Wideyo Codec Comparation Guide dafalen
Bi wideyow kodɔnw sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛɛ lajɛlen minnu bɛ H.264/AVC, H.265/HEVC, VP9, AV1, ani fɛn wɛrɛw la. Kodeki dafalen ɲini i ka streaming, production walima archiving magow kama.
Tablo kɔnɔkow
- Wideyo Kodekiw daminɛcogo
Aw ye wideyow sɛgɛsɛgɛli jɔnjɔnw dɔn ani mun na codecs nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ streaming ni storage la.
- Wideyo Kodeki belebelebaw Lajɛ
H.264/AVC, H.265/HEVC, VP9, AV1, ani wideyow codec nafama wɛrɛw sɛgɛsɛgɛli caman.
- Tablo de comparaison de codec
Kɛrɛfɛ-kɛrɛfɛ fɛɛrɛko sumanikɛlan deguncogo ɲuman, a jogo ɲuman ani a bɛnkan.
- Wideyo Kodekiw ka jiginni
Tariku yiriwali ni fɛɛrɛ kuraw videyo compression fɛɛrɛbɔ la.
- Baara kɛ ni Kow ni Ladilikanw ye
Kodeki jumɛn bɛ baara kɛ ka ɲɛ streaming, production, archiving ani ko kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen wɛrɛw la.
- Tekniki Deep Dive
Fɛɛrɛko sɛgɛsɛgɛli ɲɛtaa kodeki kɔnɔnakow, bitrate baarakɛcogo ɲuman, ani kodɔn fɛɛrɛw.
- Ɲininkali minnu bɛ kɛ tuma caman na
Ɲininkali minnu bɛ kɛ tuma caman na, olu jaabiw videyo codec sugandili, a bɛnkan ani a baarakɛcogo kan.
Wideyo Kodekiw daminɛcogo
Wideyo kodekiw ye wideyow nizɛri fɛɛrɛbɔ jɔnjɔn ye, minnu bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka wideyow kɔnɔkow mara ani k’u ci ka ɲɛ, ka tɛmɛn sigida ni minɛn suguya caman kan. Nin gafe in kɔnɔ, an bɛna wideyow kodɔn nafamabaw sɛgɛsɛgɛ minnu bɛ sɔrɔ bi, k’u fanga n’u barikantanya suma ɲɔgɔn na, ani k’i dɛmɛ ka kodeki ɲuman sugandi i mago kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw kama.
I mana kɛ kɔnɔkow dabɔbaga ye, i mana kɛ streaming service dilanbaga ye wo, walima i b’a fɛ dɔrɔn k’a dɔn i ka wideyow kanulenw bɛ se i ka ɛkran ma cogo min na, wideyow codecs faamuyali nafa ka bon bi nizɛri ekosisɛti kɔnɔ.
Mun na Wideyo Kodecw nafa ka bon
Wideyo kodekiw (compression/decompression algorithms) bɛ kɛ wideyow tilatilali nizɛri kɔkanna ye, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka wideyo ɲumanw mara ka ɲɛ ani ka ci rezow kɔnɔ minnu ka bandwidth danma don. Kodeki sugandili ɲuman bɛ se ka nɔba bila:
Filen Size (Fayida hakɛ).
Bi codecw bɛ se ka videyo filew hakɛ dɔgɔya fo ka se 50-80% ma ni i y’a suma ni cogoya kɔrɔw ye k’a sɔrɔ u bɛ yecogo ɲuman mara.
Bɛnbaliya
Minɛnw ni plateforme suguya wɛrɛw bɛ codec suguya wɛrɛw dɛmɛ, o bɛ nɔ bila i ka wideyow lajɛyɔrɔ la ani cogo min na.
Streaming ka jogo ɲuman
Kodeki nafamaw bɛ sira di ka ɲɛfɔli kɛ ka ɲɛ ani ka se ka fɛnw lajɛ minnu ka ɲi hali ni u bɛ se ka kɛ ni bandwidth danmadɔw ye.
Seko ni dɔnko Taamacogo
Kodekɛ dɔw bɛ baarakɛcogo fanga caman de wajibiya walasa ka dekodɔn, o bɛ nɔ bila batiri ɲɛnamaya la telefɔni selilɛriw kan.
