwò nàtia codec nyuitɔ na wò hiahiã tɔxɛwo.
Eɖanye nyatakakawo wɔla, nyatakaka siwo woɖena ɖe go ƒe dɔwɔƒee nènye, alo ɖeko nèdi be yeanya alesi video siwo nèlɔ̃na wu la ɖoa wò screen dzi o, video codecs gɔmesese le vevie ŋutɔ le egbegbe dijitaal lãwo ƒe agbenɔnɔ ƒe ɖoɖoa me.
Nusita Video Codecs Le Vevie
Video codecs (compression/decompression algorithms) nyea video mama le dijitaal dzi ƒe megbeƒu, si wɔnɛ be woate ŋu adzra video deŋgɔ ɖo nyuie ahaɖoe ɖe network siwo ƒe bandwidth seɖoƒe li na dzi. Codec tiatia nyuitɔ ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe:
Faɛl ƒe Agbɔsɔsɔme
Egbegbe codecwo ate ŋu aɖe video ƒe faɛl ƒe lolome dzi akpɔtɔ va ɖo 50-80% ne wotsɔe sɔ kple nɔnɔme xoxowo esime wole nukpɔkpɔ ƒe nyonyome dzi kpɔm.
Nusiwo sɔ kple wo nɔewo
Mɔ̃ vovovowo kple mɔ̃ vovovowo doa alɔ codec vovovowo, si kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe afisi nàte ŋu akpɔ wò videowo le kple alesi nàkpɔ wo dzi.
Streaming ƒe Nyonyome
Codec siwo wɔa dɔ nyuie ɖea mɔ be woate ŋu awɔ streaming si ƒe nɔnɔme de ŋgɔ wu eye wòanyo wu le kadodo siwo ƒe didime seɖoƒe li na gɔ̃ hã me.
Ŋusẽzazã
Codec aɖewo hiãa dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ŋusẽ geɖe wu hafi woate ŋu aɖe wo gɔme, si kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe asitelefonwo ƒe batri ƒe agbenɔƒe dzi tẽ.
Video ƒe nutete wɔa dɔ to nukpɔkpɔ ŋuti nyatakaka siwo mehiã o ɖeɖeɖa le mɔ siwo le mɔ nyuitɔ nu la, amegbetɔ ƒe ŋku mate ŋu ade dzesii o nu. Dɔ sia lɔ mɔnu vovovowo ɖe eme siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:
- Teƒe ƒe nutete: Redundancy dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ le frame ɖekaɖekawo me
- Ɣeyiɣi ƒe nutete: Vovototo siwo le frame siwo kplɔ wo nɔewo ɖo dome ɖeɖeko dzadzraɖo
- Entropy ƒe nuŋɔŋlɔ: Akɔntabubumɔnu zazã atsɔ atsi tre ɖi na nɔnɔme siwo bɔ nyuie wu
- Chroma ƒe kpɔɖeŋu suewo wɔwɔ: Amadede ŋuti nyatakaka siwo ŋu amegbetɔ ƒe ŋkuwo mesea veve boo o dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ
Esi míele codec vovovowo tsɔm sɔ kple wo nɔewo le mɔfiame sia katã me la, míadzro alesi wo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe wɔa aɖaŋu siawo ŋudɔe kple asitsatsa siwo dona tso eme le nukpɔkpɔ ƒe nyonyome, nutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie, kple akɔntabubu ƒe nudidiwo dome.
Video Codecs Gãwo ƒe Kpɔɖeŋu
H.264 / AVC ƒe agbalẽ
H.264 (Advanced Video Coding) gakpɔtɔ nye video codec si wodoa alɔe wu le mɔ̃wo kple mɔ̃wo katã kloe dzi. ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group kple ISO/IEC MPEG ye toe vɛ, eye wònaa dadasɔ nyui aɖe le nutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie kple decoding ƒe sesẽ dome.
