Media Bitrate Nkontaabu a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma
Bu bitrates a eye sen biara ma quality levels ne platforms ahorow. Ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ ma video abɔfoɔ, streamers, ne content professionals a wɔpɛ sɛ wɔma su kɛseɛ berɛ a wɔreyɛ fael kɛseɛ ne bandwidth yie.
Bu Wo Bitrate a Ɛyɛ Paara Ho Akontaabu
Hyɛ nsɛm a ɛwɔ aseɛ ha no ma na woanya bitrates a wɔkamfo kyerɛ ma wo media. Yɛn calculator no susuw resolution, frame rate, content type, ne target platform ho de ma bitrate nyansahyɛ a eye sen biara.
Nea Enti a Yɛde Yɛn Bitrate Calculator Di Dwuma
Optimal Quality & Size Kari pɛ
Hwehwɛ kari pɛ a edi mũ wɔ aniwa su ne fael kɛse ntam denam yɛn nyansa bitrate nyansahyɛ ahorow a egyina nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ so.
- Platform-specific optimizations a wɔyɛ no yiye
- Akontaabu a ɛfa emu nsɛm ho
- Nneɛma pii a wobetumi apaw wɔ su pa ho
Codec Mmoa a Ɛkɔ Akyiri
Nya nyansahyɛ pɔtee bi ma nnɛyi codec ahorow a H.264, H.265/HEVC, VP9, ne AV1 ka ho, a emu biara wɔ nhyehyɛe a wɔayɛ no yiye.
- Codec-specific bitrate nsakraeɛ
- Next-gen codec mmoa
- Adwumayɛfoɔ codec presets
Platform-Adeyɛ a Ɛyɛ Paara
Hwɛ sɛ wo nsɛm no bɛyɛ nea eye sen biara wɔ platform biara so a bitrate nyansahyɛ ahorow a wɔayɛ ama YouTube, Twitch, Facebook, ne nea ɛkeka ho.
- Encoding afotu a ɛfa platform pɔtee bi ho
- Wɔayɛ no yiye ama platform biara algorithm
- Wɔayɛ no foforo denam platform ahwehwɛde ahorow a aba foforo so
Nsɛm ho amanneɛbɔfo Bitrates a Wɔte ase
Dɛn Ne Bitrate na Dɛn Nti na Ɛho Hia?
Bitrate yɛ data dodow a wɔyɛ ho adwuma wɔ bere biara mu, a wɔtaa susuw wɔ bits per second (bps), kilobits per second (Kbps), anaa megabits per second (Mbps). Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛkyerɛ data dodow a wɔde ama sɛ wɔde begyina hɔ ama wo video anaa ɔdio mu nsɛm.
Mpɛn pii no, bitrates a ɛkorɔn kyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ papa efisɛ wɔde data pii sie media ho nsɛm, na ɛde nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri na emu da hɔ pii ba. Nanso, bitrates a ɛkorɔn nso ma fael akɛseɛ ba na ɛhia bandwidth pii ma streaming. Bitrate a eye sen biara a wobɛhwehwɛ no ho hia ma kari pɛ wɔ su pa ho ne nsusuwii a mfaso wɔ so te sɛ fael kɛse, bere a wode gu/twe, ne streaming adwumayɛ.
Video Bitrate a Wɔde Di Dwuma
Ɛhwɛ sɛnea wo video no hwɛ so. Ɛba fam dodo, na wubehu nneɛma a wɔde ayɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ blocky, nea ɛyɛ kusuu, ne nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri a ɛyera. Ɛkorɔn dodo, na woresɛe baabi a wode nneɛma sie a wunnya nkɔso a wotumi hu.
Audio Bitrate a Wɔde Di Dwuma
Ɛkyerɛ sɛnea nnyigyei no te. Odio bitrates a ɛba fam betumi ama nnyigyei a ɛyɛ tinny, dynamic range a ɛyera, ne dede a ɛwɔ akyi aba. Mpɛn pii no, ɔdio hwehwɛ data kakraa bi koraa sen video.
Kari a Wobɛhwehwɛ
Adwinni a ɛfa bitrate optimization ho ne sɛ wubehu beae a ɛyɛ dɛ a wɔma su no yɛ kɛse bere a wɔma fael kɛse ne bandwidth ahwehwɛde ahorow no yɛ nea ntease wom ma w’atiefo no.
Nneɛma a Ɛka Optimal Bitrate
Nneɛma pii nya bitrate a ɛbɛma woanya nea eye sen biara ama wo nsɛm ho amanneɛbɔ pɔtee no so nkɛntɛnso. Yɛn akontaabu afiri no susuw nneɛma yi ho de nyansahyɛ ahorow a ɛyɛ nokware sen biara ma:
Nhyehyɛeɛ
Nsusuiɛ a ɛkorɔn (4K, 1440p, 1080p) kura piksel pii na ɛhia bitrates a ɛkorɔn na ama ayɛ yie. 4K video hia data pii kɛse sen 720p video a ɛwɔ nsɛm koro no ara.