Wideyo sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ baara kɛ ni yecogo kunnafoniw bɔli ye minnu tɛ foyi ɲɛ, cogo la min ka fisa, hadamaden ɲɛ tɛ se ka minnu ye. O wale in bɛ Kɛ ni fɛɛrɛ suguya caman ye i n’a fɔ:
- Yɔrɔko gɛlɛya (compression spatial).: Ka dɔ bɔ redundance (baarakɛbaliya) la karamɔgɔ kelen-kelen bɛɛ kɔnɔ
- Waati kɔnɔna na, degun: Danfara minnu bɛ karamɔgɔya tugu-tugulenw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, olu dɔrɔn marali
- Entropie kodɔnni: Ka baara kɛ ni jatebɔ fɛɛrɛw ye walasa ka misaliw jira minnu bɛ kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ ka ɲɛ
- Chroma subsampling (sɛgɛsɛgɛli min bɛ kɛ ni chroma) ye: Kulɛri kunnafoniw dɔgɔyali, hadamaden ɲɛw tɛ minnu dɔn kosɛbɛ
Ni an bɛ kodɔn suguya caman suma ɲɔgɔn na nin gafe in kɔnɔna bɛɛ la, an bɛna a lajɛ u kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ nin fɛɛrɛ ninnu waleya cogo min na ani jagokɛcogo minnu bɛ sɔrɔ o la yecogo ɲuman, sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo ɲuman ani jatebɔ wajibiyalenw cɛ.
Wideyo Kodeki belebelebaw Lajɛ
H.264 / AVC ye
H.264 (Advanced Video Coding) tora wideyo codec ye min bɛ dɛmɛ kosɛbɛ minɛnw ni plateformew bɛɛ kɔnɔ. ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group ni ISO/IEC MPEG ye a dabɔ, a bɛ balansi ɲuman di compression baarakɛcogo ɲuman ni decoding gɛlɛya cɛ.
- A bɛ Dɛmɛ ni minɛnw ni navigatɔrɔw bɛɛ ye
- Hardware acceleration bɛ sɔrɔ yɔrɔ caman na
- Balance ɲuman min bɛ kɛ ni jogo ni degun ye
- Jateblaw wajibiyalenw ka dɔgɔ
H.265 / HEVC ye baara kɛ
H.265 (High Efficiency Video Coding) ye H.264 nɔnabila ye, a bɛ 50% ɲɔgɔnna degun ɲuman di o jogo hakɛ kelen na. A bɛ nafa sɔrɔ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la 4K ni HDR kɔnɔkow la, hali n’a bɛ baarakɛcogo fanga caman de wajibiya walasa ka kodɔn ani ka dekodɔn.
- 50% ka fisa ni H.264 ye
- A ka ɲi kosɛbɛ 4K ni HDR kɔnɔkow la
- Hardware dɛmɛni min bɛ ka bonya minɛn kuraw kɔnɔ
- Dɛmɛ don 8K ɲɛnabɔli la
VP9 ye
Google de y’a dabɔ, VP9 ye H.265 nɔnabila ye min tɛ sara, n’a ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo bɛ tali kɛ ɲɔgɔn na. A bɛ dɛmɛ kosɛbɛ ɛntɛrinɛti-navigatɛriw la wa a kɛra YouTube ka codec standard ye, a bɛ compression (daɲɛw sɛgɛsɛgɛli) ɲuman di kosɛbɛ ka tɛmɛ H.264 kan.
- Royalty-free da wulilen sariya
- Navigatɛri dɛmɛni ɲumanba
- A ka baarakɛcogo bɛ tali kɛ H.265/HEVC la
- YouTube ni ɛntɛrinɛti yɔrɔ wɛrɛw bɛ baara kɛ ni a ye
AV1
AV1 ye wideyo da wulilen codec tigɛlen ye min dilannen don Alliance for Open Media (AOMedia) fɛ, min dabɔra ka VP9 nɔ bila ani ka se ka ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ ni HEVC ye. A bɛ 30% ɲɔgɔn degun ka fisa ni VP9 ni H.265/HEVC ye ni kodɔn gɛlɛya ka bon kosɛbɛ.