- Mɔ̃wo kple nyatakakadzraɖoƒewo katã kloe doa alɔe
- Hardware acceleration si bɔ ɖe afisiafi
- Dadasɔ nyui le nyonyome kple nutete me
- Akɔntabubu ƒe nudidi siwo bɔbɔ
H.265 / HEVC ƒe dɔwɔwɔ
H.265 (High Efficiency Video Coding) nye H.264 teƒenɔla, si naa nutete si nyo wu abe 50% ene le nyonyome ƒe ɖoɖo ma ke me. Ewɔa dɔ nyuie ŋutɔ na 4K kple HDR me nyawo, togbɔ be ebia dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ŋusẽ geɖe wu be woatsɔ awɔ encode kple decode hã.
- 50% ƒe nutete nyo wu H.264
- Enyo ŋutɔ na 4K kple HDR me nyawo
- Hardware ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu si le dzidzim ɖe edzi le mɔ̃ yeyewo me
- Kpekpeɖeŋu na 8K ƒe nyametsotso
VP9
Google ye to VP9 vɛ, eye wònye H.265 teƒe si womexɔa fetu o si ƒe nutete ƒe ŋutete ma tɔgbe. Wodo alɔe geɖe le nyatakakadzraɖoƒewo eye wòzu codec si wozãna ɖaa na YouTube, si naa nutete si nyo wu H.264 ŋutɔ.
- Dzidzenu si woʋu ɖi si me woɖe mɔ ɖe nu ŋu le o
- Browser ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu nyui aɖe ŋutɔ
- Dɔwɔwɔ nyuie si sɔ kple H.265/HEVC tɔ
- YouTube kple nyatakakadzraɖoƒe bubuwo zãnɛ
AV1
AV1 nye video codec si le ʋuʋu ɖi si de ŋgɔ si Alliance for Open Media (AOMedia) to vɛ, si wowɔ be wòaxɔ ɖe VP9 teƒe eye wòaʋli ho kple HEVC. Enaa nutete si nyo wu abe 30% ene wu VP9 kple H.265/HEVC le ga home si nye encoding complexity si lolo ŋutɔ ta.
- Compression efficiency nyuitɔ kekeake si li fifia
- Royalty-free kple adzɔhawo ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu si keke ta
- Browser kple platform ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu si le dzidzim ɖe edzi
- Wole exɔm ɖe edzi le streaming dɔwɔƒe gãwo
Codec ƒe Nusɔsrɔ̃ ƒe Tabla
| Ŋutinu | H.264 (AVC) ƒe . | H.265 (HEVC) ƒe . | VP9 | AV1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Compression ƒe Dɔwɔwɔ Nyuie | Gɔmedzedze | ~50% nyo wu H.264 | ~50% nyo wu H.264 | ~30% nyo wu HEVC/VP9 |
| Encoding Duƒuƒu | Kabakaba | Blewu | Blewui ŋutɔ | Blewui ŋutɔ |
| Decoding Sesẽme | Bᴐbᴐ | Le vedome | Le vedome | Kɔ |
| Hardware ƒe Kpekpeɖeŋunana | Xexeame katã ƒe xexeame katã | Nyui (mɔ̃ yeyewo) . | Seɖoƒe li na | Nusiwo le dodom |
| Browser ƒe Kpekpeɖeŋunana | Browserwo katã | Seɖoƒe li na (Safari, Edge) . | Browser gãwo | Tsitsi (Chrome, Firefox, Nugbɔ) . |
| Asitelefon dzi Kpekpeɖeŋunana | Mɔ̃wo katã | Mɔ̃ yeye akpa gãtɔ | Android-dziɖuɖu ƒe susu | Seɖoƒe li na, si le ŋgɔ yim |
| Max ƒe Nyametsotso | 8K (womezãnɛ ƒã o) . | 8K | 8K | 8K+ |
| HDR ƒe Kpekpeɖeŋunana | Seɖoƒe li na | Enyo ŋutᴐ | Enyo | Enyo ŋutᴐ |
| Mɔɖegbalẽ nana | Adzɔnu ƒe gomenɔamesi ƒe fetu | Patent ƒe fetu (si lolo wu) . | Fiaɖuƒemaxɔmaxɔe | Fiaɖuƒemaxɔmaxɔe |
| Ƒe si Woɖe Ðe Go | 2003 | 2013 | 2013 | 2018 |
| Ŋgᴐyiyi | MPEG/ITU ƒe dɔwɔwɔ | MPEG/ITU ƒe dɔwɔwɔ | Nubabla si wowɔ na Nyadzɔdzɔgblɔmɔnuwo si Woʋu |
Ɖo ŋku edzi: Compression efficiency comparisons nye nusiwo woateŋu atsɔ asɔ kple wo nɔewo eye ateŋu ato vovo le emenyawo ƒe ƒomevi, encoding ƒe ɖoɖowo, kple dɔwɔwɔ nu. Zi geɖe la, viɖe ɖedzesi siwo AV1 kpɔna le dɔwɔwɔ nyuie me la va kple encoding complexity si lolo ŋutɔ, si wɔe be wòsɔ na nyatakaka siwo woatsɔ encode zi ɖeka eye woaƒo zi geɖe.