Frame Rate a Wɔde Di Dwuma
Video ahorow a ɛwɔ 60fps no hia bɛyɛ 1.5x bitrate a ɛboro 30fps video ahorow so na ama wɔakura ne su a ɛte saa ara mu, efisɛ frame ahorow a ɛboro so mmɔho abien wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde encode wɔ bere koro mu.
Nsɛm a ɛwɔ mu a ɛyɛ den
Nsɛm a ɛkɔ ntɛmntɛm a nsɛm pii wom (agumadi, adeyɛ ho mfonini) hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde bitrates a ɛkorɔn sen nsɛm a ɛkɔ soro (nsɛmbisa, nsɛm a wɔka kyerɛ) na ama wɔakwati kankyee artifacts na ama emu ada hɔ.
Codec a Wɔde Di Dwuma Yiye
Codec foforɔ te sɛ H.265/HEVC ne AV1 tumi nya su a ɛte saa ara wɔ bitrates a ɛba fam mu sɛ wɔde toto codec dedaw te sɛ H.264 ho a, mpɛn pii no ɛhia data a ɛsua 30-50%.
Ɔkwan a Wɔfa so De Kɔma
Ebia Streaming platforms bɛdan wo nsɛm no, enti fibea a ɛkorɔn a wode bɛma no ho hia. Downloads betumi anya mfaso afi bitrates a ɛkorɔn mu efisɛ bandwidth anohyeto ahorow ka download a edi kan no nkutoo.
Botae Asɛnka agua
Platform ahorow wɔ ahwehwɛde ahorow ne akwan horow a wɔfa so di ho dwuma. YouTube, Twitch, Netflix, ne social media platforms biara wɔ n’ankasa nhyehyɛe a eye sen biara.
Bitrate Units & Nsakrae a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma
Bitrate units ne sɛnea ɛfa fael kɛse ho ntease ho hia ma media nhyehyɛe a etu mpɔn:
| Ɔfa | Ahyɛnsodeɛ | Boɔ | Wɔtaa De Di Dwuma Ma |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bits wɔ sekan biara mu | bps | Base unit no | Mfiridwuma ho nsɛm a wɔakyerɛkyerɛ mu |
| Kilobits wɔ sekan biara mu | Kbps | 1,000 bps na ɛwɔ hɔ | Audio encoding, video a ɛnyɛ den pii |
| Megabits wɔ sekan biara mu | Mbps | 1,000,000 bps na ɛwɔ hɔ | Video a wɔde kyerɛw nsɛm a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ |
| Gigabits wɔ sekan biara mu | Gbps | 1,000,000,000 bps na ɛyɛ adwuma | Video a wɔanhyɛ no den, streaming a ɛkorɔn |
Bitrate to Fael Kɛse Nsakrae
Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wubu fael kɛse fi bitrate so a, fa saa fomula yi di dwuma:
Sɛ nhwɛso no, video a egye simma 10 a ɛwɔ 5 Mbps no bɛyɛ sɛ:
Bitrates a Wɔkamfo Kyerɛ Wɔ Platform So
Platform ahorow wɔ ahwehwɛde ne nyansahyɛ ahorow a ɛsono sɛnea wɔde video bɛkɔ yiye. Ntotoho a ɛkɔ akyiri a ɛfa streaming ne social media platform atitiriw ho ni:
YouTube Bitrates a Wɔkamfo Kyerɛ
YouTube no ara yɛ wo video no nkyerɛaseɛ ahodoɔ pii wɔ ne su ahodoɔ mu, nanso sɛ wode to so wɔ bitrate a ɛkorɔn so a, ɛma wɔn a wɔhwɛ no yɛ papa.
| Nhyehyɛeɛ | Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Nneɛma (24-30 FPS) . | Frame Rate a ɛkorɔn (48-60 FPS) . | Codec a wɔkamfo kyerɛ |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2160p (4K) na ɛwɔ hɔ. | 35-45 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 53-68 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | H.264, VP9, AV1 na ɛwɔ hɔ |
| 1440p (2K) na ɛwɔ hɔ. | 16-24 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 24-36 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | H.264, VP9, na ɔkyerɛwee |
| 1080p (Hd a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ) . | 8-12 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 12-18 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | H.264 |
| 720p (HD) na ɛyɛ adwuma. | 5-7.5 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 7.5-11 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | H.264 |
| 480p (SD) na ɛwɔ hɔ. | 2.5-4 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 4-6 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | H.264 |
| 360p | 1-1.5 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 1.5-2.25 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | H.264 |
YouTube Optimization Afotusɛm
- YouTube yɛ n’ankasa transcoding, enti source file a ɛyɛ papa a wɔde bɛma no ho hia.
- Sɛ wopɛ HDR nsɛm a, fa BT.2020 kɔla ahunmu ne 10-bit anaa nea ɛboro saa bit bun di dwuma.
- YouTube kamfo kyerɛ sɛ fa H.264 High Profile di dwuma ma nsɛm a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ ne VP9 ma nsusuwii a ɛkorɔn.
- Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔdio yɛ AAC-LC wɔ 128 kbps ma stereo anaa 384 kbps ma 5.1 surround.
- YouTube di video ahorow ho dwuma yiye bere a wɔde keyframe ntam kwan a ɛyɛ sikɔne 2 di dwuma no.
Twitch Bitrates a Wɔkamfo Kyerɛ
Twitch wɔ bitrate anohyeto pɔtee bi ma ahokafo level ahorow. Saa nyansahyɛ ahorow yi boa ma wohwɛ hu sɛ wo stream no gyina na ahwɛfo a wɔwɔ nkitahodi ahoɔhare ahorow betumi anya bi.
| Nhyehyɛeɛ | 30 FPS na ɛwɔ hɔ | 60 FPS na ɛwɔ hɔ | Nsɛm a Wɔahyɛ no Nsow |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1080p | 4.5-6 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 6-8 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | Wɔkamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa mma Ahokafo/Ayɔnkofo |
| 720p | 3-4.5 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 4.5-6 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | Wɔkamfo kyerɛ ma streamers dodow no ara |
| 480p | 1.5-3 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 3-4.5 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wonya upload bandwidth a anohyeto wom a |
Twitch Optimization Afotusɛm
- Twitch wɔ hard cap a ɛyɛ 8 Mbps ɛmfa ho sɛnea wo hokafo tebea te.
- Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔdio yɛ AAC wɔ 128-160 kbps ma ɛyɛ papa na ɛne ne ho hyia.
- Fa “Main” profile no di dwuma ma H.264 encoding a “medium” to “faster” CPU preset ma kari pɛ.
- Sɛ wonyɛ Ɔhokafoɔ anaa Affiliate a, susuw ho sɛ wobɛbɔ streaming wɔ 720p60 ama viewer osuahu a ɛyɛ papa.
- Susuw wo viewers’ bandwidth ho – ɛnyɛ obiara na obetumi ahwɛ high-bitrate streams a onni buffering.
Facebook Kamfo Bitrates a Wɔkamfo Kyerɛ
Facebook Live ne Facebook Video wɔ nyansahyɛ ahorow a ɛsono sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobɛhwɛ ahu sɛ wo nsɛm no bɛkɔ atiefo a wɔdɔɔso sen biara nkyɛn bere a wokura su pa mu.
| Nhyehyɛeɛ | Live Streaming a Wɔde Di Dwuma | Video a Wɔde To So | Nsɛm a Wɔahyɛ no Nsow |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1080p | 4-6 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 8-12 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | Nsusuwii a ɛsen biara ma FB Live |
| 720p | 2.5-4 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 4-8 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | Wɔkamfo kyerɛ wɔn a wɔde di dwuma dodow no ara |
| 480p | 1-2.5 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 2-4 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | Wɔ bandwidth a anohyeto wom ho |
| 360p | 0.5-1 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 1-2 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | Mobile-adamfofa kwan so option |
Facebook Ho Nsɛm a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma Yiye
- Facebook kamfo kyerɛ sɛ bitrate a ɛsen biara yɛ 4 Mbps ma standard live streaming.
- Wɔ video ahorow a wɔde akɔ so no, Facebook gye fael ahorow a ɛkɔ soro kodu 10 Gbps na ɛbɛdan no.
- Facebook yɛ adwuma yiye wɔ H.264 codec, High profile, ne 2-second keyframe ntam.
- Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔdio yɛ AAC wɔ 96-128 kbps ma live ne 128-256 kbps ma uploads.
- Facebook bɛsan de wo nsɛm no ahyɛ mu bio, enti ɛyɛ papa sɛ wode source file a ɛyɛ papa bɛma.
Vimeo Bitrates a Wɔkamfo Kyerɛ
Wonim Vimeo sɛ video a ɛkorɔn na ɛde nyansahyɛ pɔtee a egyina wo nsɛm no su ne botaeɛ su so ma.
| Nhyehyɛeɛ | Standard Quality a Ɛyɛ Fɛ | Premium Quality a Ɛyɛ Fɛ | Codec a wɔkamfo kyerɛ |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4K (2160p) . | 30-60 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 40-80 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | H.264, Nsɛm a Wɔahyehyɛ |
| 2K (1440p) . | 16-24 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 20-30 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | H.264, Nsɛm a Wɔahyehyɛ |
| 1080p | 10-20 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 15-25 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | H.264 |
| 720p | 5-10 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 8-12 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | H.264 |
| SD (480p) na ɛwɔ hɔ. | 3-5 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 5-8 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | H.264 |
Vimeo Optimization Afotusɛm
- Vimeo gye bitrates a ɛkorɔn sen platform pii, na ɛma kwan ma wɔde nneɛma a ɛyɛ adwumayɛfo de gu so.
- Sɛ wopɛ nea eye sen biara a, fa H.264 a ɛwɔ High profile anaa ProRes 422 di dwuma ma 4K nsɛm.
- Vimeo gye na ɛkora 10-bit kɔla bun ma HDR nsɛm.
- Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔdio yɛ AAC wɔ 320 kbps ma stereo anaasɛ ɛkɔ 512 kbps ma surround sound.