- Compression efficiency ɲuman min bɛ sɔrɔ sisan
- Royalty-free ni izini dɛmɛniba ye
- Navigatɛri ni plateforme dɛmɛni min bɛ ka bonya
- A bɛ ka caya ka taa a fɛ streaming baarakɛyɔrɔbaw fɛ
Tablo de comparaison de codec
| Suguya | H.264 (AVC) ye. | H.265 (HEVC) ye. | VP9 ye | AV1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Compression Efficiency (Dɔgɔtɔrɔso ka baarakɛcogo ɲuman). | Basi daminɛ | ~50% ka fisa ni H.264 ye | ~50% ka fisa ni H.264 ye | ~30% ka fisa ni HEVC/VP9 ye |
| Kodeli Teliya | Teliman | Suma | A bɛ kɛ dɔɔnin dɔɔnin kosɛbɛ | A bɛ kɛ dɔɔnin dɔɔnin kosɛbɛ |
| Decodage (Decodage) ka gɛlɛya | Fɛ́gɛn | Hakɛ | Hakɛ | Jamanjan |
| Hardware Dɛmɛ | Universel (dugukolo bɛɛ lajɛlen). | Koɲuman (minɛn kura) . | Dantigɛlen don | Ka bɔ kɛnɛ kan |
| Navigatɛri Dɛmɛ | Navigatɛriw bɛɛ | Dantigɛlen (Safari, Edge) . | Navigatɛri belebelebaw | Ka bonya (Chrome, Firefox, Edge) |
| Mobile Dɛmɛ | Minɛnw bɛɛ | Minɛn kura fanba | A ɲɛsinnen bɛ Android ma | Dan, a bɛ ka ɲɛtaa sɔrɔ |
| Max Resolution (Max Resolution) ye | 8K (a man teli ka kɛ) . | 8K | 8K | 8K+ |
| HDR Dɛmɛn | Dantigɛlen don | Ɲuman ɲuman | Duman | Ɲuman ɲuman |
| Lasegin-ka-bɔnye | Patentiw ka wari sarataw | Patent royalties (ka caya) . | Royalty-free (Masala-falen-falen-falen-falen-falen). | Royalty-free (Masala-falen-falen-falen-falen-falen). |
| San min Bɔra | 2003 | 2013 | 2013 | 2018 |
| Yiriwali | MPEG/ITU ye | MPEG/ITU ye | Gugɔli | Alliance for Open Media ye |
Nɔti: Compression efficiency comparisons ye jateminɛ ye, wa u bɛ se ka ɲɔgɔn ta ka kɛɲɛ ni kɔnɔkow suguya ye, kodɔn sigicogo ani waleyali. AV1 ka nafa sɔrɔli nafamaw bɛ na ni kodɔn gɛlɛya ye min ka bon kosɛbɛ, o b’a to a bɛnnen don kosɛbɛ kɔnɔkow ma minnu bɛna kodɔn siɲɛ kelen ani ka tulon kɛ siɲɛ caman.
Wideyo Kodekiw ka jiginni
Wideyo codec fɛɛrɛ yiriwara kosɛbɛ san tan caman kɔnɔ, ni mɔgɔw bɔnsɔn kelen-kelen bɛɛ nana ni ɲɛtaa caman ye degun kɛcogo ɲuman na ani yecogo ɲuman na. Nin jiginni in faamuyali bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka sigida nafama di bi sugandiliw jateminɛni ma ani ka ɲɛtaa nataw makɔnɔ.
MPEG-1 ani MPEG-2 ye
Wideyo nizɛri sariyasunba fɔlɔ, MPEG-2 kɛra DVD wideyow ni telewisɔn nizɛri laseli jusigilan ye. O codec fɔlɔw ye bi wideyow sɛgɛsɛgɛli fɛɛrɛ jɔnjɔnw sigi sen kan.
H.264/AVC ye baara kɛ
Wideyow sɛgɛsɛgɛli la, H.264 ye baarakɛcogo ɲumanba di ka tɛmɛ MPEG-2 kan, ka se ka wideyow lasecogo HD ni Blu-ray disikiw kɛ. A tora kodɔn ye min bɛ dɛmɛ sɔrɔ diɲɛ bɛɛ fɛ kosɛbɛ san tan fila ɲɔgɔn o kɔfɛ.
VP8 ye
Google ye VP8 sɔrɔ k’a bɔ kɛnɛ kan k’a kɛ H.264 nɔnabila dafalen ye. Hali n’a ma se ka o taabolo kelen in Sɔrɔ abada, a ye basigi Da Google ka kɔdɛsɛ yiriwaliw kan kɔfɛ ani kodɔn-tɔn min tɛ masaya ye.