Video Codecs ƒe Nɔnɔmetɔtrɔ
Video codec mɔ̃ɖaŋununya trɔ ŋutɔ le ƒe bla naneawo me, eye dzidzime ɖesiaɖe he ŋgɔyiyi gãwo vɛ le nutete ƒe ŋutete kple nukpɔkpɔ ƒe nyonyome me. Nɔnɔmetɔtrɔ sia gɔmesese naa nya vevi aɖe si ƒo xlãe hena egbegbe tiatiawɔblɔɖewo me dzodzro kple mɔkpɔkpɔ na etsɔme ŋgɔyiyiwo.
MPEG-1 kple MPEG-2
Digitál video ƒe dzidzenu vevi gbãtɔ, MPEG-2, va zu gɔmeɖoanyi na DVD video kple dijitaal television dzi nyadzɔdzɔwo kaka. Codec gbãtɔ siawoe ɖo egbegbe videowo ƒe nutete ƒe mɔnu veviwo anyi.
H.264/AVC ƒe agbalẽ
H.264 nye video ƒe nutete ɖedzesi aɖe, eye wòna eƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyo ɖe edzi ŋutɔ wu MPEG-2, si na be woate ŋu awɔ HD video ƒe ʋuʋu kple Blu-ray diskwo. Egakpɔtɔ nye codec si dzi woda asi ɖo wu le xexeame katã le ƒe blaeve kloe megbe.
VP8
Google xɔ VP8 eye wòɖee ɖe go abe mɔnu bubu si le ʋuʋu ɖi na H.264 ene. Togbɔ be mete ŋu xɔe nenema gbeɖe o hã la, eɖo gɔmeɖoanyi na Google ƒe codec ƒe ŋgɔyiyi siwo wòwɔ emegbe kple codec ƒe habɔbɔ si me womexɔa fia le o.
H.265/HEVC kple VP9
Codec siawo siwo le ho ʋlim la do le ɣeyiɣi ɖeka me, wo ame evea siaa na nutete si nyo wu H.264 abe 50% ene. HEVC lé fɔ ɖe nyadzɔdzɔwo kaka kple dɔnyala ƒe dɔwɔɖoɖowo ŋu esime VP9 kpɔ eƒe nɔƒe le web video me.
AV1
AV1 si Alliance for Open Media (si me Google, Mozilla, Netflix, Amazon hã le) to vɛ, eye wòƒoa VP9 kple dodokpɔ ƒe codec bubuwo ƒe akpa nyuitɔwo nu ƒu tsɔ wɔa dzidzenu si me womexɔa fetu le o si ƒe nutete ƒe ŋutete deŋgɔ.
H.266/VVC ƒe agbalẽ
Versatile Video Coding (VVC) nye HEVC teƒenɔla, si naa nutete si nyo wu HEVC/H.265 abe 50% ene. Eƒe taɖodzinu koŋue nye 8K ƒe nɔnɔme, HDR me nyawo, kple video ƒe streaming dɔwɔɖoɖo deŋgɔwo.