- Vimeo Plus, Pro, ne Business akontaabu ahorow wɔ upload anohyeto ahorow ne quality options ahorow.
Instagram Bitrates a Wɔkamfo Kyerɛ
Instagram wɔ ahwehwɛdeɛ pɔtee bi ma video ahodoɔ a Stories, Reels, IGTV, ne standard posts ka ho.
| Ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ no | Nhyehyɛeɛ | Bitrate a wɔkamfo kyerɛ | Ne Tenten a Ɛsen Biara |
|---|---|---|---|
| Instagram Nsɛm a Wɔka | 1080×1920 (9:16) | 3-5 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 15 sikɔne |
| Instagram Feed no so | 1080×1080 (1:1) | 5-8 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | sikani 60 |
| Instagram Reels a Wɔde Di Dwuma | 1080×1920 (9:16) | 5-8 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | 30 sikɔne |
| IGTV na ɛyɛ adwuma | 1080×1920 (9:16) | 8-10 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | Simma 60 na ɛyɛ |
Instagram Optimization Afotusɛm
- Instagram mia video ahorow so kɛse, enti sɛ wofi ase fi fibea a ɛkorɔn so a, ɛboa ma wɔkora nsɛm nketenkete so.
- Fa H.264 codec di dwuma na fa wo keyframe interval no si sekan 1-2 biara.
- Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔdio yɛ AAC wɔ 128 kbps ma ɛyɛ papa wɔ Instagram dwumadie akyi.
- Wɔ Stories ne Reels fam no, vertical 9:16 format no yɛ adwuma yiye bere a wɔde nkyerɛwde adaka kakraa bi na ɛyɛ adwuma.
- Instagram pɛ video ahorow a ɛhyerɛn na ɛyɛ hyew a nsonsonoe pa wom ma wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu yiye.
TikTok Bitrates a Wɔkamfo Kyerɛ
TikTok yɛ nea wɔayɛ no yiye ama mobile hwɛ a ɛwɔ format pɔtee ahwehwɛde ahorow de ahwɛ ahu sɛ wo nsɛm no bɛyɛ fɛ yiye wɔ platform no so.
| Nhyehyɛeɛ | Afã Nkyɛmu | Bitrate a wɔkamfo kyerɛ | Ne Tenten a Ɛsen Biara |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1080×1920 | 9:16 (Agyina hɔ) . | 8-12 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | Simma 3 (gyinabea) . |
| 1080×1920 | 9:16 (Agyina hɔ) . | 10-15 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | Simma 10 (wɔatrɛw mu) . |
| 1080×1080 | 1:1 (Ahinanan) . | 6-10 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | Simma 3 na ɛyɛ |
| 1920×1080 | 16:9 (Ɔkwan a ɛda fam) . | 8-12 Mbps na ɛyɛ adwuma | Simma 3 na ɛyɛ |
TikTok a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma Yiye Ho Afotu
- TikTok yɛ adwuma yiye wɔ mfonini a ɛhyerɛn na emu da hɔ a wɔayɛ no yiye ama mobile hwɛ so.
- 9:16 vertical video format ma wonya osuahu a eye sen biara a wɔde hwɛ wɔ asɛnka agua so.
- H.264 encoding a bitrate a ɛkorɔn wom boa ma wɔkora su so denam TikTok compression so.
- Ɔdio ho hia yiye wɔ TikTok so – fa ɔdio a emu da hɔ di dwuma wɔ 128-256 kbps.
- TikTok algorithm no pɛ video ahorow a ɛwɔ mfiridwuma mu su pa ne mfonini ahorow a emu da hɔ.
Sɛnea Wɔde Bitrate Calculator Di Dwuma
Hyehyɛ Wo Media Nsɛm Ho Nsɛm
Fi ase denam resolution a wopɛ, frame rate, content type, ne target platform a wobɛpaw so. Saa parameters a ɛho hia yi boa yɛn ma yehu bitrate range a eye sen biara ma w’ahiade pɔtee. Yɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ sɛnea wubetumi na ama woanya nyansahyɛ ahorow a edi mu sen biara.
Kyerɛ Mfiridwuma Ho Nsusuwii
Paw video codec a wopɛ (H.264, H.265/HEVC, VP9, AV1) ne ɔdio su nhyehyɛe. Advanced users nso betumi akyerɛ parameters foforo te sɛ HDR content type ne optimization preferences ama akontabuo a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Bu Optimal Bitrate ho akontaa
Klik “Calculate Optimal Bitrate” bɔtn no so na yɛ nyansahyɛ ahorow a wɔayɛ ama wo ankasa. Yɛn algorithm no hwehwɛ parameters nyinaa mu na ɛma nyansahu mu akontaabuo bitrate values a ɛkari pɛ quality ne fael kɛseɛ ma wo content pɔtee.