H.265/HEVC ani VP9
O kodeki minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn sɔsɔ, olu bɔra waati kelen na, u fila bɛɛ bɛ 50% ɲɔgɔn degun ka fisa ni H.264 ye. HEVC y’a sinsin kunnafonidilanw ni baarakɛlaw ka baarakɛminɛnw kan k’a sɔrɔ VP9 y’a ka yɔrɔ sɔrɔ ɛntɛrinɛti wideyow la.
AV1
Alliance for Open Media (Google, Mozilla, Netflix, Amazon fana b’a la) ye min dabɔ, AV1 bɛ VP9 ni kodeki kɔrɔbɔli wɛrɛw ka fɛn ɲumanw fara ɲɔgɔn kan walasa ka sariya dɔ dilan min tɛ sara ye ni sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo ɲuman ye.
H.266/VVC ye
Versatile Video Coding (VVC) ye HEVC nɔnabila ye, a bɛ 50% ɲɔgɔn degun ka fisa ni HEVC/H.265 ye. A ɲɛsinnen bɛ fɔlɔ 8K ɲɛfɔli, HDR kɔnɔkow, ani wideyow lasecogo ɲumanw ma.
AV2 & AI-based Codecs
A ka c’a la, kodekɛw bɔnsɔn nataw bɛna masin kalanni ni hakili-la-yɔrɔw don a kɔnɔ walasa ka se ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo ɲumanba sɔrɔ ka tɛmɛn fɔlɔ kan, ni yiriwali bɛ senna kaban AV1 nɔnabila kan.
Kodeki sɛnɛcogo jɔnjɔnw
Misali jɛlen damadɔ bɔra kɛnɛ kan, k’a sababu kɛ wideyow codec fɛɛrɛ yiriwara:
Nafa sɔrɔli baarakɛcogo ɲuman na
A ka c’a la, bɔnsɔn kura kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ 30-50% bitrate dɔgɔyali Di o jogo kelen na n’i y’a suma n’a ɲɛfɛta ye.
Gɛlɛya ka bonya
Kodeli gɛlɛya bɛ bonya kosɛbɛ ni mɔgɔw bɔnsɔn kelen-kelen bɛɛ ye, o bɛ jatebɔ nafolo caman de wajibiya.
Da wulilen ni Propriété (Jɛkulu) ye
Jatigɛ min bɛ sariyasunw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ minnu bɛ ni patɔrɔnw ye (H.264/H.265) ani sariya wɛrɛw minnu tɛ sara (VP9/AV1) ye, o de ye dugukolo cogoya dilan.
AI Intégration (AI ka ɲɔgɔndɛmɛ).
Masina kalan bɛ ka don codec kura kɔnɔ walasa ka desizɔnw ta minnu bɛ se ka kɛ ni hakilitigiya ye.
Baara kɛ ni Kow ni Ladilikanw ye
Wideyo porogaramu suguya caman bɛ ni wajibi kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ye, wa codec sugandili ɲuman bɛ bɔ i ka baarakɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen na. Nin ye an ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli ye min b’a jira ko codec minnu ka fisa ni tɔw ye ko suguya caman na, k’a jateminɛ ko bɛnkan, jogoɲumanya ani baarakɛcogo ɲuman jateminɛni.
Web Wideyow Lasegincogo
Wideyo-yɔrɔw kama minnu sinsinnen bɛ ɛntɛrinɛti kan, codec sugandili ka kan ka balansi don compression baarakɛcogo ɲuman ni navigatɔrɔn ka bɛnkanba la. Kodeki sugandilen caman bilali sen kan ni adaptive streaming ye, o ye fɛɛrɛ ɲuman ye.
H.264 VP9 ye AV1Wideyo mobili kɔnɔ
Telefɔni selilɛriw ka bandwidth ni baarakɛcogo fanga dan ye. Decoding teliya min bɛ kɛ ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ye, o nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ batiri ɲɛnamaya la, o b’a to codec minnu bɛ dɛmɛ kosɛbɛ, olu ka fisa hali ni compression trade-offs bɛ yen.
H.264 H.2654K/HDR kɔnɔkow
Kɔnɔkow minnu bɛ se ka ɲɛfɔ kosɛbɛ, minnu bɛ se ka wuli kosɛbɛ, olu bɛ codecw de wajibiya minnu ka compression efficiency ka fisa walasa ka dosiyew hakɛw ni bandwidth wajibiyalenw to u ka se ka ɲɛnabɔ ka sɔrɔ ka yecogo ɲuman mara.