AV2 & AI-siwo wotu ɖe Codecs dzi
Anɔ eme be codec ƒe dzidzime si gbɔna la ade mɔ̃ɖaŋununya sɔsrɔ̃ kple ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe kadodowo me be woakpɔ nutete ƒe ŋutete si lolo wu gɔ̃ hã, eye wole ŋgɔyiyi wɔm xoxo le AV1 si ava xɔ ɖe eteƒe la ŋu.
Nu Vevi Siwo Dona le Codec ƒe Nɔnɔmetɔtrɔ Me
Kpɔɖeŋu geɖe siwo me kɔ va do esime video codec mɔ̃ɖaŋununya le ŋgɔ yim:
Viɖe Siwo Wokpɔna Le Dɔwɔwɔ Nyuie Me
Zi geɖe la, dzidzime yeye ɖesiaɖe naa bitrate dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ 30-50% na nɔnɔme ma ke ne wotsɔe sɔ kple esi do ŋgɔ nɛ.
Nusiwo Sesẽna ƒe Dzidziɖedzi
Encoding ƒe sesẽ dzina ɖe edzi ŋutɔ le dzidzime ɖesiaɖe me, si bia akɔntabubumɔnu geɖe wu.
Ʋuʋu vs. Nutɔnyenye
Masɔmasɔ si le dzidzenu siwo ŋu woɖe mɔ ɖo (H.264/H.265) kple esiwo ŋu womexɔa fetu le o (VP9/AV1) domee trɔ asi le anyigba ƒe nɔnɔme ŋu.
AI ƒe Ðekawɔwɔ
Wole mɔ̃ɖaŋunusɔsrɔ̃ dem codec yeyewo me hena nyametsotso siwo me nunya le wu le nutete ŋu.
Zã Nyawo Kple Kafukafunyawo
Videodɔwɔɖoɖo vovovowo ƒe nudidi tɔxɛwo le wo si, eye codec tiatia nyuitɔ nɔ te ɖe wò zazã ƒe nɔnɔme tɔxɛ dzi. Míaƒe numekuku le codec siwo nyo wu le nɔnɔme vovovowo me ŋue nye esi, eye míebu woƒe sɔsɔ, nyonyome, kple dɔwɔwɔ nyuie ŋu bubu ŋu.
Nyatakakadzraɖoƒe ƒe Videowo Ƒe Dɔwɔnawo
Le video-mɔ̃ siwo wotu ɖe nyatakakadzraɖoƒe dzi gome la, ele be codec tiatia nada asɔ le nutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie kple web-browser ƒe ɖekawɔwɔ si keke ta me. Codec tiatia geɖewo zazã to tɔtrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu me nye mɔnu si wokafu.
H.264 VP9 AV1Asitelefon dzi Video
Asitelefonwo ƒe bandwidth kple dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ŋusẽ seɖoƒe li na. Hardware-accelerated decoding le vevie ŋutɔ na batri ƒe agbenɔƒe, si wɔe be codec siwo ŋu ame geɖe doa alɔe la nyo wu togbɔ be compression trade-offs li hã.
H.264 H.2654K/HDR ƒe Nyatakakawo
Nusiwo ƒe lolome deŋgɔ, siwo ƒe didime de ŋgɔ bia codec siwo ƒe nutete ƒe ŋutete deŋgɔ be woana faɛl ƒe lolome kple bandwidth ƒe nudidiwo nate ŋu akpɔ wo dzi esime wole nukpɔkpɔ ƒe nyonyome ta kpɔm.
H.265 VP9 AV1Videowo Wɔwɔ
Le videowo ɖɔɖɔɖo kple wo wɔwɔ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ gome la, ele be codecwo nada asɔ le woƒe nyonyome, wo ɖɔɖɔɖo xɔlɔ̃wɔwɔ, kple akɔntabubu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie me. Dɔnyala geɖe zãa nuwɔwɔ ƒe codec tɔxɛwo hafi tsɔa wo yina mlɔeba.
ProRes DNxHD ƒe dɔwɔwɔ H.264 (bitrate si lolo) .Television si Woɖena Ðe Go
Nudidi tɔxɛ aɖewo le nyadzɔdzɔgblɔmɔnuwo si be woaka ɖe edzi, woƒe nyonyome, eye woawɔ ɖeka kple xɔtuɖaŋu siwo li fifia. Zi geɖe la, dɔwɔƒewo ƒe dzidzenuwo kple ɖoɖowoe gblɔa codec tiatia.