Hwɛ Nyansahyɛ Ahorow mu
Hwehwɛ nea efii mu bae no mu kɔ akyiri, a video ne ɔdio bitrates a wɔkamfo kyerɛ, fael akɛse a wɔasusuw, ne mfiridwuma ho afotu a ɛfa platform pɔtee bi ho ka ho. Yɛde akwan horow pii a ɛyɛ papa ma sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubetumi apaw nea ɛyɛ adwuma yiye ma wo tebea pɔtee no.
Fa Nsiesiei Di Dwuma Wɔ Wo Software no Mu
Fa yɛn nyansahyɛ ahorow no di dwuma bere a woresiesie wo encoding software (OBS, Premiere Pro, DaVinci Resolve, Handbrake, ne nea ɛkeka ho). Fa bitrate, codec nhyehyeɛ, ne parameters foforɔ a wɔahyɛ ho nyansa no di dwuma na ama woanya quality a ɛyɛ papa ama wo media content.
Nsɛm a Wɔtaa Bisa
Dɛn ne bitrate a eye ma 1080p video?
Sɛ wopɛ 1080p (1920×1080) video wɔ 30fps a, bitrate a eye sen biara no taa fi 8-12 Mbps ma standard content a wɔde H.264 encoding di dwuma. Sɛ wopɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ nnam pii te sɛ agumadi anaa adeyɛ ho mfonini a, ebia wubehia 12-15 Mbps. Sɛ wode 60fps redi dwuma a, ma saa gyinapɛn ahorow yi nkɔ soro bɛyɛ 50%. Codecs a ɛyɛ adwuma yie te sɛ H.265/HEVC anaa AV1 tumi nya su a ɛte saa ara wɔ 30-50% bitrates a ɛba fam. Ebia w’ahwehwɛde pɔtee no bɛsono a egyina nsɛm a ɛwɔ mu no mu den ne botaeɛ kwan so.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na bitrate nya fael kɛse so nkɛntɛnso?
Bitrate de fomula a ɛnyɛ den na ɛkyerɛ fael kɛse tẽẽ: Fael Kɛse (MB) = Bitrate (Mbps) × Bere tenten (seconds) ÷ 8. Sɛ nhwɛso no, video a egye simma 10 a wɔde 10 Mbps ahyɛ mu no bɛma fael a ne kɛse bɛyɛ 750 MB (10 Mbps × 600 seconds ÷ 8) aba. Bitrates a ɛkorɔn ma fael akɛse ba nanso mpɛn pii no nso ɛma ne su tu mpɔn. Sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ kari pɛ a eye sen biara a, egyina wo su pa ahwehwɛde ne storage/bandwidth anohyeto ahorow so.
Dɛn nti na streaming hwehwɛ bitrates soronko sen downloads?
Streaming ne downloadable content wɔ bitrate ahwehwɛdeɛ ahodoɔ titire ɛnam bandwidth anohyetoɔ nti. Streaming hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde bere ankasa bɛma, enti ɛsɛ sɛ bitrate no yɛ nea ɛkɔ so wɔ nea ɔhwɛ no intanɛt nkitahodi mu na wɔakwati buffering. Stream platform dodow no ara kamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa bitrates a ɛba fam nni dwuma na ama atiefo pii betumi anya bi. Nanso, nneɛma a wɔatwe no, ɛnyɛ bere ankasa a wɔde bɛkɔ no siw ano, na ɛma kwan ma wonya bitrates a ɛkorɔn ne nea ɛyɛ papa. Bio nso, streaming platforms taa yɛ wɔn ankasa transcoding de yɛ quality levels pii, enti source file a ɛyɛ papa a wɔde bɛma no ho hia mpo bere mpo a end-user no betumi stream wɔ bitrate a ɛba fam so.
Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛwɔ CBR, VBR, ne CRF encoding ntam?
Eyinom yɛ rate control modes ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wɔkyekyɛ bitrate:
- CBR (Bit Rate a Ɛkɔ So Daa): Ɛkura bitrate koro no ara mu wɔ video no nyinaa mu, ɛmfa ho sɛnea ɛyɛ den. Eyi ye ma streaming a bandwidth consistency ho hia nanso ebetumi ayɛ nea entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye mma variable content.
- VBR (Bit Rate a ɛsakra): . Ɔkyekyɛ bitrates a ɛkorɔn ma scenes a ɛyɛ den na bitrates a ɛba fam ma scenes a ɛnyɛ den. Eyi ma ɛyɛ papa wɔ bitrate koro no ara mu sɛ wɔde toto CBR ho a, ɛma ɛyɛ nea eye ma nneɛma a wɔatwe.
- CRF (Nneɛma a Ɛfa Nneɛma a Wɔde Di Dwuma Daa): Kɔ so kura su a ɛkɔ so daa mu sen bitrate, na ɛma encoder no kwan ma ɔde bitrate biara a ɛho hia di dwuma de kura quality level a wɔakyerɛ no mu. Eyi yɛ papa ma archival ne tebea horow a wɔde su di kan sen fael kɛse a wotumi hyɛ ho nkɔm.
Wɔ streaming ho no, wɔtaa kamfo CBR anaa capped VBR kyerɛ. Wɔ video ahorow a wɔatwe ho no, VBR anaa CRF taa ma ɛyɛ adwuma yiye.