H.265 VP9 ye AV1Wideyow dilanni
Wideyow labɛnni ni u dilanni baarakɛcogo kama, codecw ka kan ka balansi don u jogo ɲuman na, u ladilancogo ɲuman na ani u ka jatebɔ kɛcogo ɲuman na. Baarakɛla caman bɛ baara kɛ ni codec kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ye minnu bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw dilan sani u ka se ka u di laban.
ProRes ye baara kɛ DNxHD ye H.264 (bitrate ka bon) .Telewisɔn min bɛ bɔ kɛnɛ kan
Laseli kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw bɛ ni wajibi ye walasa ka dannaya, jogo ɲuman, ani ka bɛn ni fɛnsɔrɔsiraw ye minnu bɛ yen. Industriw ka sariyaw ni sariyakolow ka teli ka codec sugandiliw fɔ.
MPEG-2 ye H.264 H.265Tulonkɛcogo
Sankaba tulonkɛ ni tulonkɛ baarakɛminɛnw mago bɛ kodɔnw na minnu bɛ latɛmɛni dɔgɔya, kodɔn teliya, ani ka se ka muɲu kɔnɔkow gɛlɛnw na, minnu bɛ Changé teliya la ni fɛn fitininw ye.
H.264 H.265 AV1Bandwidth ka dɔgɔn
Ni ko kɛlenw bɛ ni dantigɛli juguw ye, i n’a fɔ telefɔni selilɛriw togodaw la, kodɔn minnu bɛ baara kɛ kosɛbɛ, olu bɛ jogo ɲuman ni bitiriti hakɛ ɲuman di hali ni kodɔn gɛlɛya ka bon.
AV1 H.265Lakanali Kameraw
Kɔlɔsili siraw ka kan ka balansi don sɛbɛnni banbaliw ni mara dantigɛliw la, tuma caman na, u bɛ fɛnw marali kuntaalajan nafama bila jɔyɔrɔ fɔlɔ la ka tɛmɛ yecogo dafalen kan.
H.264 H.265Archive (dakunmarayɔrɔ) marali
Walasa ka lakana kuntaalajan sɔrɔ, kodɔnw ka kan ka balansi don compression baarakɛcogo ɲuman na ni siniko-kɔrɔbɔli ni decoder sɔrɔli ye. Aplikasi dɔw bɛ baara kɛ ni codecs ye minnu tɛ bɔnɛ sɔrɔ walasa ka u yɛrɛ tanga jogo tiɲɛni ma.
H.265 FFV1 (bɔnɛ tɛ min na) . ProRes ye baara kɛTuma min na an ka kan ka baara kɛ ni Codec kuraw ye
- Ni marayɔrɔ walima bandwidth (bandwidth) bɛ dankari kosɛbɛ
- Ka ɲɛsin kɔnɔkow ma minnu bɛna kodɔn siɲɛ kelen nka u bɛna tulon kɛ siɲɛ caman
- Ni i bɛ laɲini kɛ ni plateforme kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ye ni codec dɛmɛ dɔntaw ye
- Walasa ka ɲɛfɔliba kɛ (4K/8K) ani ka ɲɛsin fɛnw ma minnu bɛ se ka kɛ ni fanga ye
- Ni kodeli waati tɛ ko kɔrɔba ye
Waati min na ka to ni H.264 ye
- Ni minɛnw ni plateforme ka bɛnkan camanba de wajibiyalen don
- Walasa ka kodɔn ɲɛnamaw kɛ ni ɔridinatɛri nafolo danma ye
- Ni kodɔn teliya nafa ka bon ka tɛmɛ filen hakɛ kan
- Walasa ka kɔnɔkow sɔrɔ minnu tilatilali dan ye walima minnu si tɛ mɛn
- Ni i bɛ minɛn kɔrɔw laɲini minnu tɛ ni hardware acceleration ye codec kuraw kama
Tekniki Deep Dive
Minnu b’u mago don bi wideyow kodekiw ka fɛɛrɛ jɔnjɔnw na, nin yɔrɔ in bɛ fɛɛrɛ jusigilanw ni fɛn kuraw sɛgɛsɛgɛ minnu bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka fɛnw digidigi ka ɲɛ, k’a sɔrɔ u bɛ yecogo ɲuman mara.