MPEG-2 H.264 H.265Fefewo ƒe Streaming
Alilikpo me fefewo kple fefewo ƒe streaming dɔwɔƒewo hiã codecs siwo naa ɣeyiɣi si me ɣeyiɣi mede o, encoding kabakaba, eye woate ŋu anɔ te ɖe nyatakaka sesẽ siwo le tɔtrɔm kabakaba nu kple asinudɔwɔwɔ sue aɖe ko.
H.264 H.265 AV1Bandwidth si le bɔbɔe
Le nɔnɔme siwo me bandwidth ƒe seɖoƒe sesẽwo le, abe asitelefon network siwo le kɔƒenutowo me ene gome la, codec siwo wɔa dɔ nyuie wu naa quality-to-bitrate ratio nyuitɔ kekeake togbɔ be encoding sesẽ wu hã.
AV1 H.265Dedienɔnɔ Ŋuti Fotoɖemɔ̃wo
Ele be ŋkuléleɖenuŋu ƒe ɖoɖowo nada asɔ le nuŋlɔɖi wɔwɔ atraɖii kple nudzraɖoƒe ƒe seɖoƒewo me, eye zi geɖe la, woatsɔ nudzraɖoƒe nyui si anɔ anyi ɣeyiɣi didi aɖo nɔƒe gbãtɔ wu nukpɔkpɔ ƒe nyonyome blibo.
H.264 H.265Nudzraɖoƒe ƒe Nudzraɖoƒe
Be woakpɔ eta ɣeyiɣi didi la, ele be codecs nada asɔ le compression ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie kple etsɔme-proofing kple decoder ƒe anyinɔnɔ me. Dɔdamɔnu aɖewo zãa codec siwo me bu aɖeke mele o be woaƒo asa na nyonyome ƒe gbegblẽ.
H.265 FFV1 (nusiwo mebu o) . ProResƔekaɣie Nàzã Codec Yeyewo
- Ne nudzraɖoƒe alo bandwidth dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ
- Na nyatakaka siwo woawɔ encode zi ɖeka gake woaƒo zi geɖe
- Ne wole taɖodzinu ɖom ɖe mɔ̃ tɔxɛ aɖewo ŋu kple codec ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu si wonya
- Na high-resolution (4K/8K) kple high dynamic range content
- Ne encoding ɣeyiɣi menye nu vevi aɖeke o
Ɣekaɣie Nànɔ H.264 gbɔ
- Ne ehiã be mɔ̃a kple mɔ̃a nawɔ ɖeka nyuie wu
- Na live encoding scenarios kple kɔmpiuta dɔwɔnu siwo seɖoƒe li na
- Ne encoding speed le vevie wu file ƒe lolome
- Na nyatakaka siwo ƒe mama seɖoƒe li na alo woƒe agbenɔƒe le kpuie
- Ne èle taɖodzinu ɖom na mɔ̃ xoxo siwo me hardware acceleration mele o na codec yeyewo
Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe Deep Dive
Le amesiwo tsɔ ɖe le egbegbe video codec ƒe mɔnu siwo le ete gome la, akpa sia ku mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe gɔmeɖoanyi kple nu yeye siwo nana woate ŋu aƒo nu nyuie esime woléa nukpɔkpɔ ƒe nyonyome me ɖe asi la me.
Mɔnu Veviwo Ƒe Nutete Le Egbegbe Codecs Me
Video ƒe nutete nɔ te ɖe aɖaŋu vevi geɖe siwo trɔ ŋutɔ le codec dzidzimewo me dzi. Gɔmeɖose vevi siawo gɔmesese kpena ɖe mía ŋu míeɖea dɔwɔwɔ nyuie ƒe vovototo siwo le codecwo dome la me:
Teƒe ƒe Nutete (Intra-frame) .