Sɛ wɔde codec foforo te sɛ H.265/HEVC ne AV1 toto H.264 ho a, ɛyɛ dɛn?
Codec foforo ma nkɔso kɛse ba wɔ adwumayɛ mu sen H.264 a wɔde di dwuma kɛse no:
- H.265/HEVC: 1 . Ɛnya su a ɛte sɛ H.264 wɔ bɛyɛ 40-50% bitrates a ɛba fam, nanso ɛhia processing tumi pii na ama encode ne decode. Wɔboa no kɛse wɔ mfiri foforo mu na eye ma 4K nsɛm.
- AV1: 1 . Ɛyɛ adwuma yie mpo sene HEVC, ɛma su a ɛte saa ara wɔ 20-30% a ɛba fam bitrates sene HEVC (anaasɛ 50-60% a ɛba fam sene H.264). Nanso, mprempren AV1 encoding yɛ processor-intensive kɛse, ɛwom sɛ decoder mmoa renya nkɔso ntɛmntɛm de.
- VP9: 1 . Google akansifoɔ ne HEVC, de nkɔsoɔ a ɛte saa ara wɔ adwumayɛ mu sene H.264 a ɛwɔ browser mmoa a ɛyɛ papa sene HEVC nanso hardware ahoɔhare sua.
Sɛ worepaw codec a, susuw sɛnea ɛne wo botae mfiri/platforms hyia, encoding bere anohyeto, ne quality/size ahwehwɛde ahorow. H.264 da so ara yɛ ɔkwan a ɛne no hyia kɛse, bere a codec foforo ma adwumayɛ a eye sen biara wɔ ɛka a ɛne sɛ ɛne ne ho hyia anaasɛ encoding ahoɔhare ho ka.
Dɛn na ɛho hia kɛse ma su: resolution anaa bitrate?
Resolution ne bitrate nyinaa nya video no su so nkɛntɛnso kɛse, nanso ɛsono sɛnea ɛho hia a egyina nsɛm a ɛfa ho no so:
Nhyehyɛeɛ kyerɛ piksel dodow a ɛwɔ frame biara mu, na ɛka detail potential ne sharpness. Nanso, sɛ bitrate no sua dodo ma resolution no a, wubehu compression artifacts a ɛpow mfaso a ɛwɔ resolution a ɛkorɔn so.
Bitrate a ɛyɛ dɛ kyerɛ data dodow a wɔde kyerɛw video no sekan biara, na ɛka sɛnea wobetumi akora nsɛm nketenkete ne kankyee so yiye no tẽẽ. Bitrate a ɛkorɔn a ɛwɔ resolution a ɛba fam no taa hwɛ yiye sen resolution a ɛkorɔn a bitrate nnɔɔso.
Ɔkwan a eye sen biara ne sɛ wobɛkari pɛ wɔ abien no nyinaa mu sɛnea wo nsɛm te. Sɛ wopɛ scenes a ɛkɔ akyiri na ɛyɛ den a, fa bitrate a ɛdɔɔso di kan ma wo resolution a woapaw no. Sɛ wopɛ nneɛma a ɛnyɛ den te sɛ nkyerɛkyerɛmu anaa mfonini a wɔde yɛ mfonini a, ebia resolution ho hia sen bitrates a ɛkorɔn yiye. Yɛn akontaabu afiri no kamfo nhyehyɛe a ɛkari pɛ a ɛma nneɛma abien no nyinaa yɛ papa ma wo nsɛm pɔtee no kyerɛ.
Bitrate Nsusuwii a Ɛkɔ Anim
Adwene ne Nneyɛe Ho Nneɛma a Ɛyɛ Paara
Nnɛyi video codec ahorow de adwene mu aniwa ho nhwɛso ahorow di dwuma de ma sɛnea wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ papa no yɛ papa denam data pii a wɔde ma nneɛma a ɛho hia wɔ aniwa so bere a wɔde mia nsɛm a ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi kɛse no so. Nnyinasosɛm ahorow yi a wobɛte ase no betumi aboa wo ma woasisi gyinae pa wɔ encoding ho:
Nkate mu Nkataso
Onipa aniwa nhyehyɛe no ntumi nte dede nka kɛse wɔ mmeae a ɛkɔ soro anaa mmeae a wɔayɛ no kɛse. Codec de eyi di dwuma denam nhyɛso pii a wɔde di dwuma wɔ mmeae yi a ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi sɛ ɛyera su pa no so.
Luma vs. Chroma Nsusuwii
Nnipa te nka kɛse wɔ hann (luma) nsakrae ho sen kɔla (chroma) nsakrae. Codec dodow no ara de chroma subsampling (4:2:0) di dwuma de tew kɔla nsusuwii so bere a wɔkura hann nsusuwii a edi mũ mu, na ɛtew bitrate so kɛse a nkate mu nkɛntɛnso kakraa bi na ɛwom.