Fɛnɲɛnɛma-kofɔcogo jɔnjɔnw bi Kodekiw kɔnɔ
Wideyo sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ tali kɛ fɛɛrɛ jɔnjɔn damadɔw la minnu jiginna kosɛbɛ codec bɔnsɔnw kɔnɔ. Nin sariyakolo jɔnjɔnw faamuyali bɛ dɛmɛ ka danfara minnu bɛ kodɔnw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ baarakɛcogo ɲuman na, olu ɲɛfɔ:
Yɔrɔko gɛlɛya (Intra-frame) .
Bi codec bɛɛ bɛ frame kelen-kelenw degun ni transform coding ye, a ka c’a la ni Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) suguya wɛrɛw ye. O kɛcogo bɛ yɔrɔ-piksɛl kunnafoniw sɛmɛntiya ka kɛ frequency coefficients ye, o b’a to kunnafoniw minnu tɛ ye kosɛbɛ, olu bɛ se ka mara ni bitiki fitininw ye.
- H.264 bɛ baara kɛ ni 4×4 ani 8×8 DCT fɛn caman tigɛli ye
- H.265 bɛ bonya ka taa fɛn caman tigɛli la (fo ka se 32×32 ma) walasa ka yɔrɔw detayɛli kɛ ka ɲɛ
- VP9 ye bɛ baara kɛ ni fɛn caman tigɛli ye ka bɔ 4×4 la ka se 32×32 ma
- AV1 bɛ fɛn caman fara ɲɔgɔn kan minnu tɛ kɛnɛ ye ani a bɛ se ka baara kɛ ni fɛn caman tigɛli ye fo ka se 64×64 ma, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka ladamuni ɲuman kɛ kɔnɔkow la
Waati-dafalen (Inter-frame) .
Degun tɔnɔba minnu bɛ sɔrɔ, olu bɛ bɔ ɲɔgɔndanw nafabɔli la karamɔgɔya tugu-tugulenw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ. Sani u ka karamɔgɔ kelen-kelen bɛɛ mara pewu, kodɔnw bɛ lamaga-lamagali vektɔriw ni danfara tolenw mara:
- H.264 bɛ baara kɛ ni bloki hakɛ caman ɲɔgɔnna ye k’a ta 16×16 la ka jigin ka se 4×4 ma lamaga-lamagali musakaw kama
- H.265 bɛ tila-tilacogo caman daminɛ ni Coding Tree Units (CTU) ye fo ka se 64×64 ma, minnu bɛ se ka tila segin-segin na jiri naani jɔcogo la
- VP9 ye bɛ dɛmɛ don o cogo kelen na hierarchical block partitioning scheme ni “superblocks” ye min bɛ se 64×64 ma
- AV1 bɛ tila-tilacogo wɛrɛw fara a kan hali bi i n’a fɔ tilali asimɛtiriw ani kirayacogo jɛlenw
Kirayakuma kɛcogo minnu bɛ kɛ
Kirayakuma fɛɛrɛ kɔrɔw bɛ codecw dɛmɛ u ka kɔnɔkow makɔnɔ k’a sɔrɔ u ma u mara k’a jɛya:
- Kɔrɔfɔli kɔnɔna na: A bɛ blokiw fɔ ka bɔ pixel kɛrɛfɛ pixel decodé kaban frame kelen kɔnɔ
- Kɔrɔfɔli ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ: A bɛ blokiw fɔ ka bɔ karamɔgɔw la minnu dekodɔnna ka kɔrɔ
- Kɔrɔfɔli min bɛ kɛ sira fila fɛ: A bɛ kiraya kɛ ni karamɔgɔya tɛmɛnenw ni siniɲɛsigi fila bɛɛ ye
Kodeki kuraw bɛ kirayakuma kɛcogo caman jira, ni AV1 bɛ kirayakuma kɛcogo 56 dilan ni i y’a suma ni H.264 ka 9 ni HEVC ka 35 ye.
Fɛɛrɛbɔ dɔnniya: Nafa kabakoma minnu bɛ sɔrɔ bi kodekiw kɔnɔ, olu fanba bɛ bɔ tilali ni kirayakuma fɛɛrɛw la minnu ka ca kosɛbɛ sanni ka bɔ degun sariyakolo kura jɔnjɔnw na. O ɲɛtaa ninnu b’a to kodɔnw bɛ se ka ladamu ka ɲɛ ni kɔnɔkow suguya caman ye, k’a ta ɲɛjirali teliyalenw na ka taa a bila kɔkannafɛnw na minnu tɛ jɔ, ni kunnafoni misɛnninw ye.