Egbegbe codecwo katã tsɔa transform coding ƒoa frame ɖekaɖekawo nu ƒu, zi geɖe la, Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) ƒe tɔtrɔwo nɔa wo ŋu. Dɔwɔwɔ sia trɔa teƒe ƒe piksel nyatakakawo wozua frequency coefficients, si wɔnɛ be woate ŋu adzra nyatakaka siwo womekpɔna boo o ɖo kple bit ʋɛ aɖewo.
- H.264 zãa 4×4 kple 8×8 DCT ƒe tɔtrɔwo
- H.265 kekena ɖe enu wòzua tɔtrɔ gãwo (va ɖo 32×32) hena teƒe siwo woŋlɔ tsitotsito ƒe nutete nyuie wu
- VP9 zãa tɔtrɔ tso 4×4 va ɖo 32×32
- AV1 tsɔa tɔtrɔ siwo menye dzogoe ene me tɔ o kpena ɖe eŋu eye ate ŋu azã tɔtrɔ siwo ade 64×64, si ana woate ŋu atrɔ ɖe emenyawo ŋu nyuie wu
Ɣeyiɣi ƒe Nutete (Inter-frame) .
Viɖe gãtɔ kekeake siwo dona tso nutete me tso nusiwo ɖi wo nɔewo le nɔnɔmetata siwo kplɔ wo nɔewo ɖo dome zazã me. Le esi teƒe be codecwo nadzra frame ɖesiaɖe ɖo keŋkeŋ la, wodzraa ʋuʋu ƒe vektorwo kple vovototo susɔeawo ɖo:
- H.264 zãa block ƒe lolome siwo trɔna tso 16×16 va ɖo 4×4 hena ʋuʋu ƒe fexexe
- H.265 to mama si te ŋu trɔna bɔbɔe wu vɛ kple Coding Tree Units (CTUs) vaseɖe 64×64, si woateŋu ama gbugbɔgawɔ ɖe ati ene ƒe wɔwɔme me
- VP9 doa alɔ ɖoɖo si sɔ ɖe ɖoɖo nu si nye block mama ƒe ɖoɖo si me “superblocks” si ade 64×64 le
- AV1 tsɔa mama ƒe tiatia geɖe wu kpena ɖe eŋu siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye asymmetric splits kple compound prediction modes
Mɔnu Siwo Wozãna Gblɔe
Nyagblɔɖimɔnu deŋgɔwo kpena ɖe codec-wo ŋu wokpɔa nusiwo le eme do ŋgɔ evɔ womedzraa wo ɖo tẽ o:
- Nyagblɔɖi le eme: Egblɔa blocks ɖi tso piksel siwo te ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu siwo woɖe xoxo le frame ɖeka me
- Nyagblɔɖi le wo nɔewo dome: Egblɔa blocks ɖi tso frame siwo woɖe decode va yi me
- Nyagblɔɖi si tso mɔ eve dzi: Egblɔa nya ɖi to nɔnɔmetata siwo va yi kple esiwo ava va siaa zazã me
Codec yeyewo to nyagblɔɖimɔnu deŋgɔwo vɛ, eye AV1 naa nyagblɔɖi ƒe mɔnu 56 le eme ne wotsɔe sɔ kple H.264 ƒe 9 kple HEVC ƒe 35.
Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya Ŋuti Nugɔmesese: Viɖe ɖedzesi siwo wokpɔna le dɔwɔwɔ nyuie me le egbegbe codecs me ƒe akpa gãtɔ tso mama kple nyagblɔɖi ƒe ɖoɖo deŋgɔwo gbɔ tsɔ wu be woatso nutete ƒe gɔmeɖose yeye veviwo gbɔ. Ŋgɔyiyi siawo na codec-wo te ŋu trɔna ɖe nyatakaka ƒomevi vovovowo ŋu nyuie wu, tso nukpɔkpɔ siwo le ʋuʋum kabakaba dzi va ɖo megbenya siwo meʋãna o siwo me nyatakaka nyuiwo le dzi.
Nya Siwo Wobia Enuenu
Nukae nye video codec si sɔ wu le xexeame katã?