Rate-Distortion a Wɔyɛ no Yiye
Encoders a wɔakɔ anim si gyinae mpempem pii wɔ sɛnea wɔbɛkyekyɛ bits denam akontaabu a wobu akontaa wɔ aniwa so nkɛntɛnso ne bitrate ho ka so. Saa algorithms yi anya nkɔso kɛse wɔ nnansa yi codec awo ntoatoaso mu, na ɛma kwan ma ɛyɛ papa wɔ bitrate koro no ara mu.
Encoding a Wonim Nsɛm a Ɛwɔ Mu
Nnɛyi encoding ano aduru hwehwɛ wo nsɛm mu de dynamically sesa bitrate a egyina complexity so. Simple scenes nya bits kakraa bi bere a complex scenes nya pii, na ɛde su a wosusuw sɛ ɛkɔ so daa a bitrate a ɛba fam ba.
Encoding Parameters a Ɛkɔ Anim
Wɔ bitrate nhyehyɛe titiriw akyi no, saa parameters a ɛkɔ anim yi betumi anya wo encoding quality ne efficiency so nkɛntɛnso kɛse:
| Parameter a wɔde kyerɛ | Nkyerɛmu | Nsiesiei a Wɔkamfo Kyerɛ |
|---|---|---|
| Profile Level a Wɔde Di Dwuma | Kyerɛkyerɛ anohyeto ahorow a ɛyɛ den ne feature sets a codec no de di dwuma | H.264: High Profile ma nea eye sen biara, Main ma nea ɛne ne ho hyia HEVC: Main 10 ma HDR, Main ma gyinapɛn |
| Nsɛm a Wɔde Kyerɛw Nsɛm | Frame dodow a encoder no betumi atwe adwene asi so bere a ɛrepiapia no | 3-5 ma streaming, 5-8 ma nea ɛkorɔn sen biara |
| B-frames a wɔde yɛ nneɛma | Bidirectional predicted frames a ɛkyerɛ frame a atwam ne daakye nyinaa | 2-3 ma nsɛm a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ, 3-5 ma sini |
| Hwɛ-hwɛ w’anim | Sɛnea encoder no hwehwɛ n’anim kɔ akyiri de si gyinae | 40-100 frames ma VBR encoding, gyinapɛn a ɛkorɔn ma su tu mpɔn |
| Adaptive Quantization a Wɔde Di Dwuma | Ɛsakra quantization dynamically gyina aniwa so hia | Ma ɛnyɛ adwuma na hyehyɛ “auto” anaa nea ɛne no sɛ wɔ wo encoder no mu |
| Tune na ɛyɛ | Preset nhyehyeɛ a ɛma encoding yɛ yie ma content ahodoɔ pɔtee bi | “Film” ma sini, “Animation” ma cartoons, “Grain” ma sini aburow a wɔkora so |
Bere a nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛkɔ akyiri yi betumi ama nneɛma a ɛyɛ fɛ atu mpɔn kɛse no, ɛtaa ma bere a wɔde yɛ encoding no yɛ kɛse. Sɛ wopɛ nea eye sen biara a, sɔ wo nsɛm pɔtee no hwɛ yiye denam parameter ahorow a wɔaka abom so. Encoders pii de presets te sɛ “slower” anaa “veryslow” a ɛde optimization a edi mũ di dwuma ankasa ka ho.
Nkɛntɛnso a Bitrate Nya wɔ Nsɛm ho Amanneɛbɔ Pa ne Nea Wɔde Ma So
Wɔ dijitaal nsɛm ho amanneɛbɔ tebea mu no, bitrate gyina hɔ sɛ ade titiriw a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wo nsɛm no yɛ nea wotumi hu/atie ne mfiridwuma mu ahwehwɛde ahorow a wɔde bɛma no nyinaa. Sɛ́ ebia woyɛ obi a ɔyɛ nneɛma, streaming professional, anaa media anigyefo no, bitrate dwumadi ho ntease ho hia na ama woanya nsɛm a eye sen biara.
Bitrate, a wɔsusu no bits per second (bps) no gyina hɔ ma data dodow a wɔyɛ ho adwuma anaa wɔde kɔ baabi foforo wɔ bere unit biara mu. Wɔ video mu nsɛm ho no, mpɛn pii no, bitrates a ɛkorɔn no ma wohu ade yiye efisɛ data pii wɔ hɔ a wɔde gyina hɔ ma nsɛm nketenkete, kɔla ho nsɛm, ne kankyee. Nanso, bitrates a ɛkorɔn nso ma fael akɛseɛ ne bandwidth ahwehwɛdeɛ kɔ soro, na ɛde aguadiɛ titire ba su ne nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma yie ntam.
Nneɛma a Ɛkari pɛ ne ne Kɛse
Abusuabɔ a ɛda bitrate ne su a wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ papa ntam no nyɛ linear. Ɛnyɛ nea ɛkyerɛ sɛ bitrate no mmɔho abien no ma su a wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ no mmɔho abien. Eyi ne baabi a adwene a ɛfa “quality ceiling” ho no bɛyɛ nea ɛho hia – beae a bitrate a ɛkɔ soro bio no ma mfaso a ɛso tew ba wɔ quality nkɔso a wotumi hu mu. Yɛn Media Bitrate Calculator boa ma wohu saa beae a eye sen biara yi wɔ baabi a wɔma su no yɛ kɛse a wɔmfa nneɛma nsɛe.