Ɲininkali minnu bɛ kɛ tuma caman na
Wideyo codec min bɛ bɛn diɲɛ bɛɛ ma, o ye mun ye?
H.264 (AVC) tora wideyow kodeki ye min bɛ se ka baara kɛ diɲɛ bɛɛ kɔnɔ, min bɛ dɛmɛ sɔrɔ bi minɛnw, navigatɔrɔw ani plateformew bɛɛ fɛ minnu dilannen don san 15+ tɛmɛnenw kɔnɔ. O ye sugandili lakananen ye n’i ka kɔnɔkow ka kan ka tulon kɛ yɔrɔ bɛɛ k’a sɔrɔ i ma cogoya caman wajibiya.
Kodeki jumɛn bɛ jogo ni bonya hakɛ bɛɛ la ɲuman di?
AV1 bɛ sisan sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo ɲuman di (jogo ni bonya hakɛ) kodekiw cɛma minnu bɛ bila jago la, a bɛ se ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo ɲuman sɔrɔ 30% ɲɔgɔn na ka tɛmɛ H.265/HEVC ni VP9 kan yecogo ɲuman kelen na. Nka, o bɛ Nà ni kodɔn gɛlɛya ye min ka bon kosɛbɛ ani fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw dɛmɛni danma. Baarakɛcogo caman na, H.265/HEVC ni VP9 bɛ balansi ɲuman di baarakɛcogo ɲuman ni baarakɛcogo ɲuman na.
Ne bɛ se ka H.265/HEVC ni VP9 sugandi cogo di?
H.265/HEVC ni VP9 bɛ fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw deguncogo kelen di (50% ɲɔgɔn ka fisa ni H.264 ye), nka u tɛ kelen ye lase ni ɲɛnamaya kɛcogo dɛmɛni na. H.265/HEVC sugandi n’i bɛ Apple ka minɛnw, telewisɔn hakilitigiw, ani wideyow baarakɛcogo ɲɛnamaw laɲini yɔrɔ minnu na, fɛnɲɛnɛma teliya nafa ka bon yɔrɔ minnu na. VP9 sugandi ɛntɛrinɛti kɔnɔkow kama, YouTube ɲɛnabɔli, ani ni i yɛrɛ tanga patenti royalties ma, o ye i ka ɲɛtaa ye. Sɛrɛkili-yɔrɔba caman bɛ kɔnɔkow Di o cogo fla bɛɛ la ni ‘sènbɔli ye min bɛ Se ka Labɛn.
Yala AV1 labɛnnen don ka baara kɛ ni a ye kosɛbɛ wa?
AV1 labɛnnen don ka taa a fɛ ka baara kɛ ni a ye kosɛbɛ ko kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw na, hali n’a ma kɛ fɔlɔ diɲɛ bɛɛ kɔnɔ i n’a fɔ H.264. Sisan, streaming baarakɛyɔrɔbaw i n’a fɔ YouTube, Netflix ani Facebook bɛ baara kɛ ni AV1 ye kunnafoni sugandilenw kama, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, ko minnu bɛ kɛ ni bandwidth-constrained situations ye. Browser dɛmɛni ka ɲi (Chrome, Firefox, Edge), ani hardware dɛmɛni bɛ ka bonya minɛn kuraw kɔnɔ. Nka, kodɔn bɛ to jatebɔko la, o b’a to a bɛnnen don kosɛbɛ kɔnɔkow ma minnu bɛna kodɔn siɲɛ kelen nka u bɛ fɔ siɲɛ caman, walima ko kɛlenw na, n’o ye ko bandwidth (bandwidth) kɔlɔsili ka bon ni kodɔn musakaw ye.
YouTube dun bɛ cogo di? Ne ka kan ka baara kɛ ni codec jumɛn ye walasa ka fɛnw bila?
YouTube jiginniw kama, aw k’aw sinsin source file ɲuman dicogo kan sanni aw ka kɔn ka a ɲɛnabɔ ni codec kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen ye. YouTube bɛ fɛnw bɛɛ sɛmɛntiya ka kɛ cogo caman na (H.264, VP9, ani AV1 min bɛ ka caya ka taa a fɛ) walasa ka fɔli kɛcogo wɛrɛw kɛ. Walasa ka ɲɛtaa ɲuman sɔrɔ, aw bɛ a bila H.264 kɔnɔ ni bitrate caman ye walima ProRes ni a bɛ sɔrɔ. YouTube b’a ɲini i fɛ i k’i ka frame rate fɔlɔ n’i ka resolution mara fo ka se 8K ma, k’a to u ka system ka optimization ɲɛnabɔ playback devices suguya caman na ani connection speeds.