H.264 (AVC) gakpɔtɔ nye video codec si sɔ wu le xexeame katã, si egbegbe mɔ̃wo, web-browser, kple mɔ̃ siwo wowɔ le ƒe 15+ siwo va yi me la katã kloe doa alɔe. Enye tiatia si le dedie ne ehiã be wò nyatakakawo nate ŋu aƒo le afisiafi evɔ mahiã be woawɔ nɔnɔme vovovowo ƒe tɔtrɔwo o.
Codec kae naa nyonyome kple lolome ƒe sɔsɔme nyuitɔ kekeake?
Fifia AV1 naa nutete ƒe ŋutete nyuitɔ kekeake (nyonyo kple lolome ƒe sɔsɔme) le codec siwo wozãna le asitsatsa me dome, eye wòkpɔa nutete nyuitɔ si ade 30% wu H.265/HEVC kple VP9 le nukpɔkpɔ ƒe nyonyome ɖeka ma ke me. Gake esia va le esi wògblẽa nu le encoding ƒe sesẽme si lolo ŋutɔ kple hardware ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu si seɖoƒe li na wu ta. Le dɔwɔwɔ ŋutɔŋutɔ geɖe gome la, H.265/HEVC kple VP9 naa dɔwɔwɔ nyuie kple dɔwɔwɔ ƒe dadasɔ nyui aɖe.
Aleke mawɔ atia H.265/HEVC kple VP9 dometɔ ɖeka?
H.265/HEVC kple VP9 naa nutete ƒe ŋutete ma tɔgbe (anɔ abe 50% ene nyo wu H.264), gake woto vovo le mɔɖegbalẽ nana kple lãwo ƒe agbenɔnɔ ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu me. Tia H.265/HEVC ne èle taɖodzinu ɖom ɖe Apple ƒe dɔwɔnuwo, smart TVwo, kple video ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖo siwo nye dɔnyala bibiwo ŋu le afisiwo xɔtunuwo ƒe ablaɖeɖe le vevie le. Tia VP9 na nyatakaka siwo wotu ɖe nyatakakadzraɖoƒe dzi, YouTube ƒe nyonyome, kple ne ƒoƒo asa na gomenɔamesi ƒe fetu nye nu vevitɔ. Streming platform gã geɖe naa nyatakakawo le nɔnɔme eveawo siaa me to adaptive streaming dzi.
Ðe AV1 sɔ na zazã vevitɔa?
AV1 le klalo geɖe wu na zazã veviwo le nɔnɔme tɔxɛ aɖewo me, togbɔ be womewɔ dɔ le xexeame katã haɖe abe H.264 ene o hã. Fifia la, dɔwɔƒe gãwo abe YouTube, Netflix, kple Facebook zãa AV1 na nyatakaka tiatia aɖewo, vevietɔ na nɔnɔme siwo me bandwidth-sesẽ le. Browser ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu nyo (Chrome, Firefox, Edge), eye hardware ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu le kekem ɖe enu le mɔ̃ yeyewo me. Gake encoding gakpɔtɔ nye akɔntabubu sesẽ, si wɔe be wòsɔ nyuie wu na nyatakaka siwo woatsɔ encode zi ɖeka gake woaƒo zi geɖe, alo na nɔnɔme siwo me bandwidth ƒe gazazã dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ sɔ gbɔ wu encoding ƒe gazazãwo.
Ke YouTube ya ɖe? Codec kae wòle be mazã na nyatakakawo ɖoɖo ɖe Internet dzi?
Le YouTube ƒe nyatakakawo ɖoɖo ɖe Internet dzi gome la, lé fɔ ɖe dzɔtsoƒe faɛl si le nyonyome nyuitɔ kekeake nana ŋu tsɔ wu be nàtsɔ codec tɔxɛ aɖe awɔe wòanyo wu do ŋgɔ. YouTube trɔa nusiwo katã woda ɖe Internet dzi la ɖe nɔnɔme vovovowo me (H.264, VP9, kple AV1 si le dzidzim ɖe edzi) hena ƒoƒo ƒe nɔnɔme vovovowo. Ne èdi be yeakpɔ nu nyuitɔ la, dae ɖe H.264 me kple bitrate si lolo alo ProRes ne ele. YouTube kafui be nàlé wò gbãtɔ ƒe frame rate kple resolution me ɖe asi vaseɖe 8K, nàna woƒe system nakpɔ optimization na ƒoƒo ƒe mɔ̃ vovovowo kple kadodo ƒe duƒuƒu gbɔ.