Nneɛma ahorow a ɛwɔ mu no wɔ bitrate ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛsono emu biara koraa. Static content a enni kankyee kakraa bi (te sɛ nsɛmbisa anaa nsɛm a wɔka kyerɛ) betumi anya su a ɛkyɛn so wɔ bitrates a ɛba fam koraa mu. Nea ɛne eyi bɔ abira no, nsɛm a ɛyɛ den, ɛkɔ ntɛmntɛm a ɛwɔ nkyerɛwee a ɛkɔ akyiri (te sɛ agumadi mu nsɛm anaa nneyɛe a ɛtoatoa so) hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde bitrates a ɛkorɔn kɛse na ama wɔakura su koro a wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ papa no mu. Wo nsɛm no mu nsɛm a ɛyɛ den no ntease ho hia kɛse ma bitrate nkyekyɛmu a etu mpɔn.
Platform a Wɔyɛ no Yiye
Nkyekyɛmu platform biara de dwumadie nsuo afiri soronko ne nhyɛsoɔ akwan di dwuma. YouTube, Twitch, Facebook, ne nnwuma afoforo biara de n’ankasa transcoding ne delivery akwan di dwuma, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ source bitrates a eye sen biara no gu ahorow wɔ platform biara mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, YouTube nyansahyɛ a ɛfa 4K nneɛma ho (35-45 Mbps ma 30fps) yɛ soronko wɔ Twitch bitrate a wɔma ho kwan kɛse a ɛyɛ 8 Mbps ho. Yɛn calculator no de nyansahyɛ ahorow a ɛfa platform pɔtee bi ho ma de hwɛ hu sɛ wo nsɛm no yɛ adwuma yiye wɔ ɔsom a woapaw no so.
Encoding codec no nso nya bitrate a wɔhwehwɛ no so nkɛntɛnso kɛse. Codec foforo te sɛ H.265/HEVC ne AV1 nya su a ɛyɛ pɛ wɔ bitrates a ɛba fam kɛse sɛ wɔde toto H.264 ho a. Sɛ nhwɛsoɔ no, H.265 taa hwehwɛ bɛyɛ 40-50% data a ɛsua sene H.264 ma aniwa su korɔ no ara. Sɛ wode w’ani si platform ahorow a ɛboa saa codecs a ɛkɔ anim yi so a, wubetumi akura su a ɛkorɔn mu bere a wotew fael kɛse ne bandwidth a wɔhwehwɛ so kɛse no.
Daakye Nneɛma a Ɛba wɔ Bitrate Optimization mu
Nsɛm ho amanneɛbɔ mfiridwuma mu tebea kɔ so nya nkɔso bere a mfiri a wɔde sua ade a ɛma encoding nya nkɔso no renya din. Saa akwan a AI di so yi hwehwɛ emu nsɛm mu su mu de di dwuma de nhyɛso akwan a eye sen biara di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ nnam so. Content-adaptive encoding ma kwan ma wɔde bitrate di dwuma yiye mpo denam data pii a wɔkyekyɛ ma scenes a ɛyɛ den ne kakraa bi ma frames a ɛnyɛ den, na ɛde su a wosusuw sɛ ɛkɔ so daa a bitrates a ɛba fam ba.
Wɔ wɔn a wɔyɛ nsɛm a ɛwɔ mu no fam no, bitrate a eye sen biara a wobenya no nyɛ asɛm a ɛne sɛ wubedi nyansahyɛ ahorow a ɛfa nneɛma nyinaa ho akyi bio na mmom wobɛte ahwehwɛde pɔtee a ɛwɔ wo nsɛm no mu, nhyiam ahorow a wode w’ani asi so, ne atiefo anohyeto ahorow ase. Yɛn Media Bitrate Calculator no ma gyinaesi nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ den yi yɛ mmerɛw denam nyansahyɛ ahorow a wɔayɛ no sɛnea wopɛ, a efi nyansahu mu a egyina wo nsusuwii pɔtee so a ɛde ma no so.
Bere a intanɛt ahoɔhare kɔ soro wɔ wiase nyinaa no, bitrates a ɛkorɔn no bɛyɛ nea wotumi nya ma streaming. Nanso, adwumayɛ a etu mpɔn da so ara yɛ ade titiriw, titiriw ma wɔn a wɔhwɛ wɔ telefon so ne mpɔtam a bandwidth sua. Nsɛm a ɛwɔ mu ho akwan a ɛdi mu paa no kari pɛ wɔ ahwehwɛdeɛ a ɛyɛ papa ne nsusuiɛ a ɛfa sɛdeɛ wobɛtumi anya ho, na ɛhwɛ sɛ wo nsɛm no bɛduru atiefoɔ a wɔdɔɔso a ɛmma wontumi nsɛe nsunsuansoɔ a ɛwɔ aniwa so.