Yala videyo codec suguya wɛrɛw bɛ nɔ bila CPU/GPU baarakɛcogo la a fɔtuma na wa?
Ɔwɔ, a nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ. Kodeki kura minnu bɛ baara kɛ ka ɲɛ, a ka c’a la, olu bɛ baarakɛcogo fanga caman de wajibiya walasa ka dekodɔn fo ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalan teliya bɛ sɔrɔ. H.264 dekodɔn bɛ teliya ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ye bi minɛnw bɛɛ kan, o b’a to a fanga ka dɔgɔ kosɛbɛ. H.265/HEVC ni VP9 bɛ ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw dɛmɛni ɲuman ye nka u tɛ diɲɛ bɛɛ ta ye, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la minɛn kuraw kan. AV1 hardware decoding bɛ ka bɔ kɛnɛ kan hali bi nka a bɛ ka sɔrɔ ka caya GPU kuraw ni mobili processeurs kan. Porozɛw ka codec kɔrɔlenw decoding bɛ se ka nɔba bila batiri ɲɛnamaya la telefɔni selilɛriw kan, wa a bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka baarakɛcogo gɛlɛyaw lase ɔridinatɛri kɔrɔw ma.
Danfara jumɛn bɛ codec ni container format cɛ?
Kodeki (i n’a fɔ H.264, H.265, VP9) ye algorisimu ye min bɛ wideyow kunnafoniw sɛgɛsɛgɛ ani k’u degun, k’a sɔrɔ minɛn cogoya (i n’a fɔ MP4, MKV, WebM) ye wrapper ye min bɛ wideyow, odio, subtitles ani metadata sɛgɛsɛgɛlenw minɛ ɲɔgɔn na. Miiri kodeki la i n’a fɔ kɔnɔfɛnw pake fɛɛrɛ, k’a sɔrɔ minɛn ye u pake kɛsu ye Misali la, MP4 minɛn bɛ se ka wideyow minɛ minnu kodɔnna ni H.264 walima H.265 ye, ka fara odio kan AAC cogo la. Minɛn bɛ bɛnkan latigɛ ni fɔlikɛla dɔw ni plateforme dɔw ye, k’a sɔrɔ codec bɛ compression baarakɛcogo ɲuman n’a jogo jira.
VVC/H.266 ani codec nataw wɛrɛw dun?
Versatile Video Coding (VVC/H.266) ye codec bɔnsɔn nata ye ka bɔ MPEG/ITU kuluw la, a bɛ layidu ta ko 50% ɲɔgɔn bɛ se ka kɛ ko a ka fisa ni HEVC/H.265 ye. Hali n’a y’a sɔrɔ sariya in labanna san 2020, a tali cayalenba bɛna san caman ta ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ni porogaramuw dɛmɛni bɛ ka yiriwa. O cogo kelen na, Alliance for Open Media bɛ baara kɛ AV2 kan, n’o ye AV1 nɔnabila ye. Nin kodeki nataw bɛ ka ɲɛsin fɔlɔ 8K wideyow ma, tiɲɛ yɛrɛyɛrɛ, ani baarakɛminɛnw ma minnu bɛ se ka kɛ ni bandwidth ye kosɛbɛ. Sisan baarakɛcogo fanba la, k’i sinsin kodekiw kan minnu bɛ baara kɛ kosɛbɛ (H.264, HEVC, VP9, ani AV1 min bɛ ka caya ka taa a fɛ) o tora fɛɛrɛ nafama ye.
Codec bɛnnen sugandi ka kɛɲɛ ni i ka videyo magow ye
I mana kunnafoniw lajɛ, i mana wideyow dilan, walima i mana porogaramuw labɛn, n’i ye codec bɛnnen sugandi, o bɛ se ka nɔba bila u ka jogo la, u ka bɛn ɲɔgɔn na ani u ka baarakɛcogo ɲuman na. Baara kɛ ni an ka sangaɲɔgɔnma bɛɛ ye walasa ka desizɔnw ta minnu bɛ bɛn i ka baarakɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen ma.