Ðe video codec vovovowo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe CPU/GPU zazã dzi le eƒoƒo mea?
Ẽ, eɖe dzesi ŋutɔ. Zi geɖe la, codec yeye siwo wɔa dɔ nyuie wu hiãa dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ŋusẽ geɖe hafi woate ŋu aɖe wo gɔme negbe ɖe hardware ƒe ablaɖeɖe li hafi. H.264 decoding nye hardware-si le kabakaba le egbegbe mɔ̃wo katã kloe dzi, si wɔe be wòzãa ŋusẽ geɖe ŋutɔ. H.265/HEVC kple VP9 ƒe xɔtunuwo ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu nyui le wo si gake menye xexeame katã tɔ o, vevietɔ le mɔ̃ yeyewo dzi. AV1 hardware decoding gakpɔtɔ le dodom gake ele dzidzim ɖe edzi le GPU yeyewo kple asitelefon dzi dɔwɔwɔwo dzi. Kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo tsɔ ɖea codec deŋgɔwo gɔme ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe asitelefonwo ƒe batri ƒe agbenɔƒe dzi vevie eye ate ŋu ahe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe kuxiwo vɛ le kɔmpiuta xoxowo dzi.
Vovototo kae le codec kple container format dome?
Codec (abe H.264, H.265, VP9 ene) nye mɔnu si ƒoa video ƒe nyatakakawo nu ƒu heɖea wo ɖa, gake nugoe ƒe nɔnɔme (abe MP4, MKV, WebM ene) nye agbalẽ xatsaxatsa si léa video, odio, nya siwo le ete, kple metadata siwo woƒo ɖe enu la ɖe te. Bu codec ŋu be enye mɔnu si dzi woato abla emenyawo, evɔ nugoe ya nye aɖaka si me wobla wo ɖo. Nugoe lae fiaa alesi wòawɔ ɖeka kple fefewɔla kple mɔ̃ aɖewo, gake codec yae afia alesi nutetea wɔa dɔ nyuie kple eƒe nyonyome.
Ke VVC/H.266 kple codec bubu siwo ava va ya ɖe?
Versatile Video Coding (VVC/H.266) nye dzidzime si gbɔna ƒe codec tso MPEG/ITU ƒuƒoƒoawo me, si do ŋugbe be woawɔ nutete nyuie wu abe 50% ene wu HEVC/H.265. Togbɔ be wowu dzidzenua nu le ƒe 2020 me hã la, exɔse le afisiafi axɔ ƒe geɖe esime mɔ̃ɖaŋunu kple kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu le ŋgɔ yim. Nenema ke Alliance for Open Media hã le dɔ wɔm tso AV2, si ava xɔ ɖe AV1 teƒe la ŋu. Codec siawo siwo nye dzidzime si gbɔna la koŋue le 8K video, virtual reality, kple dɔwɔnu siwo ƒe bandwidth sesẽ ŋutɔ la ŋu bum. Le dɔwɔɖoɖo siwo li fifia ƒe akpa gãtɔ gome la, susu tsɔtsɔ ɖe codec siwo wozã bliboe (H.264, HEVC, VP9, kple AV1 si le dzidzim ɖe edzi) ŋu gakpɔtɔ nye mɔnu si woate ŋu azã.
Tia Codec Si Sɔ Na Wò Video Hiahiãwo
Eɖanye nyatakakawo le tsatsam, videowo wɔm, alo dɔwɔnuwo wɔm o, codec si sɔ tiatia ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe woƒe nyonyome, woƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖekae, kple woƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie dzi. Zã míaƒe tsɔtsɔ sɔ kple wo nɔewo bliboe nàtsɔ awɔ nyametsotso siwo ŋu wonya nu tsoe le wò zazã ƒe nɔnɔme tɔxɛa ŋu.